1,720,963 research outputs found
The use of pharmacologic agents and venous thromboembolic outcomes
Get PDFVenous thromboembolism (VTE) which includes pulmonary embolism (PE), or deep venous thrombosis (DVT) poses an important disease burden, however, much remains unknown about the risk factors that cause it. In recent years, more attention has focused on medications that play a role in the development of drug-induced venous thrombosis.
The three studies in this dissertation explore the risk of VTE in relation to the use of specific pharmacologic agents; glucocorticoids, 5ARIs and statins in three distinct patient populations with; asthma, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypercholesterolemia, using different approaches to address the inevitable confounding present in etiologic pharmacoepidemiologic research.
Using a nested case-control design for the first two studies and cohort design for the last, we assessed the risk of VTE in relation to timing of drug exposure, duration of use, number, and dose of prescriptions.
The base populations comprised subjects who received at least one prescription for any of the pharmacologic agents of interest (during 1995–2015 for study 1 and 2 and 1995–2018 for study 3) in the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We used descriptive analyses as well as conditional logistic regression and Poisson regression models to evaluate the relationship between these drugs and the risk of VTE.
Study 1 examined the relationship between glucocorticoid use and venous thromboembolism among asthma patients age 20–59. We found that current and systemic glucocorticoid use was associated with an increased risk of VTE, with a dose-response relationship.
Study 2 explored the relationship between VTE and 5ARI use compared to alpha blocker use among patients, age 40–79, with BPH. We observed that cumulatively high doses of 5ARI+/-AB increases the risk of incident VTE.
In study 3, we examined the relationship between VTE and statin use compared to fibrate use among 40–79-year-old patients with hypercholesterolemia. We observed that statin use decreases the risk of incident VTE.
These three studies in a large population-based database of high quality, efficiently evaluate the safety/unintended benefit of glucocorticoids, 5ARIS and statins, with the hope to guide the development of guidelines for their use in prolonged care of asthma, BPH and hypercholesterolemia, respectively.2023-08-25T00:00:00
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Health-related quality of life in a cohort of 1070 patients with hypoparathyroidism
No full textAbstract Objective To describe clinical and biochemical characteristics, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL), in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism (cHypoPT) who were receiving conventional therapy (calcium and active vitamin D), and to compare baseline HRQoL between patients who subsequently received recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-84) (rhPTH [1-84]) and those who did not. Design Cross-sectional analysis of data recorded at enrollment (baseline) from patients with cHypoPT in the PARADIGHM registry before May 31, 2022. Methods Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years and receiving conventional therapy at enrollment. Health-related quality of life was measured using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP) questionnaire, and the Hypoparathyroidism Symptom Diary (HypoPT-SD). Results Eligible patients (N = 1070) were mostly female (80.7%) and White (86.0%). Surgery was the most common cause of cHypoPT (82.2%). Mean serum albumin-adjusted calcium, phosphate, and calcium–phosphate product levels were within the target ranges. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) SF-36v2 physical and mental component scores were 46.3 (10.2) and 47.6 (11.5), respectively (normative scores: 50). Patients who went on to receive rhPTH (1-84) (n = 102) had significantly worse baseline HRQoL scores than patients in the conventional therapy group (n = 968) for all SF-36v2 and HypoPT-SD parameters and most WPAI parameters. There were no meaningful differences in biochemical parameters between the groups. Conclusions Thirty-six-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 scores in patients with cHypoPT were lower than the normalized values reported previously for the US population. Patients who were subsequently prescribed rhPTH (1-84) had worse baseline HRQoL scores than those in the conventional therapy group
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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