442 research outputs found
Recent Advances in Sugarcane Industry Solid By-Products Valorization
No full textSugarcane is among the leading agricultural crop cultivated in tropical regions of the world. Industrial processing of sugarcane generates sugar; as well as various solid wastes (i.e. sugarcane bagasse, pressmud). Improvement of biotechnology in industrial level, offers opportunities for economic utilization of these solid residues. In the last few decades, sugarcane bagasse and pressmud have been explored in the theme of lignocellulosic bioconversion. The recalcitrance of biomass is a major drawback towards successful exploitation of lignocellulosic residues. Pretreatment by suitable/efficient processes can overcome this limitation. In this regards; physical, chemical and biological treatment systems are brought into our perspective. Chemical and physicochemical methods are capital-intensive but not environment-friendly, in contrast, method like biological treatment is eco-friendly but extremely slow. There are still major technological and economic challenges need to be addressed; e.g. bioprospecting, established more reliable genetically modified microorganisms, upgrade gene cloning and sequencing processes, yield improvement at large scale etc. Productions of value-added products from these solid wastes are discussed in such a way that pinpoints the most recent trends and the future directions. Biofuels, enzymes, organic acids and bio-sorbents production draw a clear sketch of the current and future bio-based products. Nano-biotechnology and genetic engineering could be future trends to improved processes and products. This review serves as a valuable reference material for a wide range of scientists and technologists in the relevant fields
Effetto della fertilizzazione con acidi umici o composti inorganici sulla disponibilità dell'arsenico nel suolo e suo assorbimento da parte di piante di carota (Daucus carota L.) irrigate con acque contaminate
No full textArsenite removal from contaminated waters by low-cost synthetic sorbents (Layered Double Hydroxides)
No full textLead, chromium and copper removal by orchard pruning derived biochar from aqueous mono- and multi-contaminated systems
No full textAdsorbimento competitivo di cromo (Cr), piombo (Pb) e rame (Cu) su biochar derivante da residui di potatura di frutteti
No full textSugarcane bagasse: a potential low-cost biosorbent for the removal of hazardous materials
No full textThe contamination of surface water sources by organic and inorganic pollutants is a major concern in rapidly industrializing countries, and the removal of these potentially hazardous contaminants from the aquatic environment using environmentally friendly technologies is therefore crucial. Biosorption, the passive binding of pollutants using dead biomass, can be achieved using various low-cost agro-industrial residues, which are a convenient substitute to the existing technologies for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions. This review deals with the implementation of sugarcane bagasse as a cost-effective natural biosorbent. We have extensively reviewed the status of research into sugarcane bagasse-based biosorbents in raw and modified forms and explore their efficacy in the removal of pollutants. For this purpose, we considered the bagasse modification processes, modifying agents, and the effects of different experimental variables (for example, biosorbent dosage, initial pollutant ion concentration, solution pH and temperature, contact time, and adsorbent particle size) on the adsorption process and potential. Moreover, we propose the following important goals for future research: (1) determine the adsorption potential of sugarcane bagasse at pilot and industrial scales, (2) demonstrate the efficacies of biosorption techniques for real effluents, and (3) conduct a molecular modeling study to elucidate sugarcane bagasse-associated adsorption mechanism(s)
Effect of competing ligands on the sorption/desorption of arsenite on/from Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides (Mg-Fe-LDH)
No full textLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) show excellent capacity to sorb and exchange anions. Although arsenic (As) has a high affinity for sorbents containing Fe, only few studies have been carried out on the sorption of arsenite [As(III)] onto a Fe-based LDH. In this work we studied the sorption of As(III) onto a LDH containing Mg and Fe (Mg-Fe-LDH), as affected by: (i) pH; (ii) the presence of increasing concentrations of organic [citrate (CIT) and oxalate (OX)] and inorganic [phosphate (PO4), selenite (SeO3) and sulphate (SO4)] ligands, (iii) the effect of residence time on the desorption of As(III) by these ligands, and; (iv) the kinetics of desorption of As(III) by PO4.The As(III) sorption isotherms, carried out at different pHs, indicated a good affinity of the harmful oxyanion for the sorption sites of the Mg-Fe-LDH. This material was able to remove efficiently As(III) from contaminated solutions over a wide range of pH, but more in acidic than in alkaline systems. Competing ligands differently prevented the As(III) sorption on Mg-Fe-LDH, according to the following order: SO4<OX<<SeO3<CIT<PO4. The desorption of As(III) by these anions decreased with increasing As(III) residence time on LDH surfaces. A comparison between the sorption/desorption of As(III) and As(V) on/from Mg-Fe-LDH in the presence or absence of anions highlights that less As(III) than As(V) is sorbed, whereas more As(III) than As(V) is desorbed by all the selected organic and inorganic ligands, but PO4
Trichoderma spp. alleviate phytotoxicity in lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) irrigated with arsenic-contaminated water
No full textThe influence of two strains of Trichoderma (T. harzianum strain T22 and T. atroviride strain P1) on the growth of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) irrigated with As-contaminated water, and their effect on the uptake and accumulation of the contaminant in the plant roots and leaves, were studied. Accumulation of this non-essential element occurred mainly into the root system and reduced both biomass development and net photosynthesis rate (while altering the plant P status). Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) of both Trichoderma species alleviated, at least in part, the phytotoxicity of As, essentially by decreasing its accumulation in the tissues and enhancing plant growth, P status and net photosynthesis rate. Our results indicate that inoculation of lettuce with selected Trichoderma strains may be helpful, beside the classical biocontrol application, in alleviating abiotic stresses such as that caused by irrigation with As-contaminated water, and in reducing the concentration of this metalloid in the edible part of the plant
Influenza del Trichoderma harzianum (T22) e T. atroviride (P1) sull’assimilazione di arsenico in piante di lattuga (Lactuca sativa L.), irrigate con soluzioni contaminate
No full textExpressing the voice of youth through creative writing: journey through ‘The Misfits' / Danish Iskandar Baidrul Shahri and Nursyaidatul Kamar Md Shah
No full textThe author explores his experience as youth through his involvement in the Creative Writing subjects, a sequence of subjects offered under LG120 – Diploma in English for Professional Communication in a local university into becoming a Malaysian theatrical scriptwriter. For two and a half years, or five semesters, students of the program registered for writing courses, where they were required to write, share and perform stories based on their own inspiration and realities. Through the script entitled ‘The Misfits’, this paper highlights the possibilities that exist when the institution makes spaces with and for youths to utilize composing as an instrument to express themselves and voicing out their thoughts creatively. In addition, the author emphasizes how creative writing courses offered supported youths in raising their collective awareness of issues present in their lives while fighting to create their place in the world. Finally, suggestions in the implementation of the course, particularly creative writing are discussed for future improvement and reference
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