17 research outputs found
Citicoline protects against lead-induced oxidative injury in neuronal PC12 cells
No full textLead is a major environmental pollutant, which causes serious adverse effects on biological systems and cells. In this study, we examined the effect of citicoline on lead-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. PC12 cells were pre-treated with citicoline and then exposed to lead for 48 h. The effect of citicoline on cell survival was examined by MTT assay. In addition, lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol groups, total antioxidant power (TAP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were also measured by western blot analysis. Citicoline could significantly increase the cell viability of PC12 cells exposed to lead. Treatment of PC12 cells with lead increased LPO, while citicoline effectively decreased LPO. The total thiol groups, and TAP, CAT, SOD, and GSH were significantly increased in citicoline–treated PC12 cells compared to the lead group. Citicoline pretreatment significantly reduced Bax expression and increased the level of Bcl-2 expression. Citicoline also reduced caspase-3 activation in PC12 cells compared to the lead group. Our findings revealed that citicoline exerts a neuroprotective effect against lead-induced injury in PC12 cells through mitigation of oxidative stress and at least in part, through suppression of mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Protective effect of tropisetron on high glucose induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in PC12 cells: roles of JNK, P38 MAPKs, and mitochondria pathway
No full textMyricetin ameliorates high glucose‐induced endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
No full textMelatonin attenuates homocysteine-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
No full textTacrolimus toxicity in organ transplantation: an overview
No full textTacrolimus is a macrolide lactone antibiotic, and acts as a calcineurin inhibitor. It is widely used to prevent organ transplant rejection. It has been approved as first-line treatment after organ transplantation. Tacrolimus has narrow therapeutic range and wide individual variability in its pharmacokinetics. In organ transplantation, immunosuppression is associated with important risks, in particular, related to infections and cardiovascular diseases, which are the predominant causes of death in those with a functioning graft. This review focuses on toxicity of tacrolimus after transplantation. Tacrolimus toxicity is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality in organ recipients after transplantation. Therefore, reducing toxicities has become a priority. To decrease the incidence of side effects, and expand graft survival, the appropriate initial and maintenance dose of tacrolimus is essential. Clinical conditions that influence tacrolimus pharmacokinetics, such as hemorrhage, systemic inflammation and shock, all result in higher variations of tacrolimus concentrations. In addition, unbound plasma concentration is a major important reasonable parameter for monitoring of receiving optimal tacrolimus dosing in the unstable patient. Therefore, the approach of tacrolimus monitoring is vital and will support to avoid tacrolimus toxicity in the early days after transplantation
Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in cattle in Kerman province, South East Iran
No full textProtozoon Neospora caninum je intracelularni parazit koji uzrokuje pobačaje u goveda diljem svijeta. Cilj istraživanja bio je odrediti seroprevalenciju neosporoze u goveda u području Kerman u Jugoistočnom Iranu. Ukupno je sakupljeno i pretraženo 285 uzoraka seruma. Uzorci su bili pretraženi komercijalnim testom N. caninum Iscom ELISA. Protutijela su pronađena u 36 od 285 uzoraka seruma (12,6%). U ovom je istraživanju prvi put dokazana prisutnost invazije vrstom Neospora caninum u pretraživanom području Irana. Seroprevalencija se nije značajno razlikovala s obzirom na podrijetlo pretraženih životinja, njihovu dob i spol (PNeospora caninum is an intracellular parasite which causes abortion in cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cattle in the province of Kerman in South East Iran. Blood samples were collected from 285 cattle in the province of Kerman for determining the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum. A total of 285 serum samples were tested for anti-neospora antibodies. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies against N. caninum antigen using a commercial N. caninum ISCOM ELISA kit. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 36 of the 285 (12.6%) sera based on ELISA test results. This study is the first report of Neospora infection in this area. With regard to seropositivity, no significant difference was observed regarding origin, sex and age (P>0.05)
Radio-frequency exposure of the yellow fever mosquito (A. aegypti) from 2 to 240 GHz
No full textAuthor summary Radio Frequency (RF) exposure of the A. aegypti mosquito can lead to absorption and dielectric heating. We used Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations between 2 and 240 GHz to study the RF power absorbed by the insect and the distribution of the electric field (EF) in and around it. For this, three male and three female mosquito 3D models were constructed from micro-CT scans. We used high resolution models and dielectric properties, both retrieved from real insects, to gain realistic outputs. For increasing frequency up to 90 GHz, the absorbed power increases for all models. At 90-120 GHz, the wavelength is comparable to the body size, and the increase in absorbed powers reaches a maximum. Therefore, moving to higher frequencies in 5G, implies higher absorbed power and possibly higher dielectric heating of the insect. Fifth generation networks (5G) will be associated with a partial shift to higher carrier frequencies, including wavelengths of insects. This may lead to higher absorption of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) by insects and could cause dielectric heating. The yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), a vector for diseases such as yellow and dengue fever, favors warm climates. Being exposed to higher frequency RF EMFs causing possible dielectric heating, could have an influence on behavior, physiology and morphology, and could be a possible factor for introduction of the species in regions where the yellow fever mosquito normally does not appear. In this study, the influence of far field RF exposure on A. aegypti was examined between 2 and 240 GHz. Using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations, the distribution of the electric field in and around the insect and the absorbed RF power were found for six different mosquito models (three male, three female). The 3D models were created from micro-CT scans of real mosquitoes. The dielectric properties used in the simulation were measured from a mixture of homogenized A. aegypti. For a given incident RF power, the absorption increases with increasing frequency between 2 and 90 GHz with a maximum between 90 and 240 GHz. The absorption was maximal in the region where the wavelength matches the size of the mosquito. For a same incident field strength, the power absorption by the mosquito is 16 times higher at 60 GHz than at 6 GHz. The higher absorption of RF power by future technologies can result in dielectric heating and potentially influence the biology of this mosquito.</p
Protective effects of deferoxamine on lead-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
No full textBecause of the numerous industrial applications of lead (Pb), Pb poisoning is an important public health threat in the world particularly in developing and industrialized countries. Oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms of Pb-mediated toxicity. Deferoxamine (DFO) is an iron chelating agent that has recently shown antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. This study investigated the protective capacity of DFO against Pb-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. We used five groups in this study: control, DFO (300 mg/kg), Pb (50 mg/kg), DFO (150 mg/kg) + Pb, DFO (300 mg/kg) + Pb. DFO was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before intraperitoneal injection of Pb for 5 days. After drug treatment, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), and antioxidant enzymes were measured in serum and heart samples. The results showed that pretreatment with DFO reduced Pb-induced oxidative stress markers in serum and cardiac tissues. We found that LDH and LPO levels were significantly increased in Pb-treated rats and decreased with DFO pre-administration. Furthermore, the decreased activities of total antioxidant capacity, and GSH were observed after Pb treatment. However, DFO administration effectively prevented the Pb-induced alterations of these antioxidant enzymes activities. In conclusion, the results presented here indicate that DFO has protective effects in Pb-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, probably due to its antioxidant action and inhibition of oxidative stress. © The Author(s) 2020
Effect of gemfibrozil on cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in male experimental rats
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