1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Vertus prêtées ou bénéfices tangibles? : une analyse des retombées économiques et sociales des circuits courts alimentaires au Canada
No full textAu cours des dernières décennies, les circuits courts alimentaires ont pris de l'ampleur au sein des systèmes alimentaires dans les pays industrialisés. Leur développement reste toutefois inégal selon les pays ou même selon les régions d'un même pays. Les facteurs institutionnels qui contribuent à ces différences contextuelles dans le développement des circuits courts ont été peu étudiés. À une échelle plus micro, les agriculteurs jouent un rôle prépondérant dans le développement des circuits courts. Cependant, la recherche sur ces acteurs souffre de quelques lacunes. Cette thèse contribue à améliorer les connaissances sur les circuits courts alimentaires en étudiant les facteurs institutionnels qui encouragent, ou limitent, leur développement dans les territoires. Ensuite, elle propose une typologie originale des agriculteurs en circuits courts pour capturer la diversité de leur profil. Enfin, elle teste l'association des circuits courts alimentaires aux principaux bénéfices sociaux et économiques pour les agriculteurs évoqués dans la littérature. Pour comprendre les facteurs institutionnels qui influencent le développement des circuits courts, cette thèse analyse les référentiels de politique agroalimentaire au sein de 10 provinces canadiennes à l'aune des instruments légaux déployés entre 2000 et 2021. L'analyse s'appuie aussi sur d'autres sources, comme l'histoire agricole de ces provinces, les enseignements de plusieurs entrevues auprès d'experts dans différentes provinces, ainsi qu'une enquête web menée en 2018-2019 auprès de 613 agriculteurs en circuits courts au Canada. Les résultats indiquent des trajectoires spécifiques et inégales dans les provinces en matière d'installation d'un nouveau référentiel de développement agricole durable, de multifonctionnalité agricole et de relocalisation alimentaire. L'absence ou la rareté de ces orientations dans le référentiel agricole dominant est associée aux provinces avec les plus faibles pourcentages de fermes en circuits courts. De plus, dans ces provinces, un écart marqué entre le référentiel agricole dominant et celui des agriculteurs en circuits courts est observé, ce qui suggère l'existence de fortes tensions sur la place des circuits courts dans le système alimentaire de ces provinces. Le reste des analyses s'appuie sur l'enquête web menée auprès des 613 agriculteurs et agricultrices. Ainsi, il a été possible d'offrir un portrait de plusieurs types d'agriculteurs et agricultrices qu'on retrouve dans les circuits courts au Canada, en fonction de leur trajectoire socio-professionnelle et de leur stratégie de commercialisation. Les résultats révèlent que les agriculteurs et agricultrices en circuits courts ne forment pas un groupe homogène. Trois grands types d'agriculteurs et agricultrices en circuits courts sont en effet identifiés: 1) une jeune relève agricole en deuxième carrière, rarement formée en agriculture et récemment insérée en circuits courts 2) une relève traditionnelle issue du milieu agricole et installée en agriculture à un jeune âge, formée en agriculture, insérée en circuits courts depuis longtemps, relativement moins active en circuits courts mais misant de façon importante sur la vente indirecte 3) enfin, une relève âgée et en deuxième carrière, installée tardivement en agriculture, elle est la plus active en circuits courts et privilégie la vente directe au consommateur. En ce qui concerne l'analyse des bénéfices sociaux et économiques associés aux circuits courts au prisme de la satisfaction au travail, elle révèle qu'une part plus importante de ventes en circuits courts dans les ventes totales de la ferme est associée à des niveaux plus élevés de satisfaction économique et de satisfaction dans le travail proprement dit (aspects matériel et psychologique du travail). Quant à l'existence d'enjeux sexo-spécifiques pour les agriculteurs et les agricultrices, elle est étudiée à travers les concepts d'empowerment, de satisfaction au travail, d'éthique du care et du caractère potentiellement féministe de ces systèmes alimentaires. L'analyse confirme l'existence de préoccupations et d'expériences différentes selon le sexe ainsi que le potentiel explicatif des concepts mobilisés pour étudier le genre dans les circuits courts alimentaires. Toutefois, à chaque étape, des défis, variables selon les acteurs et selon les provinces, sont également repérés. Les limites méthodologiques de cette recherche à la fois pionnière et exploratoire, sont également reconnues. Dans l'ensemble, c'est un bilan plutôt positif mais également nuancé des circuits courts alimentaires au Canada qui est réalisé dans cette thèse, avec le travail et les référentiels comme concepts centraux.In recent decades, short food supply chains have gained momentum within food systems in industrialized countries. However, their development remains uneven across countries or even within regions of the same country. The institutional factors that contribute to these contextual differences in the development of short food supply chains have been understudied. At a more micro level, farmers play a predominant role in the development of short food supply chains. However, research on these actors has some gaps. This thesis aims to improve knowledge of short food supply chains by studying the institutional factors that encourage or limit their development in territories. It then proposes an original typology of farmers in short food supply chains to capture the diversity of their profiles. Finally, it tests the association of short food supply chains with the main social and economic benefits for farmers discussed in the literature. To understand the institutional factors influencing the development of short food supply chains, this thesis analyzes agri-food policy frameworks, or referentials, within 10 Canadian provinces in light of legal instruments deployed between 2000 and 2021. The analysis also draws on other sources, such as the agricultural history of these provinces, the insights