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Impact of training on Malaysian respiratory physiotherapists' ability in detecting velcro crackles from pre-recorded lung sounds.
No full textIncidence of
idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF) is increasing worldwide and currently there
is no curative therapy for IPF. Velcro crackles are associated with IPF and
could be detected during auscultation. There is a need to train healthcare
professionals to detect Velcro crackles during auscultation to help with
earlier diagnosis of IPF in clinical settings. There is a paucity regarding the
impact of training on healthcare professionals’ ability in detecting Velcro
crackles from patients with IPF, particularly amongst Malaysian respiratory
physiotherapists. The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of
training on Malaysian respiratory physiotherapists in detecting Velcro crackles
from pre-recorded lung sounds of patients with IPF. To this end, the research
was conducted over two studies. The first study used a test-retest design to
explore the impact of training on the intra and inter-observer reliability of
respiratory physiotherapists ability to identify Velcro crackles from
pre-recorded lung sounds. Twelve participants were randomly assigned into two
groups and assessed on two separate occasions. The findings suggested that
intra-observer reliability for the trained Group A indicated substantial to
perfect agreement (k=0.67-1), in contrast fair to moderate agreement found for
the untrained Group B (k=0.29-0.54) during Assessment 1. However,
intra-observer reliability for Group B improved, from moderate to perfect
agreement (k=0.50-0.90) after the training session during Assessment 2.
Inter-observer reliability score for the trained Group A reflects moderate
agreement (k=0.59), whereas the untrained Group B represents slight agreement
(k=0.19) during Assessment 1. Nonetheless, inter-observer reliability for Group
B improved to moderate agreement (k=0.59) at Assessment 2 after receiving the
ii training session. However, this first study has several limitations.
Therefore, the second study was conducted after further improvements and
development on its design to counter those limitations. In the second study, a
longitudinal mixed methods design was used to achieve the study aim, via the
following objectives: 1) to evaluate the impact of training on reliability,
accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of Malaysian respiratory physiotherapists
in detecting Velcro crackles over time; 2) to explore participants’ experiences
of Velcro crackles at the baseline and after the training session; 3) to
explore participants’ perceptions of the training sessions; and 4) to explore
participants’ experiences of skill retention and skill transfer in clinical
practice. This study suggested that the training has significantly improved in
inter-observer reliability, accuracy and sensitivity of participants in
detecting Velcro crackles from the pre-training to the post-training
assessments (k improved from 0.20 to 0.56 indicates poor to moderate agreement,
p < 0.001; accuracy increased from 58% to 87%, p < 0.001; sensitivity
increased from 43% to 85%, p < 0.001 respectively). However, the
reliability, accuracy and sensitivity significantly declined from the
post-training to the two-month follow-up assessments (k reduced to 0.50
indicates moderate agreement, p < 0.05; accuracy decreased to 83%, p <
0.05; sensitivity decreased to 80%, p < 0.05). There were significant
negative correlations between days of leave with accuracy and sensitivity at
twomonth follow-up assessment (rs = -0.85 & -0.84 respectively, p <
0.05). Specificity remained constant over time, p > 0.05. The qualitative
findings corroborated with these findings suggest that there were: 1) perceived
benefits of the training session; 2) comprehension towards the training; and 3)
recognition of Velcro crackles immediately after the training. However, at the
two-month follow-up interview session, qualitative findings suggest that there
were: 1) decline in skill retention; 2) time constraint to practise the newly
acquired skill in clinical practice; 3) skill transfer was achieved by some
participants; and 4) acknowledgement of the importance of the skill in clinical
practice. In addition, qualitative findings suggest that there should be a
continuous learning programme through online and interactive training workshop,
which should be delivered earlier to healthcare professionals and undergraduate
students. Therefore, this thesis suggests the need for implementing the
training of Velcro crackles detection in clinical practice to train health care
professionals in iii detecting Velcro crackles, thus promoting earlier
diagnosis of IPF in clinical settings.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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