24 research outputs found
Connection Among Spacecrafts And Ground Level Observations Of Small Solar Transient Events
No full textAn overview of the results of the search for small solar transient events, in association with muon enhancements (deficits) registered at ground-level by the Tupi muon telescopes, is presented. Among the events, there are three interplanetary shocks and two solar flares of small scale whose X-ray emission flux is much smaller than 10 -5 W m -2 at 1 AU (GOES-Tupi connection). Two of the interplanetary shocks are cataloged as corotating interaction region and the third shock is due to the passage of a CME(coronal mass ejection) ejecta (ACE and SOHO-Tupi connection) in the Earth's proximities. In most cases, the particles excess (deficit) coming from these events have only been observed with spacecraft instruments. However, the Tupi telescopes are located at sea level and within the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), a region where the shielding effect of the magnetosphere is not perfectly spherical and shows a 'dip'. This fact enables the muon telescopes to achieve a low rigidity of response to primary and secondary charged particles (≥ 0.1 GV). Muon excesses (deficits) with significances above 4σ have been found. These events observed at ground admit a temporal correlation with solar transient events observed by spacecrafts, which suggests strongly a real connection between them. Details of these observations are reported. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.3102/03/15177197Augusto, C.R.A., Navia, C.E., Tsui, K.H., Muon enhancements at sea level in association with Swift-BAT and MILAGRO triggers (2008) Phys. Rev., D77, p. 123008Casolino, M., PAMELA Collaboration: Observations of primary, trapped and quasi trapped particles with PAMELA experiment (2008) Proceedings 30th ICRC, 1, p. 709. , MeridaGupta, S.P., Solar activity and atmospheric tide effect on the polar conductivity and the vertical electric field in the stratosphere at low latitude (2003) Adv. Space Res., 34, p. 1798Augusto, C.R.A., Simultaneous observation at sea level and at 5200 m.a.s.l. of high energy particles in the South Atlantic Anomaly (2010) Astropart. Phys., 34, p. 40Iucci, N., Parisi, M., Storini, M., Villoresi, G., High-speed solar-wind streams and galactic cosmic-ray modulation (1979) Il Nuovo Cimento, 2 C, p. 421Richardson, I.G., Cane, H.V., Cliver, E.W., Sources of geomagnetic activity during nearly three solar cycles (1972-2000) (2002) J. Geophys. Res., , doi:10.1029/2001JA000504Krucker, S., Benz, A.J., Energy distribution of heating processes in the quiet solar corona (1998) Astrophys. J., 501, pp. L213Berghmans, D., Clette, F., Moses, D., A panoramic view by EIT on board SOHO (1998) Astron. Astrophys., 336, p. 1039Aschwand, M.J., Time variability of the "quiet" Sun observed with TRACE. II. Physical parameters, temperature evolution, and energets of extreme-ultraviolet nanoflares (2000) Astrophys. J., 535, p. 1027Ruffolo, D., Khumlumlert, T., Propagation of coherent pulses of solar cosmic rays (1995) Proceeding 24th ICRC, 4, p. 277. , RomeNavia, C.E., Is there an enhancement of muons at sea level from transient events? (2005) Astrophys. J., 621, p. 1137Augusto, C.R.A., Muon excess at sea level from solar flares in association with the Fermi GBM spacecraft detector (2011) Phys. Rev. D, , arXiv: 1012. 1561v1 [astro-ph. SR
Uniqueness Of Centaouro-type Events
No full textAnalysis to discriminate Centauro events from normal events is made without previous identification of secondary emitted particles. For this purpose their energy and derived quantities like distance from the center of momenta it were mainly used. As a result we found in a sample of (280+87) experimental events only 3 were compatible with 5 Centauro events, but none of them had a high content of hadrons, characteristic of Centauro events. With this result we are confident about the uniqueness of Centauro events, especially for two events that have vertex directly determined. Comparing with some interaction models features we depict a possible scenario to explain Centauro events.122197200Pancheri, G., Rubbia, C., (1984) Nucl. Phys., A418, p. 