from several interviews with experts in different provinces, and a 2018-2019 web survey of 613 short food supply chain farmers in Canada. Results indicate specific and uneven trajectories in provinces regarding the establishment of a new framework for sustainable agriculture, multifunctionality of agriculture, and food relocalization. The absence or paucity of these orientations in the dominant agri-food policy framework is associated with provinces with the lowest percentages of short food supply chain farms. Furthermore, in these provinces, a marked gap between the dominant agricultural framework and that of short food supply chain farmers is observed, suggesting the existence of strong tensions on the place of short food supply chains in these provinces' food systems. The remaining analyses are based on the web survey of 613 farmers. It was possible to offer a portrait of several types of farmers found in short food supply chains in Canada, based on their socio-professional background and marketing strategy. Results reveal that short food supply chain farmers do not form a homogeneous group. Three main types of short food supply chain farmers are identified: 1) a young farming succession in second career, rarely trained in agriculture and recently inserted into short food supply chains, 2) a traditional succession with farming background and established in agriculture at a young age, trained in agriculture, long-standing in short food supply chains, relatively less active in short food supply chains but placing significant emphasis on intermediated food sales, 3) and finally, an older and second-career succession, established late in agriculture, the most active in short food supply chains and favoring direct-to-consumer channels. The analysis of social and economic benefits associated with short food supply chains in terms of job satisfaction reveals that a higher proportion of short food supply chain sales in total farm sales is associated with higher levels of economic satisfaction and work enjoyment (material and psychological aspects of work). As for the existence of gender-specific issues for farmers, it is studied through the concepts of empowerment, job satisfaction, care ethics and the potentially feminist nature of these food systems. The analysis confirms the existence of different concerns and experiences depending on gender and the explanatory potential of the concepts used to study gender in short supply chains. However, challenges, varying among actors and provinces, are also identified at each stage. The methodological limitations of this pioneering and exploratory research are also recognized. Overall, this thesis presents a mostly positive but nuanced view of short food supply chains in Canada, with work and referentials as central concepts
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Analyse du changement de coordination verticale de 2009 dans le secteur porcin québécois
No full textLa commercialisation du porc d’abattage au Québec se fait dans le cadre d’une mise en marché collective. En 2009, l’encan électronique, un canal de vente virtuel géré par un office de producteurs porcins, a été aboli. Pour la première fois dans l’histoire de la mise en marché collective dans le porc, on a introduit la possibilité de relations directes entre acheteurs et producteurs. La littérature du supply chain management et la théorie des coûts de transaction suggèrent que de telles relations impliquent une coordination verticale plus étroite et plus performante. L’importance de prendre en compte l’encadrement institutionnel qu’offre la mise en marché collective est également démontrée. La nature de ces changements a été analysée afin de caractériser cette nouvelle façon de coordonner les transactions de mise en marché. Les impacts de ce changement de coordination verticale sur la performance ont été repérés en mobilisant une grille d’analyse multicritère. L’analyse a ainsi révélé une coordination plus étroite modifiant le mode d’adaptation aux imprévus, les règles du jeu et leurs sources, le contrôle et les incitations des parties impliquées dans les transactions. La qualité des produits, la flexibilité de la relation entre producteur et acheteur, l’équilibre des chaînes dans le secteur ainsi que la nature et le niveau des coûts de transaction sont les principaux impacts identifiés en matière de performance de la coordination verticale. Un rôle changeant mais encore appréciable de l’office de producteurs dans l’encadrement de ces transactions a été également rapporté par les participants rencontrés.The marketing of the pork to be slaughtered in Quebec is done within the framework of a collective marketing. In 2009, the electronic auction, a virtual channel of sale managed by an office of pork producers, was abolished. For the first time in the history of the collective marketing in this industry, one introduced the possibility of direct relationships between purchasers and producers. The literature of the supply chain management and the transaction costs economics suggest such relations imply a closer and more competitive vertical coordination. Importance to take into account the institutional framing which offers the collective marketing is also shown. The nature of these changes was analyzed in order to characterize this new way of coordinating the transactions. The impacts of this change in vertical coordination on the performance were located by mobilizing a multicriterion grid of analysis. The analysis thus revealed a closer coordination, modifying the mode of adaptation to the unforeseen, the rules of the game and their sources, the control and the incentives of actors implied in the transactions. Product quality, the flexibility of the relation between producer and purchaser, the balance of the chains in the sector as well as the nature and the level of transaction costs are the main impacts identified as regards performance of vertical coordination. A still appreciable but changing role of marketing board in the framing of these transactions was also reported by the participants met
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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