1,721,009 research outputs found
GRAPH NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES FOR FAST SIMULATION AND MUON MOMENTUM INFERENCE AT THE CMS DETECTOR
Get PDFAwad, Mariette; Gleyzer, Sergei; Lakkis, Issam; Alawieh, Leen; Darwish, Marwan.Accurate and fast simulation of particle physics processes is crucial for the high-energy physics community knowing that simulating the particle showers and interactions in the detector is both time consuming and computationally expensive. Classical fast simulation techniques based on non-parametric methods can improve the speed of the full simulation but suffer from lower levels of fidelity. For this reason, alternative methods based on machine learning can provide faster solutions, while maintaining a high level of fidelity. The main goal of a fast simulator is to map the events from the generation level directly to the reconstruction level. In this thesis work, we present novel approaches for Fast Simulation and Muon Momentum inference in High Energy Physics. More specifically, we explore the potential of graph neural networks in various applications including fast simulation of boosted jets and muon momentum estimation in the CMS detector. We introduce a graph neural network-based autoencoder model that provides effective reconstruction of calorimeter deposits using the earth mover distance metric. We also propose to use graph networks to infer the momentum of muons in the Cathode Strip Chambers given their ability to account for the several features affecting the particles' trajectories. We show that graph-based architectures outperform conventional deep learning baselines in terms of accuracy and result in relatively competitive inference and training time. In addition, we optimize our code for training using NVIDIA Nsight Tools and later investigate the scalability of our Fast Simulation graph model on multiple GPUs for which we get speedups of 1.62, 2.19 and 2.73 while scaling from 2 to 4 devices, respectively
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Hyperparameter optimization in AutoML systems
No full textIn the last few years, as processing the data became a part of everyday life in different areas of human activity, the automated machine learning systems that are designed to help with the process of data mining, are on the rise. Various metalearning techniques, including recommendation of the right method to use, or the sequence of steps to take, and to find its optimum hyperparameters configuration, are integrated into these systems to help the researchers with the machine learning tasks. In this thesis, we proposed metalearning algorithms and techniques for hyperparameters optimization, narrowing the intervals of hyperparameters, and recommendations of a machine learning method for a never before seen dataset. We designed two AutoML machine learning systems, where these metalearning techniques are implemented. The extensive set of experiments was proposed to evaluate these algorithms, and the results are presented
Optimalizace hyperparametrů v systémech automatického strojového učení
No full textZpracování dat se v posledních letech stalo nedílnou součástí mnoha oblastní lidské činnosti. Spolu s tím prudce roste zájem o automatické systémy strojového učení, které využívají metaučící postupy k tomu, aby usnadnily proces strojového učení, navrhli jeho optimální průběh a na- stavení. V této práci jsme navrhli algoritmy metaučení pro optimalizaci hyper- parametrů, zužování rozsahů hyperparametrů a doporučování metod strojového učení pro zcela nová data. Implementovali jsme dva systémy automatického strojového učení (AutoML), ve kterých jsme použili navržené metaučící techniky. V práci prezentujeme výsledky rozsáhlých experimentů, ve kterých tyto techniky vyhodnocujeme a porovnáváme.In the last few years, as processing the data became a part of everyday life in different areas of human activity, the automated machine learning systems that are designed to help with the process of data mining, are on the rise. Various metalearning techniques, including recommendation of the right method to use, or the sequence of steps to take, and to find its optimum hyperparameters configuration, are integrated into these systems to help the researchers with the machine learning tasks. In this thesis, we proposed metalearning algorithms and techniques for hyperparameters optimization, narrowing the intervals of hyperparameters, and recommendations of a machine learning method for a never before seen dataset. We designed two AutoML machine learning systems, where these metalearning techniques are implemented. The extensive set of experiments was proposed to evaluate these algorithms, and the results are presented.Matematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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