1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Concordância nominal variável na produção infantil: dados naturalísticos, experimentais e caracterização formal
No full textThis thesis investigates the variable realization of nominal agreement ( redundant X non-redundant) in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) and aims to propose a formalization for the phenomenon based on data produced by adults and children. In empirical terms, based on the articulation between spontaneous longitudinal data and experimental methodology, our study explores: (i) the possible effects of phonic salience on adult and child production of the nominal agreement patterns; (ii) the role of extralinguistic aspects, such as level of education, age and origin of the speaker in the alternation between such patterns and (iii) the relationship between the alternation of the patterns and a set of structural and morphological aspects such as, the configuration of the structure, the nature of the phrase head, the morphology of numerals, etc. In theoretical terms, we aim at providing a formal account for the alternation of plural marking patterns identified in the data, combining the theoretical framework provided by the Minimalist Program (CHOMSKY, 1993, 1995, 1999) and the 4M Model (MYERS-SCOTTON; JAKE, 2000a). Regarding naturalistic data, the results obtained from three corpora are reported, comprising the spontaneous production of children in contexts of interaction with their primary caregivers or with their teacher. Regarding experimental data, the results of a study conducted with BP-speaking children and adults are reported. Concerning the phonic salience of the nouns, the naturalistic and experimental results are not compatible with a significant effect of this variable. Regarding the production of redundant and non-redundant plural phrases by children and adults, it was observed that in the spontaneous production data, the behavior of children seems to reflect the pattern registered in adult speech. The results of the experimental study, in turn, indicate crucial differences between adult and child production. Issues associated with the nature of the communicative situation in each case may explain the differences. In theoretical terms, the results obtained both through naturalistic and experimental methodology and the resulting interpretation are compatible with the an approach formutaled in the context of the 4-M Theory to explain the phenomenon of variable number agreement in BP. We claim that nonredundant agreement is licensed by the type of morpheme involved and its features, as well as the relationships they establish in the Agree system(CHOMSKY, 1999, 2001). More specifically, we propose that the number morpheme in the determiner is an early system morpheme, and the number morpheme in the noun and adjective is a late system morpheme. In line with the Agree system, we propose that the former are valued and interpretable and that the later correspond to unvalued and uninterpretable features. Based on this reasoning, we propose – according to Frampton and Guttman’s (2000) system, and the proposal of Pesetsky and Torrego (2007) – that the agreement mechanism actually involves features sharing.Esta tese investiga a realização variável da concordância nominal (redundante X não redundante) no português brasileiro (PB) e visa a propor uma formalização para o fenômeno a partir de dados de produção de adultos e de crianças. Em termos empíricos, com base na articulação de dados longitudinais espontâneos e metodologia experimental, nosso estudo explora: (i) possíveis efeitos da variável saliência fônica (SF) na produção adulta e infantil dos padrões de concordância nominal; (ii) a atuação de aspectos de natureza extralinguística, tais como grau de escolarização, faixa etária e origem do falante na alternância entre tais padrões e (iii) a relação entre a alternância dos padrões de marcação e um conjunto de aspectos estruturais e morfofonológicos tais como a configuração da estrutura, a natureza do núcleo do sintagma, a morfofonologia dos numerais presentes no sintagma, etc. Em termos teóricos, buscamos fornecer uma caracterização formal para a alternância de padrões de marcação de plural identificados nos dados coletados, aliando o arcabouço teórico fornecido pelo Programa Minimalista (CHOMSKY, 1993, 1995, 1999) e a Teoria dos 4M (MYERS-SCOTTON; JAKE, 2000a). Em relação aos dados naturalísticos, são relatados os resultados obtidos a partir da análise de três corpora, compreendendo a produção espontânea de crianças em contextos de interação com seus cuidadores primários ou com a professora. Em relação aos dados experimentais, são reportados os resultados de um estudo conduzido com crianças e adultos falantes do PB. Quanto à saliência fônica dos nomes, os resultados naturalísticos e experimentais não se mostram compatíveis com uma atuação significativa dessa variável. No que tange à produção de sintagmas plurais redundantes e não redundantes por crianças e adultos, observou-se que nos dados de produção espontânea, o comportamento das crianças parece refletir o padrão registrado na fala adulta. Os resultados do estudo