1,724,697 research outputs found
Knowledge management and capacity building in the IPMS project
No full textAzage Tegegne introduces how the IPMS project at ILRI uses knowledge management and capacity building. He was speaking at the IPMS experience-sharing workshop on Market-Oriented Smallholder Development in Ethiopia, 2-3 June 2011 in Addis Ababa
The value chain aproach of the IPMS project in Ethiopia
No full textAzage Tegegne introduces how the IPMS project at ILRI uses the value chain approach to increase market opportunities for Ethiopian farmers. He was speaking at the IPMS experience-sharing workshop on Market-Oriented Smallholder Development in Ethiopia, 2-3 June 2011 in Addis Ababa
Testing equality: insanity, treatment refusal and the CRPD
No full textThe Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is considered to be a radical international treaty that affords persons with disability recognition and protection of equal rights in socio-cultural, political, medical and legal arenas. Drawing from the Convention's core principles of equality and non-discrimination, the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Convention's Committee have called for a replacement of the insanity defence with a disability-neutral doctrine. The rationale is that retaining this special defence is, in itself, discriminatory, given its function is necessarily based on the presence of mental disability and the assumption that such disabilities impair capacity and reasoning. This article interrogates the rationale behind ‘abolitionist’ views, and asks whether equality necessarily means treating all persons identically regardless of capacity to reason about conduct.</p
Legal narratives as significant news sources about mental illness and violent crime
No full textMedia coverage about people affected by mental illness is an area of research that is extensively examined. Many scholars argue that the media depicts people with mental illness as inherently violent and dangerous within sensational narratives. These depictions are criticized for reinforcing the social stigma and disadvantages many of the mentally ill face. The media does, however, require news sources and, in the context of crime and mental illness, the courts are a significant source. Through qualitative content analysis of Australian newspaper articles, this research examines an under-researched and incompletely theorized area. In doing so, it demonstrates that media depictions of some mentally ill offenders reflect and heavily draw upon legal narratives and what is argued in court about these offenders in the context of criminal responsibility and legal insanity
Topology of spin meron pairs in coupled Ni/Fe/Co/Cu(001) disks
No full textThe meron is a special topological object that carries only one-half of the topological charge unit. In condensed matter physics, a spin meron corresponds to one-half of a spin skyrmion. As compared to the many fascinating topological properties of skyrmion materials, little is known of the properties of spin merons especially about their formation. It was confirmed only recently that hedgehog merons could exist in pairs with opposite helicities via a spin flux closure. However, it is unclear whether a single hedgehog meron could ever exist by pairing with another type of meron. Using element-resolved magnetic imaging measurements on epitaxial trilayer disks, we show that a spin meron with a full range of helicity, including the hedgehog meron, can be stabilized by pairing with another vortex meron with a fine tuning of the magnetic coupling between the two merons. Furthermore, the meron divergence is fully controlled by the polarity of the vortex meron, independent of the vortex helicity.National Science Foundation [DMR-1504568]; Future Materials Discovery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2015M3D1A1070467]; Science Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2015R1A5A1009962]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]SCI(E)[email protected]
Meron ground states of quantum Hall droplets
No full textWe argue that topological meron excitations, which are in a strong coupling phase ͑bound in pairs͒ in infinite quantum Hall ferromagnets, become deconfined in finite-size quantum Hall systems. Although effectively for larger systems meron energy grows with the size of the system, when gyromagnetic ratio is small meron becomes the lowest-lying state of a quantum Hall droplet. This comes as a consequence of the many-body correlations built in the meron construction that minimize the interaction energy. We demonstrate this by using mean-field ansatzes for meron wave function. The ansatzes will enable us to consider much larger system sizes than in the previous work ͓A. Petković and M. V. Milovanović, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 066808 ͑2007͔͒, where fractionalization into merons was introduced
Homeland and its use of bipolar disorder for sensationalist and dramatic effect
