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Problems of the economy of the European Union in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe aim of this bachelor's thesis is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic together with the introduced restrictions on the economy of the European Union and its member states in 2020 and 2021. The thesis tests a hypothesis H1: the COVID-19 pandemic had a greater impact on the EU economy than on economy of the USA and Japan, which is assessed based on the magic squares model. Secondary objectives are to determine regional differences in the response of the economies of the EU members states to the pandemic and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of recovery plans adopted in order to mitigate its negative effects. To fulfil the aim, we observe the development of the growth rate of real GDP, the rate of inflation, unemployment, and the government deficit. The conclusion is that the impact of the pandemic on the EU economy was bigger than on the economy of Japan, but smaller than on the US economy. Within the EU the largest decline was found in the economies of Southern member states and the Baltic countries, while the smallest decline was registered in the countries of Scandinavia, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.Cílem této bakalářské práce je zjistit, jaký dopad má pandemie COVID-19 spolu se zavedenými protikrizovými opatřeními na ekonomiku Evropské unie a její členské státy v letech 2020 a 2021. V práci je testována hypotéza H1: Pandemie COVID-19 měla na ekonomiku EU větší dopady než na ekonomiku USA a Japonska, která je vyhodnocena na základě modelu magických čtverců. Mezi vedlejší cíle patří zjištění regionálních rozdílů v reakci ekonomik zemí EU na pandemickou krizi a zhodnocení realizovatelnosti a efektivity plánů sloužících pro obnovu jednotlivých ekonomik, přijatých za účelem zmírnění dopadů pandemie. Pro naplnění cílů je sledován vývoj čtyř makroekonomických ukazatelů: tempo růstu reálného HDP, míra inflace, nezaměstnanost, a schodek veřejného rozpočtu. Závěrem práce je, že dopady pandemie na ekonomiku EU byly větší než na ekonomiku Japonska, ale zároveň menší než na ekonomiku USA. V rámci EU došlo k největšímu poklesu u ekonomik států Jižní Evropy a Pobaltí, naopak nejmenší pokles zaznamenáváme v zemích Skandinávie, Irsku, Nizozemsku a Lucembursku
Problems of the economy of the European Union in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe aim of this bachelor's thesis is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic together with the introduced restrictions on the economy of the European Union and its member states in 2020 and 2021. The thesis tests a hypothesis H1: the COVID-19 pandemic had a greater impact on the EU economy than on economy of the USA and Japan, which is assessed based on the magic squares model. Secondary objectives are to determine regional differences in the response of the economies of the EU members states to the pandemic and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of recovery plans adopted in order to mitigate its negative effects. To fulfil the aim, we observe the development of the growth rate of real GDP, the rate of inflation, unemployment, and the government deficit. The conclusion is that the impact of the pandemic on the EU economy was bigger than on the economy of Japan, but smaller than on the US economy. Within the EU the largest decline was found in the economies of Southern member states and the Baltic countries, while the smallest decline was registered in the countries of Scandinavia, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.Cílem této bakalářské práce je zjistit, jaký dopad má pandemie COVID-19 spolu se zavedenými protikrizovými opatřeními na ekonomiku Evropské unie a její členské státy v letech 2020 a 2021. V práci je testována hypotéza H1: Pandemie COVID-19 měla na ekonomiku EU větší dopady než na ekonomiku USA a Japonska, která je vyhodnocena na základě modelu magických čtverců. Mezi vedlejší cíle patří zjištění regionálních rozdílů v reakci ekonomik zemí EU na pandemickou krizi a zhodnocení realizovatelnosti a efektivity plánů sloužících pro obnovu jednotlivých ekonomik, přijatých za účelem zmírnění dopadů pandemie. Pro naplnění cílů je sledován vývoj čtyř makroekonomických ukazatelů: tempo růstu reálného HDP, míra inflace, nezaměstnanost, a schodek veřejného rozpočtu. Závěrem práce je, že dopady pandemie na ekonomiku EU byly větší než na ekonomiku Japonska, ale zároveň menší než na ekonomiku USA. V rámci EU došlo k největšímu poklesu u ekonomik států Jižní Evropy a Pobaltí, naopak nejmenší pokles zaznamenáváme v zemích Skandinávie, Irsku, Nizozemsku a Lucembursku
Migration policies and the integration of foreigners in the southern EU member states
No full textThe topic of this thesis is the integration policies of Spain, Italy, and Greece. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the approaches of the examined countries to the integration of foreigners, with an emphasis on the socio-economic dimension, and to determine the extent to which their strategies differ or converge, as well as whether they influence the position of third-country nationals in the labor market. For this purpose, a comparative analysis of the countries’ integration programs, long-term strategic frameworks, and materials from institutions responsible for the integration process is used. To assess the position of third-country nationals, selected labor market integration indicators, employment, and its quality are analyzed, with results always compared to the native population. The conclusion of the thesis is that Spain is characterized by a developed, decentralized intercultural model, emphasizing the mutual adaptation of foreigners and society. The Italian integration model is mixed and fragmented: historically, it contains certain intercultural elements, but today it leans toward assimilation through the integration agreement and is short-term oriented. Greece has the least developed integration system of all examined countries, without a dominant model, dependent on international organizations in its implementation, and responding to integration needs on an ad hoc basis. Integration approaches influence the position of third-country nationals only to a limited extent, mainly in the area of education and qualifications. Labor market integration indicators do not correspond with integration policies or their evaluation according to the MIPEX index: third-country nationals are disadvantaged in all examined countries, with this disadvantage being more pronounced in Spain and Greece than in Italy.Tématem této diplomové práce jsou integrační politiky Španělska, Itálie a Řecka. Cílem práce je vyhodnotit přístupy zkoumaných zemí k integraci cizinců s důrazem na socioekonomickou dimenzi a zjistit, do jaké míry se jejich strategie liší či shodují, a zároveň zjistit, zda ovlivňují postavení cizinců ze třetích zemí na trzích práce. Za tímto účelem je použita komparativní analýza integračních programů zemí, dlouhodobých strategických rámců a materiálů institucí odpovědných za integrační proces. Pro hodnocení postavení občanů třetích zemí jsou analyzovány vybrané ukazatele integrace na trhu práce, zaměstnanosti a její kvality, přičemž výsledky jsou vždy porovnány s domácím obyvatelstvem. Závěrem práce je, že pro Španělsko je charakteristický rozvinutý decentralizovaný interkulturní model s důrazem na vzájemné přizpůsobení cizinců a společnosti. Italský integrační model je smíšený a fragmentovaný: historicky obsahuje určité interkulturní prvky, avšak dnes se přiklání k asimilaci prostřednictvím integrační dohody a je krátkodobě orientovaný. Řecko má ze všech zemí nejméně rozvinutý integrační systém bez dominantního modelu, závislý na mezinárodních organizacích v oblasti realizace, který reaguje na potřeby integrace ad hoc. Přístupy k integraci ovlivňují postavení občanů třetích zemí jen omezeně, pouze v oblasti vzdělání a kvalifikace. Ukazatele integrace na trhu práce nekorespondují s integračními politikami ani jejich hodnocením dle indexu MIPEX: občané třetích zemí jsou znevýhodněni ve všech zkoumaných zemích, přičemž ve Španělsku a Řecku je toto znevýhodnění výraznější než v Itálii
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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