1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analysis of the Role of Immune System and Microenvironment in Leukaemia
No full textThe immune system and microenvironment have been implicated in chemotherapy resistancein acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Despite the development of different therapies, thedetailed mechanism underlying chemotherapy resistance is not well understood. Hence thisstudy seeks to elucidate the role of the immune system and microenvironment in leukaemiacells as well as evaluate the in vitro interactions between leukaemia cells and macrophages. Tothis end, relevant microarray data from ALL cells treated with dexamethasone (Dex) – asynthetic glucocorticoid, etoposide (Eto) – a DNA damaging drug, and conditioned media(CM) that mimics microenvironment was retrieved from Array Express, Probeset IDs wereupdated with Affymetrix Annotation, the list of new genes obtained were filtered with Foldchange ≥ 2 and q-value ≤ 0.05, then analyzed with Metascape for pathway enrichment. Thegene list was also cross matched with genes obtained from GeneCards by using seven keyterms, cBioPortal was used for the transcriptomic analysis of CD47 expression and STRINGwas used to determine CD47-proteins interactions. A total of 4,188 probeset IDs previouslyunannotated were matched to specific genes, the enrichment analysis report identifiedpathways including polyubiquitination, receptor localization to synapse and modulation ofchemical synaptic transmission. IL-10 and CD47 genes were observed to be upregulated intreatment groups where CM was present, and this varies depending on the presence or absenceof Dex and Eto. CD47 mRNA expression correlated positively with the age of diagnosis ofALL, is observed in different ALL subtypes and is inversely proportional to overall survivalaccording to the cBioPortal analysis. CD47 interacts with several proteins such as SIRPα,THBS, HSPA5, THSP1, BRD4, MYC, SMARCA4, MFGE8, ZEB1, GZMB and MAP2K7which either activate or inhibit its function.In vitro experiments were carried out to validate these findings and to elucidate details of therole of immune system and microenvironment in leukemia. Dex and Eto cytotoxicity with andwithout CM on C7-14, C1-15, and MOLT-4 ALL cell lines were evaluated using MTS andpropidium iodide staining assays. Both assays demonstrated that C7-14 cells were mostsusceptible to dexamethasone, followed by C1-15 and MOLT-4. The same pattern wasobserved for Eto and combined treatment, except for higher concentrations showing greatercytotoxicity in C1-15. Propidium iodide assay particularly confirmed C7-14 to be the mostsusceptible of all cell lines to Dex, whilst MOLT-4 was relatively resistant to all treatments.Responses to other treatments were similar for C1-15 and C7-14. Across all cell lines there wasa trend for CM to reduce cytotoxicity. Given the bioinformatics-identified prognostic value ofCD47, follow-up experiments made use of anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody to determinepotential molecular mechanisms. Flow cytometry-based detection confirmed cell surface CD47expression to be highest in C7-14 and C1-15, whilst levels were lower in MOLT-4; CM showedincreased trend in C7-14, no change in C1-15 and decrease in MOLT-4 CD47 surfaceexpression. Drug treatments led to small differences in CD47 surface levels. CD47 mRNA wasincreased by Dex in C7-14 and decreased by Dex and Eto in C1-15, which mostly correlatedwith western blot-detected protein levels. CM and Dex treatments led to an upregulation trendof both CD47 mRNA and protein levels in C7-14 cells while Eto led to a decrease both on itsown and in combination with Dex in C1-15 which mostly correlated with western blot-detectedprotein levels. CM treatment showed upregulation trends of CD47 mRNA levels in all celllines, whereas protein levels displayed complex patterns. Preliminary data from co-cultureexperiments of leukaemia and THP-1 macrophages indicate that anti-CD47 monoclonalantibody alone and in combination with Dex and or Eto did not seem to induce cytotoxicity orenhance phagocytosis of C7-14, C1-15, and MOLT-4 leukaemia cell lines in vitro.In conclusion, findings from this study suggest that CM contributes to drug resistance in allcell lines studied. Furthermore, there is a trend of increased CD47 expression by CM in mostcell lines, potentially contributing to chemoresistance
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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