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EVALUASI INTERAKSI OBAT JANTUNG KORONER PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN
Get PDFCoronary heart disease is the most common cause of death globally. Deaths in patients with coronary heart disease are 7.8 million out of 11.11 million people in developing countries in 2020. One of the factors that can worsen heart disease is drug interactions caused by patients with heart disease not only having one disease but followed by other diseases. so that they use more than one kind of drug. The purpose of this study was to describe the treatment profile of CHD patients and drug interactions in coronary heart inpatients at Imelda General Hospital, Indonesian Workers. This research is an observational study designed with retrospective descriptive design. Data analysis was carried out by screening drug interactions using the Drug Interaction Checker. The results showed that the criteria for CHD patients mostly occurred in women (56.3%) at the age of 56-60 years (23.9%). The distribution of diagnoses in CHD patients had the most three diagnoses of disease and with the most comorbidities, namely dyspepsia (20.6%) and diabetes mellitus (19.0%). The most widely used coronary heart therapy in inpatients at Imelda Workers' Hospital in Indonesia was SDN (12.7%) while the combination therapy was Clopidogrel and Concor (4.2%). Drug interactions in CHD patients were mostly nifedipine and atorvastatin with moderate levels
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK (GGK) DI UNIT HEMODIALISA RSU IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN
Get PDFChronic kidney failure (CKD) is a clinical symptom caused by chronic, progressive, and irreversible kidney function disorders. The World Health Organization (2017) reports that globally, CKD occurs in more than 500 million people. According to Riskesdas (2018) the prevalence of CKD based on a doctor's diagnosis in the population aged 15 years in Indonesia is 0.38% while in North Sumatra it is 0.33%. This method replaces the work normally carried out by the kidneys, namely cleansing the blood of metabolic wastes, toxic substances, and removing accumulated water in the body. This study aims to see the pattern of use of antihypertensives in patients with chronic kidney failure in hemodialysis Imelda Indonesian Workers General Hospital Medan period 2020. This study is a descriptive observation study in which data were taken retrospectively and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. The pattern of use of antihypertensives in CKD patients in the hemodialysis unit of Imelda RSU Indonesian Workers is mostly amlodipine 13.0%, and the most widely used combination therapy is amlodipine with valsartan 14.4%
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN SABUN PADAT TRANSPARAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN CABE RAWIT (Capsicum Frutescens L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne
Get PDFCayenne pepper leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) can traditionally be used as an alternative treatment for acne from natural ingredients. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and concentration of the transparent solid soap formulation ethanol extract of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frustescens L.) leaves in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria (Propionibacterium acne). The method used in this research is experimental. Making cayenne pepper leaf extract (Capsicum Frutescens L.) by maceration method using 96% ethanol then making a transparent solid soap formulation and testing the effectiveness of antibacterial using disc paper diffusion method against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone for bacterial growth so that it can known Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The concentration of Cayenne pepper leaf extract and the transparent solid soap formula used were (FI) 1%; (FII) 2%; (FIII) 3% and blanks (K+) Ranee soap and (K-) extractless soap. Evaluation of the physical quality of transparent solid soap preparations includes: organoleptic test, pH test, foam power test. From the test results, the average transparent solid soap preparation with a concentration of 1% produced an inhibition zone of 10.7 mm, a concentration of 2% produced an inhibition zone of 11.8 mm, and a concentration of 3% produced an inhibition zone of 12.6 mm. Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) which produced the best ethanol extract of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) leaves was found at a concentration of 1% with a Width of Inhibitory Power (LDH) of 10.7 mm. The One Way Anova test obtained a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, so the results were significant, so there were significant differences between treatments. This means that the use of cayenne pepper leaf extract (Capsicum frutescens L.) has an effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI FRAKSI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI PETAI CINA (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit) DENGAN METODE DPPH