No full textWhen a lead character in a critically acclaimed and award-winning television programme is depicted as a proficient and meticulous heroine with a mental disorder, it is crucial to examine if this reflects a change in the media depiction of people with mental illness. This article employs framing analysis to examine the portrayal of lead CIA agent with bipolar disorder, Carrie Mathison, in Homeland. Although the show did initially associate competence, intellect and astuteness to this character, as it progressed, the framing decisions used for dramatic and sensational purposes ultimately presented Mathison within the usual stereotypical depictions: as impulsive, irrational, unpredictable, unstable, dangerous and disordered. Given the popularity of the show, responsible depictions should take priority over dramatic effect at the expense of a character with mental illness because sufferers may be deterred in speaking about their illness and seeking appropriate treatment if such negative themes persist.</p
Depressed but not legally mentally impaired
No full textThis article examines the mental impairment (insanity) defense in the Australian state of Victoria and argues that the defense is successful only when offenders suffer from psychotic mental illnesses. This raises the question about how non-psychotic offenders are dealt with by the courts when they claim ‘mental impairment’ for serious acts of violence such as homicide, particularly when a relatively large number of perpetrators involved in homicide suffer from non-psychotic illnesses like depression. The analysis shows that depressive illnesses do not reach the threshold for mental impairment (legal insanity) such that they mitigate violent criminal behavior, although they can, arguably, diminish culpability. This article draws upon existing literature, qualitative analysis of two court cases and semi-structured interviews with four legal representatives to make its conclusion
Evaluating predominant causes of insanity in cases of drug-induced psychoses
No full textThe insanity defense operates on the basis that individuals who do not have the capacity to understand the consequences or wrongness of their action should not be held criminally responsible because there is a defect of reason. The defect must arise from a ‘disease of mind’ having internal causes. This raises questions about the way the law deals with externally caused defects of reason—such as drug-induced psychoses—because it depends on whether voluntary intoxication caused acute psychosis and ensuing insanity directly linked to voluntary intoxication; triggered or exacerbated an existing psychotic mental illness; or triggered a psychotic illness that was fixed and permanent due to chronic substance abuse but is independent of acute intoxication: a case of ‘settled insanity.’ The latter two conditions can form a sufficient basis for the defense. But can cognitive impairments arising from mental disorders be distinguished from those arising from substance abuse disorders? How are such distinctions made? This article uses an Australian case to illuminate the nuanced operations of the defense because a verdict of ‘not guilty because of mental impairment’ was reached even though the defendant had no prior history of mental illness and had consumed cocaine and methamphetamine prior to his killings. Evaluators should consider the predominant rather than precise cause of insanity in cases in which voluntary intoxication and mental illness are pertinent issues for the purposes of the defense
Nilai budaya dan fungsi tradisi meron di desa sukolilo pati
No full textTradisi Meron yang kaya nilai budaya dan fungsinya bagi masyarakat pemiliknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai budaya dan fungsi tradisi Meron di desa Sukolilo Pati. Peneliti menggali lebih dalam tentang nilai budaya, fungsi tradisi dan prosesi pelaksanaan tradisi Meron
Tradisi adalah warisan leluhur yang dilestarikan dari generasi ke generasi. Tradisi Meron adalah tradisi warisan leluhur yang dilaksanakan ketika Mualid Nabi Muhammad SAW oleh masyarakat desa Sukolilo. Meron yang berarti “ramene tiron-tiron” (meniru ramainya) karena merupakan tiruan tradisi Sekaten di Yogyakarta.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan resepsi sastra. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah perangkat desa, sesepuh desa, dan masyarakat desa Sukolilo yang mengetahui tentang tradisi Meron. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara, rekam, catat, dokumentasi foto, dan transkripsi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi data.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai budaya pada tradisi Meron di Desa Sukolilo Pati memiliki lima nilai budaya, yakni (1) nilai budaya dalam hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, (2) nilai budaya dalam hubungan manusia dengan alam, (3) nilai budaya dalam hubungan manusia dengan masyarakat, (4) nilai budaya dalam hubungan manusia dengan manusia atau sesamanya, (5) nilai budaya alam hubungan manusia dengan dirinya sendiri. Tradisi Meron di desa Sukolilo Pati memiliki empat fungsi yakni (1) sebagai kebajikan turun temurun, (2) memberikan konsep pandangan hidup, (3) penyedia simbol identitas, (4) sebagai tempat pelarian.
Saran yang berkaitan dengan hasil penelitian yakni (1) bagi mahasiswa, peneliti di bidang sastra khususnya tradisi sebaiknya lebih diperhatikan lagi. Tumbuhkan jiwa merawat dan melestarikan kebudayaan sebagai harta warisan leluhur yang berharga, (2) bagi perangkat desa Sukolilo, lebih merawat arsip-arsip dan mengembang publikasi tradisi Meron sehingga tradisi Meron bisa lebih dimaknai dengan benar, tidak sekadar sebagai tradisi rutinan saja, (3) bagi masyarakat, tradisi Meron di Desa Sukolilo Kecamatan Sukolilo Kabupaten Pati memiliki nilai kebajikan yang dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam hidup
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