1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Reformulasi Konsep Najis Ala Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958)
No full textAhmad Hassan (1887-1958), prominent figure of Persatuan Islam (Persis) who had critical views on Islamic law, offered a conceptual defiling stilth or najis in the context of ablution in Islamic law. In his view there were three kinds of najis: (i) najis as impurity that must be cleaned before praying (salat); (ii) najis as impurity that was forbidden to eat; and (iii) najis as impurity that contained in heart (qalb). These three kinds of najis, according to Hassan, were absolutely based on the rules in Qur`an and Sunnah of the Prophet. Furthermore we can see many controversial opinions of his views in detail rules in this field. In the first kind of najis, according to him, there were only five or six sorts of impurity that were all human substances, they are feces, urine, blood of menstruation, blood of childbirth, mazi, and wadi. These sorts of impurity purely based on the traditions of the Prophet and other legal reasoning. No other impurity or najis need to be cleanned before praying (salat) excepts those five sorts. So, some sorts of impurity like (spittle of) dog, pig, and animal manure, according to his view were not najis that have to be cleanned before praying. In the second kind of najis, according to Hassan forbidden foodstuffs were only forbidden foodstuffs mentioned in Qur`an. There was no forbidden foodstuff outside the Qur`an. In the third kind of najis, according to him, there was metaphor impurity that was in the hearts of unbelievers. The first and second concept of impurity or najis above are important to be studied furthermore
Menggugat Hukum Wajibnya Zakat Fitrah
No full textAbstrak: Zakat fitrah yang dihukumi wajib menjadi salah satu penyebab rigiditas dalam pelaksanaannya sehingga pencapaian terhadap tujuan hakikidiperintahkannya zakat fitrah cenerung terkalahkan oleh persepsi keabsahan pelaksanaan zakat itu sendiri sesuai ketentuan formalnya. Dekonstruksiterhadap hukum wajib zakat fitrah merupakan salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk memecah kekakuan tersebut. Penelitian terhadap golonganyang berpandangan tidak wajibnya zakat fitrah beserta argumentasinya ini menghasilkan kesimpulan besar bahwa secara teoritis pandangan tersebutdimungkinkan kemunculannya karena dalil syarak yang mendasarinya bernilai zanni, baik wurud ataupun dalalah-nya, didukung pula oleh teori al-jam’ wa altawfiq, istinbat bayani terhadap makna farada, dan teori nasakh. Di samping itu, dari perspektif maqasid al-syari’ah dengan berubahnya situasi sosial-ekonomiyang mengharuskan zakat fitrah, maka perubahan hukum tersebut, dari wajib menjadi sunnah, adalah sesuatu yang masuk akal. Hal ini didukung pula olehkajian kesejarahan (tarikh al-tasyri’) yang menyimpulkan bahwa lafaz farada pada hadis tentang zakat fitrah lebih logis dimaknai secara bahasa, yang berartimenentukan (qaddara), bukannya menurut pengertian syarak, yakni mewajibkan, karena konsep tentang ahkam al-khamsah belum dikenal pada saatitu.
Kata Kunci: zanni al-wurud wa al-dalalah, al-jam’ wa al-tawfiq, nasakh, farada, tarikhal-tasyriâ€
Transformasi Akad Bay\u27 al-Murabahah dari Konsep Fikih ke Produk Bank (Analisis Kritis Perspektif Fikih Muamalah)
Full text linkPembiayaan murabahah di bank-bank syariah adalah produk pembiayaan yang berbasis pada akad bay’ al-murabahah. Jika dianalisis dalam perspektif fikih muamalah akad bay’ al-murabahah yang dipraktikkan dalam produk-produk pembiayaan bank syariah tersebut sesungguhnya telah mengalami transformasi sehingga tidak lagi sama persis dengan konsepnya dalam fikih. Tulisan ini memfokuskan diri pada dua persoalan pokok, yakni apa saja bentuk-bentuk transformasi akad yang terjadi pada akad bay’ al-murabahah tersebut dan bagaimana hukum dari transformasi akad tersebut dalam perspektif fikih muamalah. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap data lapangan yang ada, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa transformasi akad bay’ al-murabahah pada produk pembiayaan di bank syariah sekurang-kurangnya meliputi lima aspek, yakni: konstruk akadnya, motif yang mendasari akad, pelibatan akad wakalah, persyaratan jaminan (agunan), dan denda terhadap angsuran yang bermasalah. Jika dinilai dari aspek syariahnya terdapat dua aspek yang tidak sesuai, yakni adanya angsuran pembayaran yang substansinya mirip dengan kredit yang berbunga dan adanya denda bagi yang pembayaran angsuran tersebut bermasalah
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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