31 research outputs found
Employee Attitude Towards Human Resource Management Practices of Myanma Economics Bank in Yangon (Ma Phyo Yandanar Aung, 2018)
No full textThis field study is to investigate the human resource management practices on
employee attitude of Myanma Economic Bank in Yangon' The objectives of the study
are to identify and analyze the human resource management practices on employee
anitude of selected banks. In this study, descriptive research method is applied which
is done both primary and secondary data. Prim ary data are collected through
structured questionnaires by interviewing and meeting with responsible persons from
selected banks. Data collection from this study was based on 289 employee attitude
on human resource management practices of MEB. The results of this study state the
average mean value and standard deviation in that order, followed by human resource
planning, recruitment and selection, training and development, perforrnance appraisal'
compensation, saf-ety and health, employee relation. Based on the finding that of the
analysis, this study suggested that the selected banks should provide to increase
salary, assistance for housing (loan), comfortable working environment and job
security in order to satisfy in workplace for all bank's employees so that these
employees also providing the best services to customers' Therefore, this study attempt
tohighlightamoreclearlyunderstandingofemployeeattitudebasedonHRM practices of Myanma Economic Bank
ミャンマーの政治体制移行―国内における対立と国際的なジレンマ―
No full text筑波大学University of Tsukuba博士（社会科学）Doctor of Philosophy in Social Sciences2021【要旨】thesi
Myanmar's Political Transition: Domestic Rivalries and International Quandary
No full text2021この博士論文は内容の要約のみの公開（または一部非公開）になっていま
ミャンマーの政治体制移行―国内における対立と国際的なジレンマ―
No full text筑波大学University of Tsukuba博士（社会科学）Doctor of Philosophy in Social Sciences2021この博士論文は内容の要約のみの公開（または一部非公開）になっていますdoctoral thesi
Alcohol Consumption and Current Situation of Drinking Risk Level Among University Students in Mandalay Region
No full textBackground: In Myanmar, alcohol consumption among university students had been recognized as a major public health concern. A cross-sectional study was done to investigate drinking alcohol and risk level assessment using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and examined the reasons of alcohol uses and types of beverage preference consumed.
Methods: The two universities from three districts in Mandalay region were randomly selected, from which 976 students (stratified by academic year and sex) were contributed in self-administered questionnaire.
Results: The mean age at first drinking alcohol among the participants was 16.36_0.15 years with range of 16 to 19 years. The drinking risk level assessment using the AUDIT test, nearly half of the participants 48.7% were abstainers and 86 (8.8%) were high risk drinkers while 28 (2.9%) had alcohol dependency. Among those, 57.8% had experiences of alcohol drinking and the favorite beverage of the university students who drink alcohol was beer. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, smoking habit and living situation for drinking were significant predictors of alcohol consumption among university students. The results found out that living separately with parents and smoking habits were important factors for drinking alcohol with statistically significant at 95% confidence level.
Conclusion: It provided evidence-based findings for knowing the alcohol consumption risk level among university students to prevent social deprivation and health risk behaviors. Findings from this study indicate a need for law governing, strictly prohibits the sale of alcohol directly or indirectly to those under the age of eighteen years. The alcohol intervention program can be helpful in modifying behaviors change communication in health promotion of university students.
Keywords: Alcohol consumption, AUDIT test, drinking risk level, university students and binary logistic regression
Received: 12 April 2019 Reviewed: 18 June 2019 Revised: 25 June 2019 Accepted: 8 July 2019
DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-3358
Digital health literacy for COVID-19 vaccination and intention to be immunized: A cross sectional multi-country study among the general adult population
No full textIntroduction: It is clear that medical science has advanced much in the past few decades with the development of vaccines and this is even true for the novel coronavirus outbreak. By late 2020, COVID-19 vaccines were starting to be approved by national and global regulators, and across 2021, there was a global rollout of several vaccines. Despite rolling out vaccination programs successfully, there has been a cause of concern regarding uptake of vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy. In tackling the vaccine hesitancy and improving the overall vaccination rates, digital health literacy (DHL) could play a major role. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the digital health literacy and its relevance to the COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries. Participants were asked about their level of intention to the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants completed the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI), which was adapted in the context of the COVID Health Literacy Network. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were used for analysis purpose.Results: Overall, the mean DHL score was 35.1 (SD = 6.9, Range = 12-48). The mean DHL score for those who answered "Yes" for "support for national vaccination schedule" was 36.1 (SD 6.7) compared to 32.5 (SD 6.8) for those who either answered "No" or "Don't know". Factors including country, place of residence, education, employment, and income were associated with the intention for vaccination. Odds of vaccine intention were higher in urban respondents (OR-1.46; C.I.-1.30-1.64) than in rural respondents. Further, higher competency in assessing the relevance of online information resulted in significantly higher intention for vaccine uptake.Conclusion: Priority should be given to improving DHL and vaccination awareness programs targeting rural areas, lower education level, lower income, and unemployed groups
