2,407 research outputs found
Evidence for and Against Stenting in Patients With Connective Tissue Disorders
No full textAung Ye Oo of The Barts Heart Centre in London, United Kingdom, discusses the use of endovascular stents in patients with connective tissue disorders. He concludes that substantial evidence on the topic is lacking and that stenting in these patients should be limited to bridging patients to open surgery or in patients for whom open surgery presents a high risk.This presentation was originally given during the SCTS Ionescu University program at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery in Great Britain and Ireland. This content is published with the permission of SCTS. Please click here for more information on SCTS educational programs.</div
A Ricardian Analysis of the Impacts of Climate Change on Agricultural Crop Production in Myanmar
No full textThis study employs a Ricardian analytic framework to investigate the current and projected impacts of changes in temperature and precipitation on Myanmar’s agricultural sector. By analysing 330 pieces of 2017–2022 township-level data on crop productivity and 1990–2020 climate data, we estimate the economic effects of climate change on Myanmar’s agricultural crop production. The analysis reveals that the climate’s impacts on agriculture exhibit significant heterogeneity across different seasons and farm types. Most notably, increases in summer temperatures correlate with substantial crop revenue losses, highlighting the vulnerabilities faced during this critical growing season. Projections using three climate models (PCM, CGCM3, and CSIRO) indicate that climate change’s impact on agriculture will intensify through the 21st century, with estimates pointing to revenue declines in summer and winter of up to -25.85% and potential gains of approximately 23.02% during monsoon season. These projections highlight the precarious nature of agricultural productivity in Myanmar, where fluctuations in temperature and precipitation patterns can lead to marginal changes in crop revenues. Overall, the findings stress the urgent need for substantial investment in agricultural preparedness, adaptation strategies and integrated climate-change-mitigation policies to safeguard food security and enhance resilience in Myanmar’s agricultural sector amid escalating climatic challenges
Determining factors and barriers to the uptake of climate change adaptation strategies of agriculture and aquaculture farm households in Myanmar
No full textPurpose
Climate change is an undeniable reality that threatens people’s livelihoods. Flooding and saltwater intrusion, along with the rising sea levels, are affecting agricultural and aquaculture livelihoods in Myanmar’s coastal areas. Although climate change adaptation is gaining popularity as a resilience strategy to cope with the negative effects of climate change, both agriculture- and aquaculture-farmers are more often deterred from implementing climate change adaptation strategies due to practical availability and socioeconomic barriers to adaptation. This study aims to evaluate the barriers and factors that influence farm household’ choice of climate change adaptation measures.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted with 599 farm households (484 rice-farmers and 115 fish farmers) based in the coastal areas of Myanmar during 2021–2022 to explore the farmer’s choice of climate change adaptation measures and the determining factors. The multinomial logit regression (MLR) model was used to examine the factors influencing the farmers’ choice of climate change adaptation strategies.
Findings
The study found out that farm households use a variety of adaptation methods at the farm level, with building embankment strategy (23.4%) in agriculture and net-fencing measure (33.9%) in fish farming being the most popular adaptation strategies. Farmers’ decisions to adopt climate change adaptation strategies are influenced by factors such as distance to market, education level of the household head, remittance income and the availability of early warning information, among others. The study also discovered that COVID-19 has had an impact on the employment opportunities of household members and the income from farming as well had a consequential effect on the adoption of climate change adaptation measures. Furthermore, lack of credit (42.4%), labor shortage (52.8%), pest and disease infestation (58.9%), high input costs (81%) and lower agricultural product prices (73%) were identified as major barriers to the adoption of climate change adaptation measures by both agriculture and aquaculture farm households.
Originality/value
This study demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic and farm-level barriers are the major factors influencing farm households’ choice of climate change adaptation measures, and that removing practical farm-level barriers and encouraging the adoption of adaptation techniques as potential COVID-19 recovery actions are required. This study also highlighted that the adaptive capacity of agriculture and aquaculture farm households should be strengthened through formal and informal training programs, awareness raising, the exchange of early warning information and the development of proper credit scheme programs
CREDIT ACCESSIBILITY AND FARM PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY IN MYAN AUNG TOWNSHIP, AYEYARWADY DIVISION) (Thida Oo, 2018)
No full textThe study examined the relationship between agricultural credit and farm performance in Myan Aung Township, Ayeyarwady Division. Both of the primary and secondary data were used to analyze. There are 518 villages and 58 village tracts in Myan Aung Township . The random sample of 92 agricultural farmers was from 923 households of 6 village tracts which represents 10% of village tracts. Correlation and regression models are used to test whether the farm performance is affected by agricultural credit accessibility and also if there is any relationship between the two. For this study, the independent variables taken are agricultural credit accessibility of farmers and the farming characteristics of farmers: number of farmers in household and farming experience. The dependent variable is the farm performance (paddy yield per acre). There is a fairly positive correlation between all three independent variables (credit accessibility, farming experience, number of farmers in household) and farm performance (paddy yield per acre). According to the result of correlation, all three independent variables are significant at 1% level. The effect of farm experience is highest among variables on paddy yield per acres. For regression analysis, the independent variables (farm experience, number of farmers in households and credit accessibility) are positive and statistically significant with farm yield. Three variables have significantly explained 51% of the variance in paddy yield per acre. As a conclusion, agricultural credit should be provided to farmers sufficiently and timely manner