experimental, por sua vez, indicam diferenças importantes entre a produção adulta e infantil. Questões associadas à natureza da situação comunicativa em cada caso podem explicar as diferenças observadas. Em termos teóricos, os resultados obtidos tanto por meio de metodologia naturalística quanto experimental e a interpretação deles decorrentes são compatíveis com uma abordagem formulada no contexto da Teoria dos 4M para explicar o fenômeno da concordância variável de número no PB. Propomos que a concordância não redundante é licenciada pelo tipo de morfema envolvido, sua constituição de traços, bem como pelas relações que eles estabelecem no sistema de Agree (CHOMSKY, 1999, 2004). Mais especificamente, propomos que o morfema de número no determinante seja do tipo sistêmico precoce e o morfema de número no nome e adjetivo do tipo sistêmico tardio. Nos moldes do sistema de Agree, propomos que os primeiros sejam valorados e interpretáveis e que os últimos correspondam a traços não valorados e não interpretáveis. A partir desse raciocínio, defendemos – com base no sistema de Frampton e Guttman (2000) e na proposta de Pesetsky e Torrego (2007) – que o mecanismo de concordância envolve, na verdade, compartilhamento de traços
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Variação e processamento linguístico: um estudo experimental sobre a concordância nominal variável no PB
Get PDFThis dissertation investigates the cognitive dimension of linguistic variation grounded
on an empirical study about the processing of variable nominal agreement in Brazilian
Portuguese. It focuses, specifically, on adult processing of the variable number
agreement in the domain of the DP from a psycholinguistic point of view. To do so, we
started from results presented in literature from studies conducted – mostly – in a
sociolinguistic perspective. As theoretical and methodological foundation, this study
conciliates the assumptions of the empirical psycholinguistics and is theoretically
grounded in the language conception of minimalist version of Generative Theory. We
assumed the hypotheses that there is a correlation between the presence of overt plural
markers in the items within the DP and the processing cost of variable agreement during
comprehension. Furthermore, we took into account that, in a cognitive sense, the
influence of linguistic – specifically, phonic salience – and nonlinguistic constraints –
in particular, level of education – can be relevant for the variation observed in the
realization of number agreement in BP, as it has been suggested by sociolinguistic
studies. The possible correlation between these two constraints and the linguistics
processing of the variation was investigated. We present the results of two experiments
conducted with BP adult speakers – the first one, conducted by means of a self-paced
listening task, and the second one, using an elicited production by repetition task –
which, taken as a whole, seem to be compatible with the idea that the two general rules
of number agreement would be processed differently. The variable phonic salience, in
turn, did not reveal a significant influence, contrary to the previous hypothesis.Esta dissertação investiga a dimensão cognitiva da variação linguística a partir de um
estudo experimental sobre o processamento da concordância nominal variável no
português brasileiro. Focaliza, em particular, o processamento adulto da concordância
variável de número no domínio do sintagma determinante numa perspectiva
psicolinguística. Para tal, partimos de resultados reportados na literatura a partir de
estudos conduzidos – em sua maioria – numa perspectiva sociolinguística. Como
fundamentação teórica e metodológica, a dissertação concilia os pressupostos da
psicolinguística experimental e o arcabouço teórico relativo à concepção de língua
veiculada na versão minimalista da Teoria Gerativa. As hipóteses de trabalho que
nortearam nosso estudo foram as de que, de um lado, há uma correlação entre a
presença/ausência de marcas explícitas de plural nos itens que compõem o DP e o custo
de processamento da concordância variável na compreensão. Do outro lado, considerouse
que, em termos cognitivos, a atuação e interação de fatores linguísticos –
especificamente, a denominada saliência fônica – e extralinguísticos – em particular,
nível de escolaridade – podem ser relevantes para regular a variação observada na
realização de concordância de número no PB, tal como tem sido proposto em pesquisas
fundamentadas na Sociolinguística Variacionista. A possível atuação desses dois fatores
no processamento foi investigada. São relatados os resultados de dois experimentos
conduzidos com falantes adultos do PB – o primeiro, de escuta automonitorada, e o
segundo, de produção eliciada por repetição – que, tomados em conjunto, são
compatíveis com a hipótese acerca de um processamento diferenciado das duas regras
para a realização de concordância. Em contrapartida, a atuação da saliência fônica não
se mostrou relevante para a ocorrência do fenômeno em questão, contrariando assim, a
hipótese inicial.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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