Comparisons of the smear layer removal efficacy of dual-action irrigants and different activation techniques
No full textBackground/purpose: Dual-action root canal irrigants containing disinfectant(s) and chelator(s) are expected to enhance root canal cleaning efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of these irrigants and different activation techniques on smear layer removal. Materials and methods: Seventy-six extracted human mandibular premolars were root canal-prepared up to an apical size of #40/0.06, grouped and irrigated as follows, and the smear layer on each third of the canal wall was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. In Experiment 1, syringe irrigation (SI) was carried out using a dual-action irrigant (Triton or SmearOFF) or a combination of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (n = 12, each). In Experiment 2, Triton was activated by laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with a novel Er:YAG laser equipment (Adverl SH, Morita Manufacturing, Kyoto, Japan), an LAI protocol called shockwave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), or ultrasonic-activated irrigation (UAI), and irrigated with SI (n = 10, each). Results: In Experiment 1, the Triton group demonstrated significantly better smear layer scores than the EDTA and NaOCl combination group across all canal thirds (P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, using Triton as the irrigant, the LAI and SWEEPS groups exhibited significantly superior smear layer scores compared to the UAI group across all canal thirds (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Triton was more effective than the combination of EDTA and NaOCl in removing the smear layer across all root canal thirds. The efficacy of Triton was further enhanced by activation with LAI and SWEEPS
Cleaning efficacy and apical pressure in sonically-activated irrigation systems: Impact of tip vertical stroke
No full textBackground/purpose: A newly developed sonic device for root canal irrigation, the SmartLite Pro EndoActivator, features modified vibration frequencies and behaviors. This study aimed to examine the cleaning efficacy and periapical pressure generation of sonically-activated irrigation (SAI) with different number of vertical strokes. Materials and methods: Seventy-two human anterior teeth were instrumented to a #25/0.07 taper. Experiment 1: 36 teeth were irrigated using: (1) EndoActivator (SAI-1), (2) SmartLitePro EndoActivator (SAI-2), and (3) syringe irrigation (SI) (n = 12, each). Experiment 2: 36 teeth were irrigated with SAI-2, varying the number of vertical strokes applied (0, 10, and 40 times; n = 12, each). Debris and smear layer scores were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Experiment 3: Periapical pressures were measured during irrigation of plastic root canal models (#40/0.06 taper) with SAI-2 using 0, 10, or 40 strokes. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests (P < 0.05). Results: In Experiment 1, the SAI-2 group showed significantly better smear layer scores than the SAI-1 and SI groups (P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, the 40-stroke group had significantly superior debris and smear layer scores than the 0-stroke group (P < 0.05), with similar scores to those of the 10-stroke group. In Experiment 3, the 40-stroke group generated significantly higher periapical pressure than the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The SmartLite Pro EndoActivator outperformed EndoActivator and syringe irrigation regarding cleaning efficacy. Increasing the number of vertical strokes improved the cleaning efficacy but also resulted in higher apical pressures
Reliable mortality statistics in Myanmar: a qualitative assessment of challenges in two townships
No full textAbstract Background The vital registration system is universally recognized as the main source of mortality data which is essential for policy formulation, proper interventions and resource allocation to address priority health challenges. To improve availability and quality of mortality statistics by strengthening the vital registration system, understanding the current vital registration system is essential. This study identified challenges in generating reliable mortality statistics in the vital registration system of Myanmar. Methods Qualitative methods were used to collect data in two selected townships of Mandalay Region. Grey literature related to the management of mortality registration was reviewed; in-depth interviews of sixteen key informants and fourteen focus group discussions were conducted with those involved in death registration at the local level, such as healthcare providers, local administrators and knowledgeable adults in households where deaths occurred during the past three years. Thematic analysis was performed to identify system barriers in the death registration process. Results Weaknesses in the death registration system are classified in three areas: a) administrative which includes the lack of enforcement of mandatory death registration, limited issuance of death certificates and no formal mandatory notification of death events by households and; b) technical which includes absence of proper and regular on-the-job trainings, ineffective cause-of-death certification practice for deaths in the communities and the absence of routine data plausibility checks at the local level; and c) societal which includes poor community awareness and inadequate participation in death registration. Conclusion The study highlighted challenges in the death registration system at the operational level, which undermines the achievement of a satisfactory level of completeness and accuracy of mortality data. We recommend establishing a strong legal framework, improving technical capacities and raising public awareness and cooperation to strengthen the system that can generate reliable mortality statistics
