323,451 research outputs found
Organizing palliative care in the rural areas of Iran: are family physician-based approaches suitable?
No full textHossein Jabbari,1 Saber Azami-Aghdash,2 Reza Piri,3 Mohammad Naghavi-Behzad,4 Mark JM Sullman,5 Saeid Safiri6,7 1Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 2Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 3Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 4Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 5School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus; 6Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran; 7Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Introduction: The provision of palliative end-of-life care (P/EOLc) for patients, wherever they live, is an increasingly important service, particularly given the increasing rates of cancer and other life-threatening diseases in Iran. However, unfortunately, those living in the rural areas of Iran are greatly disadvantaged with respect to this type of care. Therefore, the present study explored the feasibility of organizing P/EOLc in the rural areas of Iran. Methods: In this qualitative study, two focus group (FG) discussions were held in Tabriz (Iran) with rural family physicians (FPs, n=23) and key P/EOLc stakeholders (n=13). The FG sessions were recorded, transcribed, and the transcriptions checked by participants before the data were subjected to content analysis. Results: While most FPs indicated that they did not have sufficient involvement in providing P/EOLc, they emphasized the necessity of providing P/EOLc through four main themes and 25 subthemes. The four main themes were labeled as “structures and procedures,” “health care provider teams,” “obstacles,” and “strategies or solutions.” Furthermore, according to the main themes and subthemes identified here, the key stakeholders believed that the Iranian health system and the FPs’ team have the potential to provide P/EOLc services in rural areas. Conclusion: The most feasible strategy for providing P/EOLc in Iranian rural areas would be to use the current health care framework and base the process around the FP. Keywords: palliative end-of-life care, rural areas, family physician tea
Roeseliana azami subsp. minor Nadig 1961
No full text<i>Roeseliana azami minor</i> Nadig, 1961 <p>Figs. 2a, 2c, 2e, 2f, 3b, 3c, 5c, 5d, 5h, 5g, 5l, 7b, 7c, 7d, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 11, 22e, 22f, 22g, 23e, 23f, 24e, 24f</p> <p> Nadig, 1961. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Gesellsch, 34: 286 (<i>Roeseliana azami minor</i>); type locality and depository: Switzerland, Ticino, Piano Scairolo (MHNG, Geneva).</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b>. Switzerland, Ticino, Piano Scairolo (holotypus ♁) (MHNG); Italy, Lombardy, Adda river, South Olginate 14.VII.1960, A. Nadig (1♁, 1♀) (MfN); same data (1♁, 1♀) (NMP); Italy, Piedmont, Biella, Zumaglia (Ponte Rio) 10–16.VIII.1973, F. Capra (12♁, 24♀); Italy, Lombardy, Crema 11–12.VIII.1954, F. Capra & B. Baccetti (2♁, 2♀); Italy, Lombardy, surr. Pavia 5.VIII.1954, G. Domenichini (1♁); Italy, Lombardy, San Donato (Lodi) 21.VII.1950, G. Domenichini (1♁, 3♀); Italy, Lombardy, surr. Milano 1948, G. Domenichini (1♀); Italy, Lombardy, Arcisate (Varese) IX.1955, D. Guiglia (1♁, 1♀) (MSNG); Switzerland, Ticino Valley, Piano Scairolo 16.VI.1960, A Nadig (1♁, 1♀ paratypes); Italy, Piedmont, Leinì (Torino) IX.1972, G. Osella (2♀); Italy, Piedmont, Lombardore (Torino) 15.VIII.1970, G. Osella (1♀); Italy, Piedmont, Foglizzo (Torino) 28.VIII.1958 (1♀); Italy, Lombardy, Chignola Po, S. Colombano al Lambro (Lodi) 26.VII.1992 (1♁, 1♀) (MCR, coll. P. Fontana); Italy, Piedmont, Druento Gagliassotto (Torino) 18.VI.2009, P. Savoldelli & C. Segreto (1♁, 2♀); Italy, Piedmont, Pessinetto (Torino) 12.VII.2007, P. Savoldelli (1♀ holopterous) (PSPC); Italy, Lombardy, Ticino River, Linarolo, Ponte della Becca (Pavia) 16.VIII.2011, P. Fontana & P. Tirello (1♁, 3♀); same data 10.VIII.2016, R. Scherini (2♁, 3♀, of which 1 holopterous); Italy, Lombardy, Linarolo, Ospedaletto (Pavia) 9.VIII.2016, R. Scherini (3♁, 1♀) (BMPC); Italy, Lombardy, Torricella del Pizzo, Argine Maestro (Cremona) 3.VI.2020, F. Leandri (2♁, 1♁ holopterous, 1♀); Italy, Lombardy, San Daniele Po (Cremona) 15.VI.2020, F. Leandri (1♀); Italy, Lombardy, Motta Baluffi (Cremona) 5.VI.2020, F. Leandri (1♁); Italy, Lombardy, Castel Nuovo Bocca d’Adda, Golena del Po 5.VI.2019, F. Leandri (1♁, 1♀); Italy, Lombardy, Milan Baggio, Cava Ongari 23.VI.2020, F. Leandri (1♀); Italy, Lombardy, Gussola, Golena