1,720,989 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Digestive outcomes and risk factors at short- and medium- term in esophageal atresia
No full textLes progrès des dernières décennies dans la prise en charge néonatale et chirurgicale des enfants présentant une atrésie de l’oesophage (AO) ont permis une amélioration significative de leur espérance de vie. Cependant une morbidité importante persiste - en particulier digestive - à court, moyen et long terme, même si la prévalence de ces complications et leurs facteurs de risque restent actuellement mal identifiés. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier chez les enfants nés avec une AO, en population, trois complications digestives et leurs déterminants à trois périodes différentes de l’évolution d’une AO.Le premier travail s’est intéressé à la prévalence du dumping syndrome (DS) à l’âge de 3 mois, à l’aide d’une étude prospective multicentrique (n=38). Les nouveau-nés bénéficiaient systématiquement d’une hyperglycémie provoquée par voie orale entre l’âge de 2,5 et 3,5 mois. La glycémie était évaluée de façon discontinue pendant 4 heures, ce qui permettait de repérer les hyperglycémies précoces et les hypoglycémies tardives. Trente pour cent des patients avaient un DS, sans association identifiée avec les signes cliniques observés. Aucun facteur associé au DS n’a pu être mis en évidence dans cette étude.Le deuxième travail s’est intéressé aux facteurs de risque de sténose de l’anastomose (SA) à 1 an, par une étude prospective longitudinale multicentrique en population (n=1082). Les données à la naissance et à un an étaient relevées grâce au registre national français de l’AO (RENATO). Vingt-trois pour cent des enfants présentaient une SA à l’âge de 1 an, et les seuls facteurs de risque de SA identifiés étaient chirurgicaux (anastomose sous tension et anastomose retardée).Le troisième travail a porté sur les facteurs de risque et l’histoire naturelle du reflux gastro-oesophagien (RGO) à l’âge de 6 ans, par une étude prospective longitudinale multicentrique d’une cohorte nichée dans le registre RENATO (n=286). Les données à 6 ans étaient relevées grâce au réseau des centres participant au registre, avec la même méthodologie que le registre. Un tiers des enfants présentaient un RGO à l’âge de 6 ans, et 20% d’entre eux en avaient été opérés. La présence d’un RGO à l’âge de 1 an, un antécédent de gastrostomie avant l’âge d’un an, le sexe masculin et la dénutrition étaient les 4 facteurs prédictifs de RGO à l’âge de 6 ans. Le RGO pouvait disparaître, persister ou apparaître de novo à l’âge de 6 ans.Ce travail a permis la description du DS, nouvelle complication fréquente observée à court terme dans l’AO, d’individualiser des groupes à risque de complication digestives à court et moyen terme (1 an pour les SA et 6 ans pour le RGO) et de décrire l’évolution naturelle à moyen terme du RGO. Ses perspectives sont d’étudier la physiopathologie du DS dans l’AO et de poursuivre le suivi de la cohorte nichée à 12-13 ans, afin de mieux décrire l’histoire naturelle et d’aider à repérer les populations à risque pour adapter le suivi et le traitement de ces patients.Advances in neonatal and surgical management of children with oesophageal atresia (OA) over the last decades lead to a significant improvement in life expectancy. However, significant morbidity persists - in particular digestive - in the short, medium and long term, even if the prevalence of these complications and their underlying risk factors remain poorly identified. The aim of the thesis was to investigate digestive complications and their short- and medium-term determinants in children born with OA, at the level of the French population, by studying three complications occurring at three different ages.The first study focused on the prevalence of dumping syndrome (DS) at 3 months of age, through a prospective multicenter cohort (n=38). All newborns systematically underwent an oral glucose tolerance test between 2.5 and 3.5 months of age. Blood glucose levels were recorded discontinuously over a 4-hour period, in order to identify early hyperglycaemia and/or late hypoglycaemia. Thirty percent of the included patients had a DS, which did not correlate with the presenting clinical signs. No factors associated with DS could be identified.The second study focused on the risk factors for anastomotic stenosis (AS) at 1 year of age, through a prospective longitudinal multicenter population-based study (n=1082). Data at birth and at one year were collected from the French national registry for OA (RENATO). Twenty-three percent of OA patients had AS at 1 year of age, and the only risk factors identified were surgical (anastomosis under tension and delayed anastomosis).The third study focused on the risk factors and natural history of gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD) at the age of 6 years, through a prospective longitudinal multicenter study of a nested cohort from the RENATO registry (n=286). Data at 6 years were collected through the CRACMO network of centers of the registry, using the same methodology as for RENATO. One third of patients had GORD at the age of 6 years, 20% of whom underwent fundoplication. Presence of GORD at the age of 1 year, history of gastrostomy before the age of 1 year, male gender, and undernutrition were the 4 independent predictive factors of GORD at the age of 6 years. From the age of 1 year, GORD could disappear, persist, or appear de novo at the age of 6 years.This work allowed the description of DS, a new frequent short-term complication in OA, the identification of groups at risk for digestive complications in the short and medium term (at 1 year for AS and at 6 years for GORD) and the description of the natural evolution of GORD in the medium term. Its perspectives are to study the pathophysiology of DS in AO and to continue the follow-up of the nested cohort at 12-13 years, to better describe the natural history and to help to identify populations at risk, thereby allowing to adapt the follow-up and personalize treatment of these patients
