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The Visual Analogue Scale in patients with nasal obstruction candidates to rhinoseptoplasty : diagnostic properties and correlation with quality of life scale
No full textINTRODUÇÃO: A obstrução nasal é um sintoma comum na prática otorrinolaringológica e cirurgia plástica facial, porém de complexa aferição. Apesar de amplamente empregada, há uma escassez de dados referentes às propriedades diagnósticas da escala visual analógica (EVA) em pacientes com obstrução nasal candidatos à rinosseptoplastia. OBJETIVOS: Determinar os níveis de sensibilidade e especificidade da EVA para pacientes com obstrução nasal candidatos à rinosseptoplastia e correlacioná-la com escores relacionados à escala de qualidade de vida específica para obstrução nasal (NOSE-p). METODOLOGIA: Estudo prospectivo, longitudinal, constituído de duas coortes de pacientes. Os pacientes incluídos no grupo com obstrução nasal foram adultos (≥ 18 anos) candidatos à rinosseptoplastia funcional, atendidos no ambulatório de Rinologia e Cirurgia Plástica Facial do serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Paralelamente, um grupo de pacientes adultos (≥ 18 anos) e sem obstrução nasal foi recrutado a partir dos ambulatórios de otorrinolaringologia adulto geral do serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do HCPA com queixas não nasais. As variáveis quantitativas foram correlacionadas entre si pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Para encontrar o melhor ponto de corte da EVA que discrimina os pacientes com e sem obstrução nasal, e aqueles pontos de corte que discriminam pacientes por categorias de gravidade conforme o escore Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation em português (NOSE-p) foram utilizadas análises de curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic). Foi considerado um nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados os dados de 132 pacientes, 64 com obstrução nasal e 68 sem obstrução nasal. A maioria dos pacientes foi do sexo feminino (62%), com média de idade de 47 anos. O ponto de corte de EVA de 43 foi determinado para discriminar pacientes com e sem obstrução nasal, com área sob a curva ROC de 0,89 (P<0,001, IC95%: 0,84 a 0,94), com sensibilidade de 89,1% e especificidade de 76,5%. Os pacientes do grupo sem obstrução nasal se concentraram mais nas categorias leve e moderada e os pacientes do grupo com obstrução, nas categorias grave e extrema da escala NOSE-p. Nas categorias mais altas de NOSE-p, valores de EVA também são mais altos. O ponto de corte abaixo de 13,75 classificaria os 8 leves; de 13,75 a 51, moderados; de 51 até 70,5, graves; acima de 70,5, extremos. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo determina, pela primeira vez na literatura, as propriedades diagnósticas da escala visual analógica para obstrução nasal em pacientes candidatos à rinosseptoplastia. Encontramos correlação significativa entre as escalas EVA e NOSE-p nas diferentes faixas de gravidade da obstrução nasal. Sendo assim, a EVA pode ser uma ferramenta útil para avaliar a gravidade da obstrução nasal em pacientes candidatos à rinosseptoplastia funcional.INTRODUCTION: Nasal obstruction is a common symptom in otorhinolaryngological practice and facial plastic surgery, however its measurement is complex. Although widely used, there is a scarcity of data regarding the diagnostic properties of the visual analogue scale (VAS) in patients with nasal obstruction and candidates to rhinoseptoplasty. OBJECTIVES: To determine levels of sensitivity and specificity of VAS in patients with nasal obstruction candidates to rhinoseptoplasty and compare them with a specific quality of life scale for nasal obstruction, which is already validated (NOSE-p). METHODOLOGY: Prospective study, longitudinal, consisting of two cohorts of patients. The included patients in the nasal obstruction group were adults (≥ 18 years old) candidates to functional rhinoseptoplasty, evaluated at the Rhinology and Facial Plastic Surgery Ambulatory of the Otorhinolaryngology Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). At the same time, in a parallel group, adult patients (≥ 18 years old) without nasal obstruction were recruited from General Adult Otorhinolaryngology Ambulatory of Otorhinolaryngology Service of HCPA with non-nasal complaints. Quantitative variables were correlated with each other by Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves analysis were presented to determine the best value for VAS that discriminates the patients with and without nasal obstruction, and those cutoff points that discriminate patients by severity categories, according to the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation score in Portuguese (NOSE-p). A significance level of 5% was considered. RESULTS: We analyzed data of 132 patients, 64 with nasal obstruction and 68 without nasal obstruction. Most patients were female (62%), with an average age of 47 years old. The VAS cutoff point of 43 was determined to discriminate patients with or without nasal obstruction, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.89 (P<0.001, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.94), with a sensitivity of 89.1% and specificity of 76.5%. Patients in the group without nasal obstruction concentrated more in the mild and moderate categories, while patients in the group with nasal obstruction concentrated in the severe and extreme categories of NOSE-p. In the higher NOSE-p categories, VAS values were also higher. The VAS cutoff point values below 13.75 would classify the mild ones; while the values between 13.75 and 51 would classify the moderate ones; the values 10 between 51 and 70.5, the severe ones; and the values above 70.5, the extreme ones. CONCLUSION: The present study determinates, for the first time in the medical literature, the diagnostic properties of the visual analog scale for nasal obstruction in candidates to rhinoseptoplasty. We found a significant correlation between the VAS and NOSE-p scales in different ranges of severity of the nasal obstruction. Therefore, VAS can be a useful tool to assess the severity of nasal obstruction in candidates to functional rhinoseptoplasty
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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