Get PDFPetai cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit) termasuk suku Leguminosae. Petai cina cocok hidup di dataran rendah sampai ketinggian 1500 meter diatas permukaan laut. Biji petai cina dikonsumsi sebagai lalapan yang memiliki banyak khasiat salah satunya sebagai antioksidan penangkal radikal bebas sehingga dapat mencegah berbagai macam penyakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmenguji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, dan fraksi etil asetat dari biji petai cina. Ekstrak etanol dan hasil fraksinasi diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dengan menggunakan metode 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dilakukan dengan mengukur absorbansi DPPH pada ekstrak etanol,fraksin-heksan dan etil asetat. Kemampuan antioksidan diukur dari penurunan absorbansi yang semakin besar menunjukan aktivitas antioksidan yang semakin besar pula. Fraksi n-heksan memiliki penurunan yang paling besar, kemudian ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat.Penurunan nilai absorbansi menunjukan telah terjadi penangkapan / peredaman radikal bebas DPPH oleh larutan uji sehingga menunjukan adanya aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol,fraksin-heksan dan etil asetat
PREFORMULASI: KONSENTRASI AMILUM BUAH PISANG SINGALI-NGALI (Musa Acuminata Lady Finger) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGIKAT TERHADAP TABLET PARACETAMOL METODE GRANULASI BASAH YANG MEMENUHI PERSYARATAN FARMAKOPE
Get PDFCurrently, bananas can be processed and used to produce starch. Research results show that bananas have a lot of nutrients per 100 grams. There is 99 kcal of energy, 1.2 grams of protein, 0.2 grams of fat, 93% carbohydrates, 2.93% water (Shekhara Naik R et al., 2023). Because of their carbohydrate content, bananas can be made into starch. These bananas will be used as the main ingredient to make banana starch. This starch can be used in the pharmaceutical industry as an additional ingredient for making tablets because of its properties as a binder, disintegrant and filler. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the concentration of Singali-Ngali banana starch (Musa Acuminata Colla) as a binding agent in granule evaluation tests that meet the requirements of the VI edition of the Pharmacopoeia. This research method is included in quantitative experimental research, which is carried out in the laboratory. The stages of this research started from sample preparation, making banana starch, characteristics test, carbohydrate test, pre-formulation, granule evaluation test and paracetamol tablet evaluation test from singali ngali banana binder. The results obtained from the Singali Ngali banana binder can have a positive influence with the p value 0,05 at a CL value of 95% From the conclusion, all formulas meet the requirements as binder
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
EVALUASI INTERAKSI OBAT ANTIRETROVIRAL PASIEN HIV-AIDS RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN
Get PDFHIV/AIDS merupakan masalah kesehatan global dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi, meskipun terapi antiretroviral (ARV) terbukti efektif dalam menghambat perkembangan virus. Namun, interaksi antara obat ARV dan obat lain yang diberikan sering kali mempengaruhi efektivitas terapi serta meningkatkan risiko efek samping. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi interaksi obat ARV menjadi penting untuk memastikan keamanan dan efektivitas terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melibatkan interaksi obat antiretroviral secara farmasetik, farmakokinetik, dan farmakodinamik pada pasien rawat inap dengan HIV/AIDS di RSU IPI Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional retrospektif dengan mengumpulkan data dari rekam medis pasien HIV/AIDS yang dirawat di RSU IPI Medan pada periode Januari–Desember 2023. Data yang dianalisis meliputi karakteristik pasien, jenis obat ARV yang digunakan, serta potensi interaksi obat berdasarkan mekanisme farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik. Dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi obat antiretroviral yang paling banyak digunakan adalah tenofovir (TDF), lamivudin (3TC), dan dolutegravir (DTG), yang digunakan oleh 40 pasien (57%). Dari total tersebut, terdapat 82 kasus interaksi obat (97,6%), dengan tingkat keparahan interaksi sedang sebanyak 69%, mayor 24%, dan minor 7%. Interaksi dengan mekanisme farmakokinetik mencapai 68%, farmakodinamik sebesar 32% dan interaksi secara farmasetik tidak ada. Penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pemantauan yang lebih ketat dan kolaborasi antar tenaga kesehatan untuk meminimalkan risiko interaksi obat dalam pengobatan pasien HIV/AID
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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