93 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-eso-10.1177_23969873211060819 – Supplemental Material for Micro-embolic signal monitoring in stroke subtypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 58 studies
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-eso-10.1177_23969873211060819 for Micro-embolic signal monitoring in stroke subtypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 58 studies by Pachipala Sudheer, Shubham Misra, Manabesh Nath, Pradeep Kumar, Deepti Vibha, M.V.Padma Srivatsava, Manjari Tripathia, Rohit Bhatia, Awadh Kishor Pandit and Rajesh K Singh in European Stroke Journal</p
Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Supratentorial Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treated with and without Surgical Intervention
No full textOriginal Article
Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Supratentorial Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treated with and without Surgical Intervention
Sharma, Agrata*; Agarwal, Ayush*; Garg, Ajay1; Vishnu, Venugopalan Y; Nilima, N2; Bhatia, Rohit; Garg, Divyani; Pandit, Awadh K; Joseph, Leve1; Billa, Srujana; Singh, Manmohan3; Suri, Ashish3; Kale, Shashank S3; Gaikwad, Shailesh B1; Srivastava, MV Padma
Author Information
Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology 28(2):p 220-226, Mar–Apr 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_497_24
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Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Uncertainty still exists regarding the benefit of surgery in the management of supratentorial spontaneous ICH (sICH), especially of the basal ganglia and thalamus. Studies have not shown the clinical benefit of early surgical management compared to best medical management plus delayed surgery, when necessary. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of different neurosurgical interventions with best medical management and best medical management alone.
Methods:
We conducted a single-center, retrospective study at a tertiary care center in India in sICH patients between January 2015 and December 2022. The primary outcome was functional disability evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3, 6, and 12 months. Time-to-event outcomes were compared using the Kaplan–Meier curve.
Results:
Among 2600 stroke patients screened, 661 had sICH. Median age was 55 years, and 250 patients (37.8%) underwent neurosurgical intervention. The most common intervention was craniotomy and hematoma evacuation. The median mRS at discharge and follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months was lower in the conservatively managed group (4, 3, 3, and 3, respectively) compared to the surgical intervention group (5, 5, 5, 4, respectively). However, the ICH score at admission was lower in the conservatively managed group and after adjustment for ICH score, there was no statistically significant difference between the two. Among the interventions, patients undergoing decompression craniectomy had the best functional outcome.
Conclusions:
Neurosurgical intervention was not associated with better functional outcome when compared to conservative management
Surfactant protein D inhibits HIV-1 infection of target cells via interference with gp120-CD4 interaction and modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production
No full text© 2014 Pandit et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Surfactant Protein SP-D, a member of the collectin family, is a pattern recognition protein, secreted by mucosal epithelial cells and has an important role in innate immunity against various pathogens. In this study, we confirm that native human SP-D and a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rhSP-D) bind to gp120 of HIV-1 and significantly inhibit viral replication in vitro in a calcium and dose-dependent manner. We show, for the first time, that SP-D and rhSP-D act as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 entry in to target cells and block the interaction between CD4 and gp120 in a dose-dependent manner. The rhSP-D-mediated inhibition of viral replication was examined using three clinical isolates of HIV-1 and three target cells: Jurkat T cells, U937 monocytic cells and PBMCs. HIV-1 induced cytokine storm in the three target cells was significantly suppressed by rhSP-D. Phosphorylation of key kinases p38, Erk1/2 and AKT, which contribute to HIV-1 induced immune activation, was significantly reduced in vitro in the presence of rhSP-D. Notably, anti-HIV-1 activity of rhSP-D was retained in the presence of biological fluids such as cervico-vaginal lavage and seminal plasma. Our study illustrates the multi-faceted role of human SPD against HIV-1 and potential of rhSP-D for immunotherapy to inhibit viral entry and immune activation in acute HIV infection. © 2014 Pandit et al.The work (Project no. 2011-16850) was supported by Medical Innovation Fund of Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India (www.icmr.nic.in/)