del Po (Cremona) 7.VIII.2021, F. Leandri (1♁) (coll. Leandri); Italy, Lombardy, Casanova del Morbasco (Cremona), 18.VI.2011, M. Bardiani (1♀) (coll. Bardiani); Italy, Lombardy, Rivalta sul Mincio, Rodigo (Mantova) 5.VIII.2021, M. Bardiani (1♁) (coll. Bardiani); Italy, Lombardy, Bosco Fontana, Marmirolo (Mantova) 26.VII.2019 (1♀), 2.VIII.2019 (1♁), 15.VI.2021 (1♁), M. Bardiani (CNBFVR); Italy, Lombardy, Riserva Naturale Le Bine, Acquanegra sul Chiese, 25.VI.2020, M. Bardiani & F. Leandri (1♁) (coll. Bardiani); Italy, Lombardy, Acquanegra sul Chiese, Valli di Mosio (Mantova) 10.VII.2020, M. Bardiani (1♁) (coll. Bardiani); Italy, Lombardy, Marcaria, Riserva Naturale Torbiere di Marcaria (Mantova) 17.VIII.2019, M. Bardiani (1♀ photographed), 23.VII.2020, M. Bardiani (1♁, 1♀ photographed); Italy, Lombardy, Marcaria, San Michele in Bosco (Mantova) 12.VI.2020, M. Bardiani (1♀) (coll. Bardiani); Italy, Piedmont, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Trontano, bivacco Alpe Mottac (1665m) 9.VIII.2022, M. Bardiani (1♁, 1♁ holopterous, 1♀); Italy, Piedmont, Santa Maria Maggiore, Alpe Vald di sopra (1385m) 10.VIII.2022, M. Bardiani (1♀); Italy, Piedmont, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Trontano, bivacco Alpe in La Piana (960 m) 8.VIII.2022, M. Bardiani (1♁); Italy, Liguria, Lago Agoraie di Mezzo, turbary, 1327 m, 20.VIII.2008, M. Bardiani, P. Cornacchia, P. Dallatana, S. Hardersen, G. Nardi (1♁) (CNBFVR); Italy, Lombardy, Chignola Po, S. Colombano al Lambro (Lodi) 27.VIII.1992 (3♀); Italy, Piedmont, Biella, Zumaglia 16.VIII.1963, F. Capra (1♁, 1♀) (MSNM); Italy, Lombardy, Passo Penice, between provinces of Pavia and Piacenza, 1150 m, 19.VIII.2017 (1♁, 1♀ photographed by R. Scherini); Italy, Lombardy, Motta Visconti (Milan) 7.VII.2018 (1♁, 1♀ photographed by R. Scherini); Italy, Lombardy, Riserva naturale Le Bine, Acquanegra sul Chiese (Mantova), 30 m s.l.m. 13.VI.2021 (7♁, 5♀), E. Rivalta (coll. E. Rivalta, Bologna).</p> <p> <b>Material examined from previous unknown populations</b>. Italy, Tuscany, Lake Accesa (Massa Marittima) 6.VIII.2014, P. Fontana (2♁); same data 7.VII.2016, P. Fontana (12♁, 2♀) (BMPC). Italy, Marche, Serravalle Di Chienti, P.no Colfiorito (Macerata) (758 m) 14–18.VIII.2009, G. Carotti (4♁, 6♀, of which 1 holopterous) (1♁, 1♀ in MCR, coll. F. Buzzetti, others in GCPC); Italy, Marche, Sefro (Macerata), Piano Montelago, Fonte Vino (900 m) 19–20.VII.2009, G. Carotti (3♁, 2♀) (GCPC); Italy, Emilia Romagna, Mirandola, loc. Mortizzuolo 10– 12.VI.2019 and 23.VI.2019, B. Massa, D. Campobello, M. Esposito (2♁, 1♁ holopterous, 1♀) (BMPC).</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. <i>R. azami minor</i> and <i>R. azami</i> are characterized by cut female subgenital plate. Nadig (1961) described it as subspecies of <i>R. azami</i>, followed by Harz (1969), Fontana <i>et al.</i> (2002), Coray (2004) and Massa <i>et al.</i> (2012). Others (Ĝtz 1969, Canestrelli 1981, Nadig 1987, Coray & Thorens 2001, Roesti & Keist 2009) have considered it a subspecies of <i>R. fedtschenkoi</i>, while differences are evident in the comparative descriptions of both taxa. More recently, Iorio <i>et al.</i> (2019) listed it as a valid species.</p> <p> This taxon is brachypterous, but some rare fully-winged males and females may be found (Table 2). Male titillators are similar to those of <i>R. azami</i>, but they appear slender and more curved; the female subgenital plate differs very little from that of <i>R. azami</i>. In addition, biometrical differences allow to separate it from <i>R. azami</i> (see paragraph on biometrics).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Domenichini (1955) recorded ‘ <i>Metrioptera azami</i> ’ (certainly referring to <i>R. azami minor</i>) in aquatic meadows between Sesia and Oglio rivers (Lombardy, Italy) and considered it widespread in Lombardy and Piedmont. In addition, he wrote that the specimens of <i>M. roeselii</i> quoted by Griffini (1893) from Paludi di Stura, Avigliana, Boves and Torino had also to be referred to ‘ <i>Metrioptera azami</i> ’ (see also Galvagni 2001); records of <i>Platycleis roeselii</i> by Bezzi (1891) from Pavia certainly have to be referred to <i>R. azami minor</i>. Ĝtz (1969) pointed out that this taxon lives in valleys with rivers. Nadig (1961, 1987, 1991) recorded it from Piedmont and Lombardy (Italy). Some Piedmont and Lombardy localities are reported by Fontana <i>et al.</i> (2002). Bardiani & Buzzetti (2010) recorded <i>R. azami</i> from Liguria, but likely it belongs to <i>R. azami minor</i>; indeed, some findings from Liguria, Piedmont and Aosta Valley are reported by Sindaco <i>et al.