Complications digestives et facteurs de risque à court et moyen terme dans l’atrésie de l’œsophage
No full textAdvances in neonatal and surgical management of children with oesophageal atresia (OA) over the last decades lead to a significant improvement in life expectancy. However, significant morbidity persists - in particular digestive - in the short, medium and long term, even if the prevalence of these complications and their underlying risk factors remain poorly identified. The aim of the thesis was to investigate digestive complications and their short- and medium-term determinants in children born with OA, at the level of the French population, by studying three complications occurring at three different ages.The first study focused on the prevalence of dumping syndrome (DS) at 3 months of age, through a prospective multicenter cohort (n=38). All newborns systematically underwent an oral glucose tolerance test between 2.5 and 3.5 months of age. Blood glucose levels were recorded discontinuously over a 4-hour period, in order to identify early hyperglycaemia and/or late hypoglycaemia. Thirty percent of the included patients had a DS, which did not correlate with the presenting clinical signs. No factors associated with DS could be identified.The second study focused on the risk factors for anastomotic stenosis (AS) at 1 year of age, through a prospective longitudinal multicenter population-based study (n=1082). Data at birth and at one year were collected from the French national registry for OA (RENATO). Twenty-three percent of OA patients had AS at 1 year of age, and the only risk factors identified were surgical (anastomosis under tension and delayed anastomosis).The third study focused on the risk factors and natural history of gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD) at the age of 6 years, through a prospective longitudinal multicenter study of a nested cohort from the RENATO registry (n=286). Data at 6 years were collected through the CRACMO network of centers of the registry, using the same methodology as for RENATO. One third of patients had GORD at the age of 6 years, 20% of whom underwent fundoplication. Presence of GORD at the age of 1 year, history of gastrostomy before the age of 1 year, male gender, and undernutrition were the 4 independent predictive factors of GORD at the age of 6 years. From the age of 1 year, GORD could disappear, persist, or appear de novo at the age of 6 years.This work allowed the description of DS, a new frequent short-term complication in OA, the identification of groups at risk for digestive complications in the short and medium term (at 1 year for AS and at 6 years for GORD) and the description of the natural evolution of GORD in the medium term. Its perspectives are to study the pathophysiology of DS in AO and to continue the follow-up of the nested cohort at 12-13 years, to better describe the natural history and to help to identify populations at risk, thereby allowing to adapt the follow-up and personalize treatment of these patients.Les progrès des dernières décennies dans la prise en charge néonatale et chirurgicale des enfants présentant une atrésie de l’oesophage (AO) ont permis une amélioration significative de leur espérance de vie. Cependant une morbidité importante persiste - en particulier digestive - à court, moyen et long terme, même si la prévalence de ces complications et leurs facteurs de risque restent actuellement mal identifiés. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier chez les enfants nés avec une AO, en population, trois complications digestives et leurs déterminants à trois périodes différentes de l’évolution d’une AO.Le premier travail s’est intéressé à la prévalence du dumping syndrome (DS) à l’âge de 3 mois, à l’aide d’une étude prospective multicentrique (n=38). Les nouveau-nés bénéficiaient systématiquement d’une hyperglycémie provoquée par voie orale entre l’âge de 2,5 et 3,5 mois. La glycémie était évaluée de façon discontinue pendant 4 heures, ce qui permettait de repérer les hyperglycémies précoces et les hypoglycémies tardives. Trente pour cent des patients avaient un DS, sans association identifiée avec les signes cliniques observés. Aucun facteur associé au DS n’a pu être mis en évidence dans cette étude.Le deuxième travail s’est intéressé aux facteurs de risque de sténose de l’anastomose (SA) à 1 an, par une étude prospective longitudinale multicentrique en population (n=1082). Les données à la naissance et à un an étaient relevées grâce au registre national français de l’AO (RENATO). Vingt-trois pour cent des enfants présentaient une SA à l’âge de 1 an, et les seuls facteurs de risque de SA identifiés étaient chirurgicaux (anastomose sous tension et anastomose retardée).Le troisième travail a porté sur les facteurs de risque et l’histoire naturelle du reflux gastro-oesophagien (RGO) à l’âge de 6 ans, par une étude prospective longitudinale multicentrique d’une cohorte nichée dans le registre RENATO (n=286). Les données à 6 ans étaient relevées grâce au réseau des centres participant au registre, avec la même méthodologie que le registre. Un tiers des enfants présentaient un RGO à l’âge de 6 ans, et 20% d’entre eux en avaient été opérés. La présence d’un RGO à l’âge de 1 an, un antécédent de gastrostomie avant l’âge d’un an, le sexe masculin et la dénutrition étaient les 4 facteurs prédictifs de RGO à l’âge de 6 ans. Le RGO pouvait disparaître, persister ou apparaître de novo à l’âge de 6 ans.Ce travail a permis la description du DS, nouvelle complication fréquente observée à court terme dans l’AO, d’individualiser des groupes à risque de complication digestives à court et moyen terme (1 an pour les SA et 6 ans pour le RGO) et de décrire l’évolution naturelle à moyen terme du RGO. Ses perspectives sont d’étudier la physiopathologie du DS dans l’AO et de poursuivre le suivi de la cohorte nichée à 12-13 ans, afin de mieux décrire l’histoire naturelle et d’aider à repérer les populations à risque pour adapter le suivi et le traitement de ces patients
- …