Dielectric spectroscopy in aqueous solutions of paracetamol over the frequency range of 20 Hz to 2 MHz at 293.15 K temperature
No full text
Portable mini-chamber for temperature dependent studies using small angle and wide angle x-ray scattering
No full textThe present work describes the design and performance of a vacuum compatible portable mini chamber for temperature dependent GISAXS and GIWAXS studies of thin films and multilayer structures. The water cooled body of the chamber allows sample annealing up to 900 K using ultra high vacuum compatible (UHV) pyrolytic boron nitride heater, thus making it possible to study the temperature dependent evolution of structure and morphology of two-dimensional nanostructured materials. Due to its light weight and small size, the chamber is portable and can be accommodated at synchrotron facilities worldwide. A systematic illustration of the versatility of the chamber has been demonstrated at beamline P03, PETRA-III, DESY, Hamburg, Germany. Temperature dependent grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) and grazing incidence wide angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) measurements were performed on oblique angle deposited Co/Ag multilayer structure, which jointly revealed that the surface diffusion in Co columns in Co/Ag multilayer enhances by increasing temperature from RT to ∼573 K. This results in a morphology change from columnar tilted structure to densely packed morphological isotropic multilayer</p
Transient outward K+ current (ITO) reduction prolongs action potentials and promotes afterdepolarisations: a dynamic-clamp study in human and rabbit cardiac atrial myocytes
No full textBackground and aim: Human atrial transient outward K+ current (ITO) is decreased in a variety of cardiac pathologies, but how ITO reduction alters action potentials (AP) and arrhythmia mechanisms is poorly understood, owing to non-selectivity of ITO blockers.<p></p>
Aim: to investigate effects of selective ITO changes on AP shape and duration (APD), and on afterdepolarisations or abnormal automaticity with beta-adrenergic-stimulation, using the dynamic-clamp technique in atrial cells.<p></p>
Methods and Results: Human and rabbit atrial cells were isolated by enzymatic dissociation, and electrical activity recorded by whole-cell-patch clamp (35-37oC). Dynamic-clamp-simulated ITO reduction or block slowed AP phase 1 and elevated the plateau, significantly prolonging APD, in both species. In human atrial cells, ITO block (100% ITO subtraction) increased APD50 by 31%, APD90 by 17%, and APD-61mV (reflecting cellular effective refractory period) by 22% (P<0.05 for each). Interrupting ITO block at various time points during repolarisation revealed that the APD90 increase resulted mainly from plateau-elevation, rather than from phase 1-slowing or any residual ITO. In rabbit atrial cells, partial ITO block (~40% ITO subtraction) reversibly increased the incidence of cellular arrhythmic depolarisations (CADs; afterdepolarisations and/or abnormal automaticity) in the presence of the beta-agonist isoproterenol (0.1 μM; ISO), from 0% to 64% (P<0.05). ISO-induced CADs were significantly suppressed by dynamic-clamp increase in ITO (~40% ITO addition). ISO+ITO decrease-induced CADs were abolished by beta1-antagonism with atenolol at therapeutic concentration (1 μM).<p></p>
Conclusion. Atrial cell action potential changes from selective ITO modulation, shown for the first time using dynamic-clamp, have the potential to influence reentrant and non-reentrant arrhythmia mechanisms, with implications for both the development and treatment of atrial fibrillation
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The British administration of Hinduism in North India, 1780-1900.
No full textThe thesis is divided into three main sections, each dealing with a different aspect of the religious administration of the British in India. No one section covers the entire period of 1780 to 1900, but they are assembled to give a chronological whole, with some overlapping between them. The first section traces the changes in Hindu traditions of pilgrimage in north India, c. 1780- 1840. Most of the information revolves around three main sites - Aflahabad, Benares and Gaya - partly as a result of source bias: the British had control of these sites from a relatively early date and much eighteenth-century information about the pilgrim industries there has been preserved. This section focuses on the religious behaviour of the Marathas: their patronage of the northern sites and the British interaction with Maratha royals and other elite pilgrims. It looks at the way in which elite pilgrims smoothed the way for non-elite pilgrims to make long and hazardous journeys to the north, setting up traditions of relations with sites and priests that enabled non-elite pilgrimage to continue long after royal patronage declined in the nineteenth century.