117Gaisser, T.K., Halzen, F., (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 54 (16), p. 1754(1989), p. 327. , B-J Collaboration, 41th Brazilian Society for Promotion of Science, Fortaleza-Ceará(1989) and 10th Brazilian National Meeting on Particle and Fields, Itatiaia-Rio de JaneiroAugusto, C.R.A., Barroso, S.L.C., Beggio, P.C., Carvalho, A.O., Menon, M.J., Navia, C.E., Oliveira, R., Shibuya, E.H., (2001), p. 1422. , (BRAZIL-JAPAN COLLABORATION OF CHACALTAYA EMULSION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT), Proc.27th ICR Hamburg, HE300Augusto, C.R.A., Barroso, S.L.C., Beggio, P.C., Carvalho, A.O., Menon, M.J., Navia, C.E., Oliveira, R., Shibuya, E.H., (2001), p. 1537. , (BRAZIL-JAPAN COLLABORATION OF CHACALTAYA EMULSION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT, Proc.27th ICR Hamburg, HE3.0
Search For Disoriented Chiral Condensate In Cosmic γ-hadron Families
No full textWe present a systematic study of the large asymmetries in neutral pion fraction distribution in high energy cosmic ray families (100 TeV<Evis<700 TeV) detected at high mountain altitudes at Pamir (4300 m, 595 g/cm2). With this in mind we have constructed robust observables, ratios of factorial moments, in experimental and simulated families in a similar way. We have found that our experimental data do not exclude the possibility of a DCC formation mechanism in high energy interactions. ©1999 The American Physical Society.59516Bayburina, S.G., (1981) Nucl. Phys., B191, p. 1Arisawa, T., (1994) Nucl. Phys., B424, p. 241Kopenkin, V., (1997) Nuovo Cimento C, 19, p. 1017Bjorken, J., (1992) Acta Phys. Pol. A, 7, p. 4189Lattes, C.M.G., (1980) Phys. Rep., 61, p. 151Brooks, T.C., (1997) Phys. Rev. D, 55, p. 5667Baradzei, L.T., (1992) Nucl. Phys., B370, p. 365Navia, C.E., (1997) Phys. Rev. D, 55, p. 5834Hasegawa, S., (1996) Nucl. Phys., B474, p. 141Minakata, H., (1996) Phys. Lett. B, 377, p. 135Niihori, Y., (1987) Phys. Rev. D, 36, p. 783(1987) Nucl. Phys., B291, p. 445Tamada, M., (1994) J. Phys. G, 20, p. 487Augusto, C.R.A., (1995) Phys. Rev. D, 52, p. 4976Tamada, M., (1995) J. Phys. G., 21, p. 1387Moriya, M., (1997), Master thesis, Waseda Universit
Possible Dcc Signature In γ-hadron Families Seen Through Robust Observables
No full textWe have found by using robust observables in experimental cosmic ray gamma-hadron families (100 TeV < Evis < 700 TeV) detected at mountain altitudes that there are peculiar clusters with large asymmetries in the neutral pion fraction distribution, absent in the artificial generic families. A qualitative explanation of this result can be associated to copious production of pions in the far-forward angular region from a channel of DCC generation in nuclear collisions.751-2206208Bjorken, J., (1992) Acta Phys. Pol., A7, p. 4189Lattes, C.M.G., (1980) Phys. Rep., 61, p. 151Brooks, T.C., (1997) Phys. Rev., D55, p. 5667Baradzei, L.T., (1992) Nucl. Phys. B, 370, p. 365Arisawa, T., (1994) Nucl. Phys. B, 424, p. 241Kopenkin, V., (1997) IL Nuovo Cimento, 19 C (N6), p. 1017(1987) Nucl. Phys. B, 291, p. 445Tamada, M., (1994) J. Phys. G:Nucl. Part. Phys., 20, p. 487Augusto, C.R.A., (1995) Phys. Rev., D52, p. 4976Navia, C.E., (1997) Phys Rev., D55, p. 5834Bayburina, S.G., (1981) Nucl. Phys. B, 191, p. 1Moriya, M., Master Thesis, Waseda University, 1997, unpublishe
Identification Of Hadrons In Centauro Events
No full textSince the observation of a remarkable cosmic ray induced event, in experiments with emulsion chambers, a search for similar events was started. In spite of no observation of events showing the unusual aspect of Centauro I, another remarkable event with a high content of hadrons was observed. Moreover, this Centauro V has a hadron that interacts twice at deeper layers of the detector and has energy between (16-20)% of the total energy of the main interaction, the former figure for all showers and the last only for hadron-induced showers. Therefore, to classify it as a Centauro type event it is crucial to look for reasonable criterion to identify hadronic particles. Previous analysis adopted only one criterion for each shower observed in the films. Nowadays, an improved re-analysis uses at least two criteria for each shower. The main purpose of this paper is to show that the showers observed are properly identified as of hadronic origin and so we conclude that is an authentic Centauro event produced by the interaction of a hadron 500 m above the detector and interacting twice in the lower part of the chamber.122193196Augusto, C.R.A., Barroso, S.L.C., Beggio, P.C., Carvalho, A.O., Menon, M.J., Navia, C.E., Oliveira, R., Shibuya, E.H., (Brasil-Japan Collaboration of Chacaltaya Emulsion Chamber Experiment), uniqueness of Centauro-type events, submitted to this symposium.)