1,720,972 research outputs found
Self-supervised Few-Shot Learning for Semantic Segmentation: An Annotation-Free Approach
No full text159171Few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) offers immense potential in the field of medical image analysis, enabling accurate object segmentation with limited training data. However, existing FSS techniques heavily rely on annotated semantic classes, rendering them unsuitable for medical images due to the scarcity of annotations. To address this challenge, multiple contributions are proposed: First, inspired by spectral decomposition methods, the problem of image decomposition is reframed as a graph partitioning task. The eigenvectors of the Laplacian matrix, derived from the feature affinity matrix of self-supervised networks, are analyzed to estimate the distribution of the objects of interest from the support images. Secondly, we propose a novel self-supervised FSS framework that does not rely on any annotation. Instead, it adaptively estimates the query mask by leveraging the eigenvectors obtained from the support images. This approach eliminates the need for manual annotation, making it particularly suitable for medical images with limited annotated data. Thirdly, to further enhance the decoding of the query image based on the information provided by the support image, we introduce a multi-scale large kernel attention module. By selectively emphasizing relevant features and details, this module improves the segmentation process and contributes to better object delineation. Evaluations on both natural and medical image datasets demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our method. Moreover, the proposed approach is characterized by its generality and model-agnostic nature, allowing for seamless integration with various deep architectures. The code is publicly available at GitHub
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
MS-Former: Multi-Scale Self-Guided Transformer for Medical Image Segmentation
No full text680694Multi-scale representations have proven to be a powerful tool since they can take into account both the fine-grained details of objects in an image as well as the broader context. Inspired by this, we propose a novel dual-branch transformer network that operates on two different scales to encode global contextual dependencies while preserving local information. To learn in a self-supervised fashion, our approach considers the semantic dependency that exists between different scales to generate a supervisory signal for inter-scale consistency and also imposes a spatial stability loss within the scale for self-supervised content clustering. While intra-scale and inter-scale consistency losses aim to increase features similarly within the cluster, we propose to include a cross-entropy loss function on top of the clustering score map to effectively model each cluster distribution and increase the decision boundary between clusters. Iteratively our algorithm learns to assign each pixel to a semantically related cluster to produce the segmentation map. Extensive experiments on skin lesion and lung segmentation datasets show the superiority of our method compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches. The implementation code is publicly available at GitHub
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Contextual Attention Network: Transformer Meets U-Net
No full text377386Convolutional neural networks (CNN) (e.g., UNet) have become the de facto standard and attained immense success in medical image segmentation. However, CNN based methods fail to build long-range dependencies and global context connections due to the limited receptive field of the convolution operation. Therefore, Transformer variants have been proposed for medical image segmentation tasks due to their innate capability of capturing long-range correlations through the attention mechanism. However, since Transformers are not designed to capture local information, object boundaries are not well preserved, especially in difficult segmentation scenarios with partly overlapping objects. To address this issue, we propose a contextual attention network that includes a boundary representation on top of the CNN and Transformer features. It utilizes an CNN encoder to capture local semantic information and includes a Transformer module to model the long-range contextual dependency. The object-level representation is included by extracting hierarchical features that are then fed to the contextual attention module to adaptively recalibrate the representation space using local information. In this way, informative regions are emphasized while taking into account the long-range contextual dependency derived by the Transformer module. The results show that our approach is amongst the top performing methods on the skin lesion segmentation benchmark, and specifically shows its strength on the SegPC challenge benchmark which also includes overlapping objects. Implementation code in github
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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