1,720,967 research outputs found
Resource allocation and congestion control in vehicular ad-hoc networks through optimization algorithms and artificial intelligence
Get PDF[SPA] Esta tesis doctoral se presenta bajo la modalidad de compendio de publicaciones. En los últimos años la creciente demanda de la industria del transporte junto con requisitos de seguridad cada vez más estrictos han promovido el rápido desarrollo de las comunicaciones vehiculares. Tales comunicaciones se basan en el intercambio de mensajes periódicos (beacons) que contienen información crítica de los vehículos. Esta difusión de información da origen a lo que comúnmente se denomina conciencia cooperativa, que permite ampliar las capacidades de numerosos sistemas de asistencia en carretera y las diferentes aplicaciones de seguridad. Ciertamente, la difusión de información entre vehículos es la base de la conducción autónoma y reduce drásticamente el riesgo de colisión y otros eventos indeseados. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que la carga agregada de los beacons transmitidos puede congestionar rápidamente el canal, comprometiendo la recepción de paquetes y, por lo tanto, poniendo en peligro las ventajas que ofrecen tales comunicaciones. Para garantizar la disponibilidad del canal tanto para la recepción correcta de mensajes de emergencia y de las mínimas balizas necesarias para satisfacer los requisitos de las aplicaciones de seguridad, una determinada fracción del canal debe de ser reservada. En la literatura relacionada, el control de la congestión se ha abordado mediante el ajuste de varios parámetros de transmisión (tasa de mensaje, potencia y tasa de bit), pero todavía existen numerosos desafíos por abordar. Por ejemplo, aunque los parámetros de transmisión suelen ajustarse individualmente debido a la simplicidad del problema de optimización, aquí se muestran las ventajas de ajustar varios parámetros de forma simultánea. En esta tesis, se propone el uso de diferentes algoritmos distribuidos que alcancen el nivel de congestión deseado sin requerir infraestructura ninguna en carretera. La primera parte de esta tesis aborda la asignación de la tasa de balizamiento mediante la maximización de la utilidad de red (NUM) y diferentes métricas de riesgo como el tiempo de colisión y la velocidad de la carretera de aviso. En la segunda parte, no solo se estudian diferentes combinaciones consistentes de parámetros, sino que también nos sumergimos en el paradigma de los algoritmos no cooperativos, en los que no se requiere información de los vehículos vecinos. El problema de control de la congestión es formulado como un Proceso de Decisión de Markov (MDP) y resuelto mediante técnicas de inteligencia artificial, más concretamente, mediante aprendizaje por refuerzo (RL). Se proponen diferentes soluciones que van desde simples métodos tabulares, adecuados para entornos discretos, como Q-learning, hasta funciones de aproximación más complejas adecuadas para espacios continuos, como SARSA basado en semi-gradiente o redes neuronales artificiales.[ENG] This doctoral dissertation has been presented in the form of thesis by publication. The ever-increasing growth of the transportation industry demands combined with new safety requirements has triggered the development of vehicular communications. These communications among vehicles are based on the exchange of periodical messages or beacons containing valuable information about vehicle state. This gives rise to the socalled cooperative awareness, which allows extending the capabilities of numerous driver assistance systems and safety applications. Disseminating information among vehicles certainly lessens the risk of collision and other undesired events. Nevertheless, the aggregated beaconing load can rapidly jam the channel, compromising packet reception, and therefore endangering the advantages offered by such communications. To guarantee the availability of the channel for emergency messages and the minimum beacons receptions that satisfy safety application requirements, a given fraction of the channel capacity should be available. This congestion control has been addressed by adjusting several transmission parameters but some challenges are still unresolved. Although these parameters are usually optimized individually because of the convexity of the optimization problem, we show the advantages of combining them. In this thesis, we propose the use of different distributed algorithms that reach the desired congestion level without explicitly requiring any costly infrastructure. The first part of this thesis addresses beaconing rate allocation. We propose several distributed solutions based on Network Utility Maximization (NUM) and different risk metrics such as time-to-collision and advisory road speed. In the second part, we not only study different combinations of well-coupled parameters but also dive into the paradigm of noncooperative algorithms, in which no information from neighboring vehicles or centralized infrastructure are required. We formulate the congestion control problem as a Markov Decision Process and solve it by means of different reinforcement learning techniques. In particular, we propose different solutions ranging from tabular methods suitable for simple and discrete environments, like Q-learning, to more complex functions approximations for continuous action-state spaces, such as Semi-gradient SARSA or artificial neural networks.Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaPrograma de Doctorado en Tecnologías de la Información y las ComunicacionesEsta tesis doctoral se presenta bajo la modalidad de compendio de publicaciones. Está formada por estos seis artículos: 1. (j1) Aznar-Poveda, J., Egea-Lopez, E., Garcia-Sanchez, A. J., and Pavon-Mariño, P. (2019, October). Time-to-Collision-Based Awareness and Congestion Control for Vehicular Communications. IEEE Access, 7, 154192-154208. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949131. 2. (c1) Aznar-Poveda, J., Egea-Lopez, E., and Garcia-Sanchez, A. J. (2020, May). Cooperative Awareness Message Dissemination in EN 302 637-2: An Adaptation for Winding Roads. IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/VTC2020-Spring48590.2020.9128815. 3. (c2) Aznar-Poveda, J., Egea-Lopez, E., Garcia-Sanchez, A. J., and Garcia-Haro, J. (2020, July). Advisory Speed Estimation for an Improved V2X Communications Awareness in Winding Roads. In 2020 22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) (pp. 1-4). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICTON51198.2020.9203478 4. (j2) Aznar-Poveda, J., Garcia-Sanchez, A. J., Egea-Lopez, E., and Garcia-Haro, J. (2021, January). MDPRP: A Q-Learning Approach for the Joint Control of Beaconing Rate and Transmission Power in VANETs. IEEE Access, 9, 10166-10178. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3050625 5. (j3) Aznar-Poveda, J., Garcia-Sanchez, A. J., Egea-Lopez, E., and Garcia-Haro, J. (2021, August). Simultaneous Data Rate and Transmission Power Adaptation in V2V Communications: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach. IEEE Access 9, 122067-122081. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3109422 6. (j4) Aznar-Poveda, J., Garcia-Sanchez, A. J., Egea-Lopez, E., and Garcia-Haro, J. (2021, December). Approximate Reinforcement Learning to Control Beaconing Congestion in Distributed Networks. Scientific Reports, 12, 142. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04123-9Universidad Politécnica de Cartagen
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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