(1971) Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., 47, p. 1. , Brasil-Japan Collaboration of Chacaltaya Emulsion Chamber ExperimentLattes, C.M.G., Fujimoto, Y., Hasegawa, S., (1980) Phys. Rep., 65, p. 151(1983) Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., 76, p. 1. , Brasil-Japan Collaboration of Chacaltaya Emulsion Chamber ExperimentPancheri, G., Rubbia, C., (1984) Nucl. Phys., A418, pp. 117cAlexopoulos, T., (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 60, p. 162
Design, Engineering and Experimental Testing of Tubular Glass Columns
No full textThis research revolves around the design, fabrication and testing of tubular glass columns, with particular focus on their redundancy and fire-safety mechanisms; moreover, addressing aspects such as: the column shape; cleaning and maintenance; end connections; geometric tolerances in the glass and demountability. Two alternative circular hollow (tube) column designs are initially developed and engineered to address these aspects, namely: the MLA (Multi Layered with Air) and the SLW (Single Layered with water). In both concepts the main load-bearing structure consists of two concentric laminated glass tubes. Thus, in order to explore the manufacturing challenges and structural potential of these concepts, the prototyping and experimental work focuses on six 300 mm long samples with 115 mm outer diameter that are laminated and fitted into customized, engineered steel end-connections. Particular attention in terms of manufacturing is paid to the lamination process and associated bubble formation, the possible fracture of the glass by internal resin-curing stresses and the interface between the glass tube and the steel end-connections. All samples are laminated with Ködistruct LG 2-PU component. Three samples are assembled using DURAN® (annealed) glass and the other three are using DURATAN® (heat-strengthened) glass. Subsequently, the six samples are tested in compression until failure to investigate the behaviour of the interlayer material, the post-fracture behaviour of the designs, the differences between annealed and heat-strengthened samples, the capacity of the glass tubes and the performance of the end connections. Initial cracks appeared between 95-160 kN (compression strength of 30-50 MPa) in the DURAN® samples and between 120-160 kN (compression strength of 37-50 MPa) in the DURATAN® samples. These loads are lower than the ones estimated by calculations; in specific, the first cracks occurred at 34-64% of the calculated load. Nevertheless, the samples are found to be robust, with a considerable load-bearing capacity beyond the first cracks, leading to a maximum nominal compression strength capacity of up to 152 MPa for the DURATAN® samples and up to 233 MPa for the DURAN® samples.Applied MechanicsStructural Design & Mechanic
Hadron-rich Cosmic-ray Families Detected By Emulsion Chamber
No full textThe observed hadrons in excess, larger-than-expected charged mesons (pions) in cosmic-ray families detected in emulsion chamber experiment at mountain altitude (5220 m above sea level) and produced in cosmic-ray hadronic interaction not far from PeV energy region are here studied. The hypothesis that these extra hadrons could be a bundle of surviving nuclear fragments (nucleons) is verified through a simulation method using a hybrid code composed by a superposition model to describe the number of interacting pairs of nucleon-nucleon in a nucleus-nucleus collision. Together with the UA5 algorithm to describe nucleon-nucleon collision, atmospheric propagation structure is also considered. A comparison between simulation output with experimental data shows that the surviving-nuclear-fragments hypothesis is not enough to explain non-pionic hadron excess, even if a heavy dominance composition in the primary flux is considered. © 1995 Società Italiana di Fisica.108111341135