This section also considers the changing attitudes of the British to Hindu pilgrimage. Eighteenth-century officers welcomed the advantages inherent in the control of famous pilgrimage sites: the chance to advertise British rule to visitors from non-Company territories, the numerous occasions for pleasing political allies, the receipt of wealth from all over India. Territorial expansion at the turn of the century undid many of these advantages and, with the rise of evangelicalism and the acrimonious debate about the right of a Christian government to profit from idolatry, in the nineteenth century the control of pilgrimage sites began to be seen as a liability.
The second section concentrates on the British regulation of religious disputes. Most of the evidence deals with Hindu-Muslim conflict over religious festivals and cow-slaughter in the cities of the North-Western Provinces. Although most of the incidents examined are from the core of the nineteenth century, c. 1820-1880, earlier incidents are studied in an attempt to understand pre-British practices. Some material from the very end of the century is also examined.
Innovative and influential aspects of British policy are shown to be the judiciary's emphasis on precedent and the consequent creation of intercommunal rights in religious display and of a documented history of local disputes. Pre-British religious disputation is shown to function in an entirely contemporary environment, with communities and individuals' rights of display reflecting only their current position within the locality. An important part of the argument is the extent to which Indians adopted the British methods but, exploiting officers' ignorance of a locality's history, manipulated them to their own ends.
A post-1857 development in British policy, the attempt to build-up "natural leaders" within localities and to get them to control the people's religious behaviour, is important because it highlights the British antipathy to traditional religious leaders. The failure of these "natural leaders" - largely gentlemen of inherited wealth and property and in receipt of British honours and titles - to stop their co-religionists from fighting over the rights of religious display underlines the very big gap between colonial intentions and achievements.
The third section is a discussion of the impact of "objective" scientific and sanitation principles on the celebration of grand Hindu fairs in the last half of the nineteenth century. Particular emphasis is placed on the government's efforts to prevent outbreaks of cholera and plague at the big gatherings. Where once the colonial government had shied away from close relations with Hinduism, warned off by the pious wrath of the evangelicals, now it pursued a radically interventionist course in public Hindu worship, justifying interference with pilgrims and pilgrimage sites in terms of public health. It is clear that this section draws upon the material presented in the first section, but the second is also not without relevance. The British antipathy to religious professionals is shown to be very strong in their late-nineteenth-century administration of pilgrimage sites. These men were consistently alienated from the government and they forfeited few opportunities to declare their hostility to state officials and the Indians who supported them. The fact that priests and pilgrims repeatedly joined forces in opposition to state "improvements" at holy sites, suggested that the independence of activity that was shown in the second section to have characterized religious behaviour in the home locality was strong enough to be transported throughout the Hindi-speaking region.
The conclusion draws together the disparate evidence of the three sections to argue that, over the nineteenth century, the component of religion in community and individual identity was magnified until it became large enough to stand alone as an indicator of identity. It also argues that, particularly for non-elites, participation in religious display and any consequent disputes was an indicator of one's independence, not from members of another religious grouping, but from the economic elite of one's own co-religionists
Disparities in registration and use of an online patient portal among older adults: findings from the LitCog cohort
No full text(C) The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved.Financial disclosure: This project was supported by the
National Institute on Aging (R01 AG030611), the National
Center for Research Resources (5UL1RR025741), and the
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grant
8UL1TR000150). The content is solely the responsibility of the
authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of
the National Institutes of Health. Smith is currently supported
by a Cancer Research UK Fellowship
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