5 research outputs found
Sadegh Hedayat, un écrivain francophone iranien de l'entre-deux-mondes
No full textEn Iran, Sadegh Hedayat est un auteur important qui, le premier, a pris le chemin de la francophonie. Il fustige dans ses œuvres la société à laquelle il appartient et reste un écrivain controversé. Devenu solitaire et exclu de son pays d’origine, il s’exile en France où il crée ses œuvres les plus remarquables, mais toujours dans une marginalisation absolue. Il écrit en persan et en français avec un égal talent. Partir dans un autre pays et écrire dans la langue de l’autre sont en général ressentis comme une délivrance, mais Sadegh Hedayat n’a jamais pu rompre ni de sa langue maternelle ni de son pays d’origine. Cette attitude ambivalente se reflète dans son chef-d’œuvre La Chouette aveugle qui reste singulier et excentrique dans l’histoire littéraire iranienne. Cette œuvre semble s’être lovée dans la conscience des textes occidentaux et orientaux qui hante son écriture. En marge de deux sociétés à la fois – celle de la civilisation orientale et celle de la civilisation occidentale – Sadegh Hedayat se retrouve dans une solitude délibérément choisie. Ce présent article a pour objectif d’étudier la situation d’un écrivain iranien exilé qui est coincé entre deux mondes, l’Orient et l’Occident.
Abstract
In Iran, Sadegh Hedayat is a very important author who was the first to embrace francophonie. In his works, he criticizes harshly the society he belongs to and so remains a controversial writer. Lonely and banned from his country, he went into exile in France where he wrote his most remarkable work, in complete marginalization. He writes in Persian and in French with the same eloquence. It is generally regarded that writing in another language in another country is a liberation, but, Sadegh Hedayat was never separated from his maternal language nor from his country. This ambivalent attitude is illustrated in his major work La chouette aveugle which remains singular and eccentric in the literary history of Iran. This text seems to cling to the consciousness of the western and eastern texts which pervade his writings. Outside the two societies at the same time – the western and eastern civilizations- Sadegh Hedayat finds himself in a self-imposed and voluntary solitude. This article aims to study the situation of the exiled Iranian writer stuck between two worlds, the West and the East
"La Chouette aveugle" de Sadegh Hedayat, un récit à la croisée des textes occidentaux
No full textLa Chouette aveugle, un récit d abord publié en 1936, à Bombay, en Inde, puis en 1941 en Iran, à Téhéran, et traduite en français, en 1951, par Roger Lescot,est une œuvre singulière d un auteur iranien, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). C est une nouvelle qui se présente sous la forme d une longue confession faite par un narrateur anonyme, victime de cauchemars et d hallucinations. Écrite durant un séjour effectué par cet écrivain en France entre 1926 et 1930, cette œuvre est surchargée d emprunts,de réminiscences, et d allusions à de multiples lectures littéraires, philosophiques,métaphysiques, religieuses et psychanalytiques. C est un lieu de croisement d influences diverses, orientales certes mais aussi, surtout, occidentales. Cet entrelacs minutieux fait de La Chouette aveugle une œuvre hybride, très élaborée, à la croisée de l Orient et de l Occident. Pour en cerner la singularité, on s est fondé sur une approche qui a cherché à désenchevêtrer les références mythologiques qui en constituent la matière, à repérer les empreintes des modes orientalistes qui existaient à l époque, entre les deux guerres, en France et en Europe, à dégager l existence des modèles et des moules esthétiques, occidentaux, qui s y imbriquent, à en analyser aussi l inspiration nihiliste, marqué par la philosophie occidentale, et à en étudier le caractère surréaliste qui lui confère une originalité très particulière dans la littérature iranienneBlind Owl, a story first published in 1936 in Bombay, India, then in 1941 inIran, Tehran, and translated into French in 1951 by Roger Lescot, is a singular workof an Iranian author, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). It's a new one that comes in the form of a long confession made by a nameless narrator, a victim of nightmares and hallucinations. Written during a stay by this writer in France between 1926 and 1930,this work is overloaded with debt, reminiscences and allusions to many literary readings, philosophical, metaphysical, religious and psychoanalytic. It is a place of intersection of diverse influences, certainly, but also Oriental, especially the West.This careful interweaving makes The Blind Owl a hybrid, very developed at thecrossroads of East and West. To identify the singularity, we relied on an approachthat sought to disentangle the mythological references which are material, to identifythe fingerprints of Orientalist patterns that existed at the time, between the wars,France and in Europe, to identify the existence of aesthetic models and molds,Western imbricate therein, to analyze also the inspiration nihilistic, marked byWestern philosophy, and to study the character that gives it a surrealist originality most unusual in Iranian literaturePARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocPARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF
"La Chouette aveugle" de Sadegh Hedayat, un récit à la croisée des textes occidentaux