Decision Tree Models for Medical Diagnosis
No full textData mining techniques are rapidly developed for many applications. In recent year, Data mining in healthcare is an emerging field research and development of intelligent medical diagnosis system. Classification is the major research topic in data mining. Decision trees are popular methods for classification. In this paper many decision tree classifiers are used for diagnosis of medical datasets. AD Tree, J48, NB Tree, Random Tree and Random Forest algorithms are used for analysis of medical dataset. Heart disease dataset, Diabetes dataset and Hepatitis disorder dataset are used to test the decision tree models. Aung Nway Oo | Thin Naing "Decision Tree Models for Medical Diagnosis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23510.pd
Supplemental Material - Can Computerized Simulation be Used to Assess Surgical Proficiency in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries? A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental Material for Can Computerized Simulation be Used to Assess Surgical Proficiency in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries? A Systematic Review by Si Yuan Chang, Kai Siang Chan and Aung Myint Oo in Surgical Innovation</p
SAVING BEHAVIOR OF GOVERNMENT STAFF IN ZABUTHIRI TOWNSHIP (Aung Zaw Oo,2019)
No full textThis study aim to describe the saving habit of Government staffs and to examine the influencing factors on Government staffs’ saving behavior. Therefore,in this analysis, the determinants of saving behavior among the Government staff in Zabuthiri Township are used in this study. This selects 108 respondents using a simple random method and collects survey questionnaires in June 2019. To discover the factors influencing, there are five determinants of saving behavior including financial literacy, parental factor, trust in financial institution, peer factor, and self -control. According to the finding of the study, saving behavior varies on level of financial knowledge. Besides, parent plays an important role in affecting their children in the conduct of saving. Furthermore, peer influence can have a great effect on saving behavior of government staff due to their close relationship other than parents. Lastly, no one can affect another easily. In other words, self control plays an important role for government staff to practice saving. Thus, based on this study, financial literacy is most important influencing factors to save money. Therefore to enhance knowledge of advantages of saving, financial institutions included in banks, insurance companies and microfinance institutions should do activities for encourage of financial literacy
A Study on the Human Resource Management System of Inya Lake Hotel, Yangon Region ( Aung Zaw Oo, 2024)
No full textThe role of human resource management is important for hotel industry
development. This study aims to identify the important role of human resource
management, which can improve knowledge and capacities for employees of a hotel
and its business. Furthermore, the study aims to examine the impact of human resource
management on hotel performance and employee satisfaction. The study used a
descriptive approach, conducting interviews with key personnel and collecting
questionnaire responses from 80 staff members of the Inya Lake Hotel. Additionally,
Inya Lake Hotel works systematically for its structured HR planning, recruitment
procedures, training and development initiatives, compensation packages, and health
and safety measures. The HRM survey results for Inya Lake Hotel show overall positive
feedback. The employee satisfaction survey reflects a positive outlook among staff. The
hotel performance survey shows strong results in all areas. Ultimately, Inya Lake Hotel
has effective HR management, high employee satisfaction, and strong performance. It
is suggested that implementing strong HRM practices can enhance employee
satisfaction and hotel performance
Relationship between Organizational Justice and Citizenship behavior: The Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment (Tun Aung and Mya Thet Oo, 2016)
No full textToday, changes in organizational environments call for voluntary behavior from members of an organization. Employees react and elicit different behaviors depending on different external and internal stimuli. Employees exhibit two types of behaviors: in-role and extra-role behavior, which is also known as the organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). OCB can be classified into two_ citizenship behaviors towards individuals and citizenship behaviors towards the organization. This study tries to find the relationship between organizational justice (OJ) and citizenship behaviors (OCB) of both of OCBI and OCBO among employees, using affective commitment as a mediator, a proxy to social identification. A total of96 employees from seven hotels in Yangon and Mandalay were collected as sample. With the permission of their supervisors, each employee received a structured questionnaire, with five-point Likert scales for each question. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between OJ, OCBs and commitment, using SPSS 22. Baron and Kenny approach was used to determine the mediation role of commitment and it was found that OJ has positive significant relationship both on commitment and OCB. Commitment was found to have a partial mediating effect on OJ and OCB relationship
A Study on Farmers' Perception of the Adoption of Good Agricultural Practices ( Gap) of Rice Production in Sagaing Region (Aung Naing Oo, 2022)
No full textGood Agricultural Practices (GAP) is a set of collection procedures and
standards that comply with the methods to minimize the harmful infection in every
production chain. The results of GAP are in safe and healthy food and nonagricultural
products while carrying into account socio-economic and sustainable
environment. The study proposes to know the barriers to be able to widespread the
adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) and find the impact of the agricultural
firm by using the adoption of Good Agricultural Practices in focused area. The
findings of the study are producing agricultural products in a safe and sustainable way
and with assurance is truly conforming to standards of Good Agriculture Practices but
the planters don't dare to accept the sensitivity on GAP, GAPs can be spent the
external costs when the social costs from a good or service outweigh the private costs
incurred by the suppliers and Myanmar GAP adopters were facing with enormous
challenges and risks such as lack of fertilizers, inadequate finance, extreme poverty,
lack of education, vulnerable the access of GAP markets, threatens the disaster and
rainfalls, and cost of production among others conventional farming system
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