γ-hadron Families Sensitivity To Disoriented Chiral Condensates
No full textPresented in this study is a possible coherent emission of pions from a large domain of disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) in the leading particle region, through their influence on the development of the γ-hadron families, initiated by cosmic ray particles in the atmosphere. The production rate of DCC's is obtained by using a phenomenological framework in the quenching approximation and is included in a Monte Carlo code. In this context, we have found, under the assumption of a "normal" proton dominant composition in the primary flux, that the anomalous hadron-rich families, observed in the experimental data, can be reproduced. However, the production rate of DCC's obtained here is not enough to describe the global characteristics, such as the family flux, observed at mountain altitudes. The implications of these results are here discussed.55958345840Das Gupta, U., (1992) Phys. Rev. D, 45, p. 1459Cosmic Ray Conference (1993) Proceedings of the 23th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 2, p. 97. , Calgary, Canada, 1993, edited by R. B. Hicks et al. (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994)(1990) Astrophys. J., 349, pp. L25Ichimura, M., (1993) Phys. Rev. D, 48, p. 1949Lattes, C.M.J., Fujimoto, Y., Hasegawa, S., (1980) Phys. Rep., 65, p. 152Navia, C.E., (1994) Phys. Rev. D, 50, p. 5732Iwai, J., University of Washington Report No. UWSEA92-06 (unpublished)Baradzei, L.T., (1992) Nucl. Phys., B370, p. 365Niihori, Y., (1987) Phys. Rev. D, 36, p. 783Alner, G.L., (1987) Nucl. Phys., B291, p. 445Belletine, G., (1973) High Energy Collisions, , edited by C. Quigg, AIP Conf. Proc. 15 AIP, New YorkCool, R.L., (1982) Phys. Rev. Lett., 48, p. 2451Goulianos, K., (1983) Phys. Rep., 101, p. 169Albrow, M.G., (1976) Nucl. Phys., B108, p. 1Nikolsky, S.J., (1975) Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz., 39, p. 1160Anselm, A.A., Ryskin, M.G., (1991) Phys. Lett. B, 266, p. 482Rajagopal, K., Wilczek, F., (1993) Nucl. Phys., B399, p. 395Bjorken, J.D., (1992) Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 7, p. 4189Bjorken, J.D., (1992) Acta Phys. Pol. B, 23, p. 561Kowalski, K.L., Taylor, C.C., Case West Report No. CWRUTH-92-6 (unpublished)Bjorken, J.D., Kowalski, K.L., Taylor, C.C., (1993), Report No. SLAC-PUB-6109, (unpublished)Blaizot, J.P., Krzywicki, A., (1992) Phys. Rev. D, 46, p. 246Asakawa, M., (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, p. 3126Bank, S.Y., Cosmic Ray Conference, 4, p. 62Bank, S.Y., (1991) Phys. Rev. C, 43, p. 1410Jones, L., (1995) Proceedings of the 24th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 1, p. 886. , Roma, Italy, edited by Nunzio Iucci (Arti Grafiche Editoriale, Urbino, Italy, 1995)Bjorken, J., (1993) 23rd International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (1993), , Proceedings, Aspen, Colorado, edited by M. L. Block and A. White (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994
γ-ray Bundles At The Cores Of Extensive Air Showers And Primary Cosmic Ray Identification
No full textWe present a useful clue to estimate the energy and chemical composition of the primary cosmic radiation between 1014 and 1017 eV. The method uses various kinds of quantities as measured by a hybrid detector, an emulsion chamber in the central part of an extensive air shower (EAS) array at mountain altitude. The characteristic features needed for the analysis are derived in detail through the Monte Carlo method. The procedure permits an analysis on individual events; it gives an estimation of the mass and energy of a primary nucleus initiating a shower. The estimation of the primary energy is with quite negligible ambiguity. We show that the EAS size measurement could be complementary to quantities as measured by an emulsion chamber detector to improve the accuracy of the primary cosmic ray identification. © 1995 The American Physical Society.5294976498
