1,720,977 research outputs found
Understanding germination for improved propagation and field establishment of the bioenergy crop Miscanthus
Full text linkBiomass potential via light interception of novel miscanthus hybrids from field trials
No full textNew biomass crop hybrids for bioeconomic expansion require yield projections to determine their potential for strategic land use planning in the face of global challenges. Our biomass growth simulation incorporates radiation interception and conversion efficiency. Models often use leaf area to predict interception which is demanding to determine accurately, so instead, we use low-cost rapid light interception measurements using a simple lab-made line ceptometer and relate the dynamics of canopy closure to thermal time, and to measurements of biomass. We apply the model to project the European biomass potentials of new market-ready hybrids for 2020–30. Field measurements are easier to collect, the calibration is seasonally dynamic and reduces influence of weather variation between field sites. The model obtained is conservative, being calibrated by crops of varying establishment and varying maturity on less productive (marginal) land. This results in conservative projections of miscanthus hybrids for 2020-30 based on 10% land use conversion of the least (productive) grassland and arable for farm diversification, which show a European potential of 80.7–89.7 Mt y-1 biomass, with potential for 1.2-1.3 EJ y-1 energy and 36.3–40.3 Mt y-1 carbon capture, with seeded M. sacchariflorus x sinensis displaying highest yield potential. Simulated biomass projections must be viewed in light of the field measurements on less productive land with high soil water deficits. We are attempting to model results from an ambitious and novel project combining new hybrids across Europe with agronomy which has not been perfected on less productive sites. Nevertheless, at a time of energy sourcing issues, seed-propagated miscanthus hybrids for the upscaled provision of bioenergy offer an alternative source of renewable energy. If European countries provide incentives for growers to invest, seeded hybrids can improve product availability and biomass yields over the current commercial miscanthus variety.Excel (.csv files) and ArcGIS coverages (zipped)Funding provided by: Supergen Bioenergy Hub (EPSRC)fellowship*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: EP/S000771/1Funding provided by: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000268Award Number: - Perennial Bioenergy Crops for greenhouse gas removal demonstrator BB/V011553/1Funding provided by: Europe Bio-based Industries Joint Undertaking - GRACE project*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: 745012Funding provided by: UKERC4*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: EP/S029575/1The dataset was collected via
(1) the GRACE field trial for novel miscanthus hybrids (observed standing crop biomass, light interception, harvest yield)
(2) data analysis and modelled extraction of a best-fit curve (light interception)
(3) calibration data and validation data were used in the Bioenergy model MiscanFor (Hastings et al, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2009.01007.x; Shepherd et al, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12671)
The GRACE project contained more sites and more genotypes than the study for this paper, so data for relevant genotypes, years and locations have been extracted, analysed and used for model calibration and validation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Miscanthus sinensis germination images
No full textImages of germination in Miscanthus sinensis seed, under a range of treatments. A set of ~5,000 Miscanthus sinensis seed germinating over 11 days. Photographed using a (Nikon D90) DSLR at a resolution of 4,288 x 2,848 pixels. Each seed image is ~282 x 341 pixels. The seed were sterilised with a low concentration bleach solution (0.5% Sodium Hypochlorite). The seed are from an experiment which treated them with standard plant hormones (gibberellic acid (from 0.15 to 750 ppm), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (from 0.01 to 200 ppm), epibrassinolide (from 0.001 to 2 ppm1) and abscisic acid (from 0.05 to 60 ppm)), or had induced water stresses (NaCl and polyethylene glycol (8000 and 4000 ppm respectively) producing water potentials of up to -4.1 MPa) or they were stratified. These treatments produce a diverse and challenging range of germination phenotypes with which to test image analysis. All images were scored by one person for consistency and the human score of this image set was the only reference point to which the computer score was compared. The time of germination and mold were scored with 9999 used for seed that did not germinate or go moldy. Stem and root measurements were also added on the 11th day
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