No full textLa Chouette aveugle, un récit d’abord publié en 1936, à Bombay, en Inde, puis en 1941 en Iran, à Téhéran, et traduite en français, en 1951, par Roger Lescot,est une œuvre singulière d’un auteur iranien, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). C’est une nouvelle qui se présente sous la forme d’une longue confession faite par un narrateur anonyme, victime de cauchemars et d’hallucinations. Écrite durant un séjour effectué par cet écrivain en France entre 1926 et 1930, cette œuvre est surchargée d’emprunts,de réminiscences, et d’allusions à de multiples lectures littéraires, philosophiques,métaphysiques, religieuses et psychanalytiques. C’est un lieu de croisement d’influences diverses, orientales certes mais aussi, surtout, occidentales. Cet entrelacs minutieux fait de La Chouette aveugle une œuvre hybride, très élaborée, à la croisée de l’Orient et de l’Occident. Pour en cerner la singularité, on s’est fondé sur une approche qui a cherché à désenchevêtrer les références mythologiques qui en constituent la matière, à repérer les empreintes des modes orientalistes qui existaient à l’époque, entre les deux guerres, en France et en Europe, à dégager l’existence des modèles et des moules esthétiques, occidentaux, qui s’y imbriquent, à en analyser aussi l’inspiration nihiliste, marqué par la philosophie occidentale, et à en étudier le caractère surréaliste qui lui confère une originalité très particulière dans la littérature iranienneBlind Owl, a story first published in 1936 in Bombay, India, then in 1941 inIran, Tehran, and translated into French in 1951 by Roger Lescot, is a singular workof an Iranian author, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). It's a new one that comes in the form of a long confession made by a nameless narrator, a victim of nightmares and hallucinations. Written during a stay by this writer in France between 1926 and 1930,this work is overloaded with debt, reminiscences and allusions to many literary readings, philosophical, metaphysical, religious and psychoanalytic. It is a place of intersection of diverse influences, certainly, but also Oriental, especially the West.This careful interweaving makes The Blind Owl a hybrid, very developed at thecrossroads of East and West. To identify the singularity, we relied on an approachthat sought to disentangle the mythological references which are material, to identifythe fingerprints of Orientalist patterns that existed at the time, between the wars,France and in Europe, to identify the existence of aesthetic models and molds,Western imbricate therein, to analyze also the inspiration nihilistic, marked byWestern philosophy, and to study the character that gives it a surrealist originality most unusual in Iranian literatur
Efficacy of Octacalcium Phosphate and Octacalcium Phosphate/Gelatin Composite on the Repair of Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects in Rats
No full textObjectives: The healing of bone defects in the craniofacial region is an important clinical issue. We aimed to compare the effects of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and the combination of OCP/gelatin (OCP/Gel) on calvarial bone regeneration in rats.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 72 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the OCP (n=24), OCP/Gel (n=24), and control groups (n=24). Lesions with a diameter of 9 mm were created in the parietal bone and were filled with 9-mg OCP and OCP/Gel disks. In the control group, no substance was implanted in the defect. Sampling was performed on days 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the implantation. After tissue processing, 5-µm sections were prepared and stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. The sections were studied, and the volume fraction of the newly formed bone was assessed by Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: In the experimental groups, new bone formation was detected at the margins of the defects 10 days after the implantation. With the progression of the healing process, the newly formed bone covered greater areas of the defects and developed a more mature structure. In the control group, the defects were primarily filled with a dense connective tissue with small islands of new bone. The results of histomorphometric assessments showed that the volume of the newly formed bone in the experimental groups had a significant statistical difference with that in the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusions: The OCP/Gel composite can be useful in the healing process of calvarial bone defects
Spatial modulation for generalized MIMO: challenges, opportunities and implementation
No full textA key challenge of future mobile communication research is to strike an attractive compromise between wireless network's area spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. This necessitates a clean-slate approach to wireless system design, embracing the rich body of existing knowledge, especially on multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technologies. This motivates the proposal of an emerging wireless communications concept conceived for single-radio-frequency (RF) large-scale MIMO communications, which is termed as SM. The concept of SM has established itself as a beneficial transmission paradigm, subsuming numerous members of the MIMO system family. The research of SM has reached sufficient maturity to motivate its comparison to state-of-the-art MIMO communications, as well as to inspire its application to other emerging wireless systems such as relay-aided, cooperative, small-cell, optical wireless, and power-efficient communications. Furthermore, it has received sufficient research attention to be implemented in testbeds, and it holds the promise of stimulating further vigorous interdisciplinary research in the years to come. This tutorial paper is intended to offer a comprehensive state-of-the-art survey on SM-MIMO research, to provide a critical appraisal of its potential advantages, and to promote the discussion of its beneficial application areas and their research challenges leading to the analysis of the technological issues associated with the implementation of SM-MIMO. The paper is concluded with the description of the world's first experimental activities in this vibrant research field
