1,720,961 research outputs found
Mechanism of anti-cancer activity of (z)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop–2–en-1-one (DK1) in human osteosarcoma cells and subchronic toxicity evaluation in BALB/C mice
Get PDFOsteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone cancer that arises from malignant transformation of mesenchymal cells and predominantly diagnosed among children. Poor prognosis of OS patient is due to the capability of this cancer to proliferate uncontrollably and metastasize, leading to reduction of the 5 years survival rate of patients. Even with intensive treatment, the patients’ survival rate will drop significantly to 30% if diagnosed with malignant OS. Commonly prescribed chemotherapy drug like doxorubicin exhibits adverse effects including cardiotoxicity, mucositis and myelosuppression. Therefore, discovery of potential anti-cancer agent that derived from natural products and pharmacologically safe for human consumption is imperative. Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic component that is isolated from turmeric and possess wide spectrum of pharmacological benefits including anti-proliferative, anti-metastasis, antiangiogenesis as well as has an excellent safety profile. However, natural curcumin reportedly has poor cellular uptake, leading to the development of synthetically synthesized curcuminoid analog, namely (Z)-3-hydroxy-1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3phenylprop–2–en-1-one (DK1). The aims for this study are to assess the safety of DK1 in BALB/c mice model and to determine the anti-cancer potential of DK1 by evaluating the cytotoxicity effects, apoptosis induction as well as metastasis inhibition in both U-2 OS and MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell lines. Additionally, this study also focused on the anti-cancer mechanism induced by DK1 and to assess the expression of regulatory long non-coding RNA in human osteosarcoma cell lines. Subchronic toxicity study revealed that DK1 did not cause any toxicity effects on BALB/c mice, proven by no significant (p<0.05) alteration in the biochemical analysis, organ to body weight ratio as well as no apparent physical signs of toxicity on the organs histology. The 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay manifested that DK1 has successfully inhibited the proliferation of U-2 OS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell lines with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 19.6 ± 0.3 μM and 23.8 ± 0.8 μM respectively without interfering the proliferation of the normal cells. To examine the morphological signs of cell death induced by the DK1, AO/PI double staining assay was performed and subsequently followed by Annexin V/FITC and cell cycle flow cytometry analysis in order to further confirm that DK1 induced cell death via apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis verified that DK1 induced apoptosis as depicted by the accumulation at Sub G0/G1 phase that was substantially (p<0.05) increased in both osteosarcoma cell lines. In this study, DK1 also exhibited an anti-metastatic potential by impeding the cell motility of U-2 OS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell lines, as shown by the finding that the percentage of cell migration were significantly (p<0.05) decreased to 37.2 ± 7.4% and 3.5 ± 0.2 % respectively. A substantial (p<0.05) reduction in the percentage of migrated and invaded cells also can be observed in both cell lines where reduction from 100% to 44.4 ± 3.6% and 61.6 ± 1.4% was observed respectively. Additionally, DK1 also possessed an anti-angiogenic potential that was proven by the finding that the percentage of tube formation and microvessels sprouting were significantly (p<0.05) reduced. From the microarray analysis several cancer pathways such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK, NF-κB, P53 and cell cycle were successfully modulated by the DK1. In addition, DK1 also significantly (p<0.05) regulated the expression of several characterized long non-coding RNA namely HOTAIR, TUG1 and GAS5 as well as uncharacterized long non-coding RNA such as lnc-CETP-1, lnc- LOXL1-1, lnc-UBLCP1-1, and lncC17orf62-3 in both human osteosarcoma cell lines. In conclusion, DK1 could be considered as a potential candidate for anticancer therapy in near future since it was able to induce apoptosis, inhibit metastasis and regulate the lncRNA expression in osteosarcoma cell lines as well as did not exert any toxicity effects on the tested mice model in similar to natural curcumin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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