100,381 research outputs found
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Visfatina: un potencial biomarcador de esteatohepatitis no alcohólica en mujeres con obesidad mórbida no diabéticas
No full textSe estudiaron los niveles circulantes de Visfatina mediante ELISA en el suero de 93 mujeres con obesidad mórbida (OM) y de 40 mujeres sin sobrepeso. También se analizó la expresión génica de Visfatina en el tejido hepático y adiposo utilizando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real.
RESULTADOS
Los niveles circulantes de Visfatina fueron significativamente superiores en las mujeres con OM en comparación al grupo de mujeres sin sobrepeso. En las mujeres con OM los niveles circulantes de Visfatina correlacionaban significativamente con niveles circulantes de las transaminasas, interleuquina-6 y de la proteína C reactiva. Los niveles de Visfatina en el suero de las mujeres con OM eran significativamente superiores en aquellas que habían desarrollado una hepatopatía grasa no alcohólica (HGNA) en comparación con los de las que presentaban una histología hepática normal.
La expresión hepática de Visfatina estaba significativamente aumentada en las mujeres con OM respecto a la de las mujeres sin sobrepeso y fue también significativamente superior en las mujeres con OM que desarrollaron una HGNA comparado con las que presentaban histología hepática normal.
En el tejido adiposo subcutáneo y visceral, la expresión génica de Visfatina fue independiente del desarrollo de la HGNA.
En presencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), los niveles circulantes de Visfatina en mujeres con OM fueron significativamente mayores respecto a los de las mujeres OM no diabéticas. En cambio, no se observaron diferencias en la expresión hepática de Visfatina en relación con la presencia de DM2.
En el subgrupo de mujeres con OM no diabéticas los niveles circulantes y la expresión hepática de Visfatina fueron significativamente mayores en la esteatohepatitis (EHNA) que en la esteatosis.
CONCLUSIÓN
Los niveles circulantes y la expresión hepática de Visfatina en mujeres con OM se relacionan con el desarrollo de la HGNA. En mujeres con OM no diabéticas, los niveles circulantes y la expresión hepática de Visfatina están relacionados con la presencia de EHNA. Estos resultados sugieren la posible utilidad de la determinación de los niveles circulantes de Visfatina como biomarcador de la presencia de EHNA en mujeres con OM no diabéticas.
Artículos y comunicaciones:
1. Terra X, Auguet T, Quesada I, Aguilar C, Luna AM, Hernández M, Sabench F, Porras JA, Martinez S, Lucas A, Pellitero S, Llutart J, Del Castillo D, Richart C. Increased levels and adipose tissue expression of visfatin in morbidly obese women. The relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2011 Dec 19.
2. Terra X, Quintero Y, Auguet T, Porras JA, Hernández M, Sabench F, Aguilar C, Luna AM, Del Castillo D, Richart C. FABP 4 is associated with inflammatory markers and metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011; 164:539-47.
3. Auguet T, Quintero Y, Riesco D, Morancho B, Terra X, Crescenti A, Broch M, Aguilar C, Olona M, Porras JA, Hernandez M, Sabench F, del Castillo D, Richart C. New adipokines vaspin and omentin. Circulating levels and gene expression in adipose tissue from morbidly obese women. BMC Med Genet. 2011. 28;12:60.
4. Terra X, Auguet T, Porras JA, Quintero Y, Aguilar C, Luna AM, Hernández M, Sabench F, del Castillo D, Richart C. Anti-inflammatory profile of FTO gene expression in adipose tissues from morbidly obese women. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2010; 26:1041-50.
5. Teresa Auguet, Ximena Terra, Jose Antonio Porras, Josep Maria Orellana-Gavaldà, Salomé Martinez, Carmen Aguilar, Anna Lucas, Silvia Pellitero, Mercé Hernández, Daniel Del Castillo, Cristóbal Richart. Plasma Visfatin levels and gene expression in morbidly obese women with associated fatty liver disease. Clin Biochem 2012 (in press).ABSTRACT
We studied circulating levels of Visfatin by ELISA in serum samples from 93 morbidly obese (MO) women and 40 normal-weight control women. Also we analyzed Visfatin gene expression in liver and adipose tissues by RT-PCR.
RESULTS
Circulating levels of Visfatin were significantly higher in MO women compared to normal-weight control women. In MO women, circulating Visfatin levels correlated significantly with circulating levels of transaminases, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. Visfatin levels in serum of MO women were significantly higher in those patients who developed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared to those which presented normal liver histology.
The hepatic expression of Visfatin was significantly increased in MO women compared to normal-weight control women and was also significantly higher in MO women who developed NAFLD compared with MO women with normal liver histology.
Visfatin gene expression, in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues was independent of the development of NAFLD.
In presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), circulating levels of Visfatin in MO women were significantly higher compared to non-diabetic MO women. In contrast, there were no differences in hepatic expression of Visfatin in relation to the presence of DM2.
In the subgroup of non-diabetic MO women circulating levels and hepatic expression of Visfatin were significantly higher in steatohepatitis (NASH) than in steatosis.
CONCLUSION
Circulating levels and hepatic expression of Visfatin in MO women are related to the development of NAFLD. In MO women non-diabetic, circulating levels and hepatic expression of Visfatin are associated with the presence of NASH. These results suggest the potential usefulness of the determination of Visfatin circulating levels as a biomarker of the presence of NASH in non-diabetic MO women
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
Wave turbulence of a rotating array of quantized vortices in the T → 0 temperature limit
No full textThe dynamics of quantized vortices in the zero temperature limit is currently of great interest, particularly in the case of the Fermi superfluid He-B. Here we study wave turbulence, generated by the librating motion of a rotating cylindrical container filled with He-B, in the limit of vanishing viscous forces at temperatures . The polarization of the quantized vortices with respect to the axis of rotation is measured using non-invasive NMR techniques. We observe a decrease of the polarization when the librating motion is started, and a two-stage relaxation process when the modulation of the rotation velocity is stopped. The first relaxation process is associated with the dissipation of large-scale flow stored in inertial waves and the solid body rotation of the vortex array. From the decay of these energy reservoirs we determine the rate of energy dissipation of large-scale flow. The later second process is related to the relaxation of Kelvin waves on individual vortices. This process is monitored by the recovery of the polarization. The existence of a Kelvin wave cascade at the lowest temperatures is currently a central open question. We supply some evidence for the cascade
DNA fusion gene vaccination mobilizes effective anti-leukemic cytotoxic T lymphocytes from a tolerized repertoire
No full textThe majority of known human tumor-associated antigens derive from non-mutated self proteins. T cell tolerance, essential to prevent autoimmunity, must therefore be cautiously circumvented to generate cytotoxic T cell responses against these targets. Our strategy uses DNA fusion vaccines to activate high levels of peptide-specific CTL. Key foreign sequences from tetanus toxin activate tolerance-breaking CD4+ T cell help. Candidate MHC class Ibinding tumor peptide sequences are fused to the C terminus for optimal processing and presentation. To model performance against a leukemia-associated antigen in a tolerized setting, we constructed a fusion vaccine encoding an immunodominant CTL epitopederived from Friend murine leukemia virus gag protein (FMuLVgag) and vaccinated tolerant FMuLVgag-transgenic (gag-Tg) mice. Vaccination with the construct induced epitopespecificIFN-c-producing CD8+ T cells in normal and gag-Tg mice. The frequency and avidity of activated cells were reduced in gag-Tg mice, and no autoimmune injury resulted. However, these CD8+ T cells did exhibit gag-specific cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Also, epitope-specific CTL killed FBL-3 leukemia cells expressing endogenous FMuLVgag antigen and protected against leukemia challenge in vivo. These results demonstrate a simple strategy to engage anti-microbial T cell help to activate epitope-specific polyclonal CD8+ T cell responses from a residual tolerized repertoire
Acoustic radiation due to scattering of T-S wave by the mean-flow distortion induced by steady local suction
No full textSubstantial sound waves can be generated by boundary-layer instability modes when the latter are scattered by a rapid mean-flow distortion. This is a rather generic mechanism and operates when an oncoming T-S wave is scattered by a steady local suction slot. This paper focuses on this problem by extending a recently developed Local Scattering Theory (Wu & Dong, J. Fluid Mech. submitted), where a so-called transmission coefficient, defined as the ratio of the T-S wave amplitude downstream of the scatter to that upstream, is introduced to characterize the effect of a local scatter on boundary-layer instability and transition. As in the earlier work, the mathematical formulation is based on triple-deck formulism, but in order to accommodate the acoustic far field, which was not considered in the paper mentioned, the unsteady terms in the upper deck, which play a leading-order role in radiation, are retained, and the influence of the radiated sound on the near-wall perturbation is included. The upper deck equation for the pressure is the Helmholtz equation rather than the Laplace equation. This leads to a modified pressure-displacement relation, which is coupled with the linearized boundary-layer equations in the lower deck. Discretization of the whole system formulates a generalized eigenvalue problem, which is solved numerically. It is found that suction suppresses oncoming T-S waves, and this effect increases with the suction velocity and the slot width. The directivity is ndependent of the flow parameters only when the Mach number is low. The intensity of the radiated sound in general increases with the frequency, the suction velocity and the width of the suction slot. Interestingly, for O(1) suction velocities, the radiated sound is very weak, indicating that the gain of stabilizing effect does not cause aeroacoustic penalty
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