81 research outputs found
Shocks, Production, Exports and Market Prices: An Analysis of the Rice Sector in Myanmar
No full textAn output of the Myanmar Strategy Support Program, with USAID and Michigan State University. Presented by Paul Dorosh, Director, Development Strategy and Governance Unit, International Food Policy Research Institute and Nilar Aung, Research Specialist, Michigan State University
COVID-19 in Myanmar: Impacts on the Economy, Agri-Food System, Jobs, and Incomes
No full textBy Xinshen Diao, Nilar Aung, Wuit Yi Lwin, Phoo Pye Zone, James Thurlow, and Khin Maung Nyun
ROLE OF EDUCATION IN WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT IN MYANMAR (Nilar Aung, 2019)
No full texteducation with primary level, women’s occupation, wife’s income compared with husband’s income, ownership of house, women’s age, number of living children, place of residence and region (Taninthayi, Bago, Rakhine, Yangon and Shan). Based on the results found in this study, women’s education with higher level have positive impact on the women’s empowerment. Therefore, it can concluded that women’s education is key factor of female labor force participation in Myanmar. The study used data from Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey to assess the role of education on women’s empowerment in Myanmar. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression are used for analysis. The result from descriptive statistics showed that women’s empowerment is mostly differ by socio-economic and demographic factors. The result of Pearson’s Chi-Square statistic revealed that the existence of association between women’s empowerment and its covariates. According to the multinomial logistic regression results, women’s age, number of living children, women head of household, wife’s income compared with husband’s income and ownership of house have significant impact on women’s empowerment. In addition the evidence of this results, positive relationship are observed between women’s empowerment and women’s education with higher level, husban
Factors Influencing Myanmar Tourist Decisions Toward Traveling to Europe (May Nilar Aung, 2025)
Get PDFThis study examines the factors influencing Myanmar Tourist Decisions toward
traveling to Europe, focusing on three primary variables: travel motivations, marketing
influences, and destination attributes. The study used a quantitative research approach,
collected primary data through structured questionnaires from 273 Myanmar tourists who
visited Europe during 2024 travel season. The findings reveal that travel motivations,
marketing influences, and destination attributes are statistically influence on the tourist
decisions. Marketing Influences had the strongest effect, followed by destination
Attributes and Travel Motivations. Based on these findings, the important suggestion for
the tourism stakeholders are to offer attractive, well-organized European tour packages
with seasonal promotions and professional staff support. Promotions should highlight
Europe’s unique experiences, high-quality accommodations, and convenient transport.
Marketing efforts should appeal to tourists’ emotions, especially the desire to escape
routine and explore new cultures and experiences. These strategies can effectively align
with the psychological needs and destination preferences that drive the decisions of
Myanmar tourists
A study on School Facilities of Primary Schools in Dagon Myothit (Seikkan) Township (2008/2009 to 2017/2018) (Tin Nilar Aung, 2019)
Get PDF[Myanmar] Assessing the impacts of COVID-19 on Myanmar’s economy: A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) multiplier approach
No full textAuteurs : Xinshen Diao, Nilar Aung, Wuit Yi Lwin, Phoo Pye Zone, Khin Maung Nyunt, James Thurlow Production : The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. Established in 1975, IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 50 countries. It is a research center of CGIAR, a worldwide partnership engaged in agricultural research for developmen..
Rice Production, Income Diversification and Rural Development in Myanmar
Get PDFAmong agricultural produce, rice is still dominating the Myanmar's agriculture sector, as it is a staple food crop and a principal export crop. Although previous market reforms and major investment in the agriculture sector have led to an increase in rice production, there have been challenges, such as limited availability of loans, poor infrastructure, application of farm inputs and the quality of seeds. My thesis comprises three essays that, together, fill the gaps in the existing literature on most of the key issues affect rural development in Myanmar.
The first essay analyses the source and extent of potential productivity and efficiency gains, and investigates how Myanmar can increase its rice productivity. The data used in this thesis is taken from 634 farm households in the main rice growing regions, specifically Ayeyarwaddy, Bago and Sagaing. The stochastic production frontier and technical inefficiency models are applied to capture which farm-specific factors determine efficiency gains. The findings show that rice production in the selected regions can be improved through farm workers with better education, agricultural extension services, and efficient fertilizer and pesticide application. This essay also analyses the impact of land reforms and market reforms on rice production in Myanmar and Vietnam. Although there are differences between the two countries, especially in terms of government policy and institutions, both share some similarities when it comes to rice production. Vietnam is a more efficient rice producer than Myanmar, due to its better irrigation system, use of better quality seeds, higher application rate of fertilizers, and more intensive cropping. There may be many lessons for Myanmar to learn Vietnam's to increase the quantity and quality of its rice production by applying certified seeds and efficient use of fertilizers, and using sufficient irrigated water.
The second essay examines the impact of credit policy on rice production in the selected regions. The provision of agricultural credit is used as a major tool to develop rural areas and reduce poverty in Myanmar. Despite the rapid expansion of agricultural credit by the Myanmar Agricultural Development Bank (MADB), there are some limitations on applying for credits, such as the credit amount per acre and the landholding size. A fuzzy regression discontinuity design approach is applied to identify the effects of agricultural credit, making use of the MADB's credit rule based on landholding size up to 10 acres. Although the subsidized credit scheme shows little impact on rice output and rice income, the credit program has some positive effects on total household income, suggesting a positive spillover effect on other farm income activities.
The third essay assesses the determinants of income diversification from different sources and its impact upon the rural economy of Myanmar. Despite the fact that rice production still plays a major role in the rural economy, the diversity of income from both agricultural and non-agricultural activities has been part of an important strategy for rural livelihoods among farm households since the late 1980s. This essay analyses the factors determining income diversification from different sources on rural households' income, and their contribution to income inequality amongst farm households. The findings show that household's demographic characteristics, total land size, ownership of assets are the main factors leading towards income diversification. The results of the decomposition of Gini coefficient indicate that aggregate income from non-rice crops, especially pulses and beans, helps to significantly reduce income inequality among farm households in the Bago and Sagaing Regions. Overall, the results reveal that the cropping patterns for producing rice and different type of pulses and beans, as well as participation in livestock farming, are the most important factors in decreasing income inequality
Poverty Alleviation and Community Empowerment in the Bagan-Nyaung-U Area of Central Myanmar
No full textResults of Cassava Demonstration Trials in Ayeyarwady Region in 2018
No full textCassava is one of the most important upland crops in Myanmar especially in the Ayeyarwady region. The crop has been both a mechanism for livelihood improvement at the household level, and a key contributor to the regional economy. Beyond the food and feed value, cassava is also important for a range of industrial purposes when it is converted into modified starch, sweeteners and ethanol, etc. As a result, cassava is in high demand locally and for potential export - especially to China, Thailand and Bangladesh.No Full Tex
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