</i> (2012). Its habitats are humid zones as well uncultivated meadows. See also Tables 2 and 4.</p> <p> <b>Remarks on Italian populations from Northern Italy, Marche and Tuscany</b>. These populations show some morphological and biometrical differences from each other, but very probably other populations live in intermediate regions.</p> <p> <b>Northern Italy population (Lombardy, Piedmont and Emilia Romagna)</b>. Males of this population have only small spines at the apex of titillators and the female subgenital plate is similar to that of <i>R. brunneri</i>. The locality where this population was found lies ca. 100 kms far from the nearest site of <i>R. brunneri</i>, 214 from that of <i>Roeseliana</i> of Tuscany, 242 from that of <i>Roeseliana</i> of Marche, and ca. 50 from Lombardy known sites of <i>R. azami minor</i>.</p> <p> <b>Marche population</b>. Like the case of the population of Tuscany, that of Marche has male titillators similar to those of <i>R. brunneri</i> (but with more numerous spines), while the female subgenital plate is very similar to that of <i>R. azami minor</i>. Only one fully-winged female has been found to the present. Also, biometrics show differences of this population from the above cited taxa. Localities where this taxon was found are ca. 230 kms far from the nearest site of <i>R. brunneri</i>, 160 from that of <i>Roeseliana</i> of Tuscany, and ca. 290 from sites of <i>R. azami minor</i> of Lombardy.</p> <p> <b>Tuscany population</b>. Male titillators have spines from their base to the apex, similarly to <i>R. brunneri</i>, but the female subgenital plate is similar to that of <i>R. azami minor</i>. Biometrics show some differences from other populations, very probably depending on their isolation. Actually, the Tuscany population is known only from Lake Accesa, ca. 160 kms from the site of <i>Roeseliana</i> in Marche region, and ca. 230 kms from the nearest site of <i>R. azami minor</i> of Lombardy.</p>Published as part of <i>Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3)</i> on pages 364-365, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7859886">http://zenodo.org/record/7859886</a>
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Perspective of Health Service Management Master Students about Methods of Holding Clerkship and Internship Courses: A Qualitative Study
No full textIntroduction: Clerkship and internship courses are very important in health service management education. Due to weaknesses in holding of these courses in last few years, the aim of this study is to explore the viewpoints of Iranian master students in health service management about methods of implementing clerkship and internship courses.
Methods: In this qualitative study with phenomenological methodology, using purposive sampling method 9 people of health services management students from 7 medical sciences universies including: Tehran (1 person), Tabriz (1 person), Kerman (1 person), Esfahan (1 person), Shiraz (1 person), Gazvin (2 persons) and Azad university (2 persons) that 4 people were male and 5 of them were female selected. data were collected using focus group discussion and semi- structured interviews, conducted in2012 through open- ended questionnaire and were analyzed using Content- Analysis methods.
Results: Findings resulted in 4 main themes and 20 sub themes. The main themes included: teaching methods, evaluation, strength and weakness points. Sub themes for teaching methods included: briefings, holding timetable, having lesson plan, tasks and activities. Sub themes for evaluation included: reporting, researching, and assignment and assessments by hospital authorities. Participants had complained about evaluation methods. About strength points, participants referred to focus on applicable subjects and its research- based nature. Sub- themes for weaknesses included: high working load, poor supervision, problems in coordination with hospitals, absence of curriculum authorities, and lack of familiarity of centers’ or field’s staff with topics in health services management
Conclusion: According to the results of this study to improve health service nanagment clerkship and internship courses, revising of evaluation methods in of these courses, improving coordination with hospitals and more familiarity of hospitals personnels with health service management are essential
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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