1,720,989 research outputs found
Le patriciat linier normand (1860-1914)
No full textAuffret Marc. Le patriciat linier normand (1860-1914). In: Annales de Normandie, 31ᵉ année, n°1, 1981. pp. 59-75
Le choc de la Révolution et de l'Empire sur une économie régionale de l'Ouest : une catastrophe sans remède ?
No full textIf the handicaps resulting from the harmful économie ejfects of the Revolution and the Empire did not prevent France from carrying out her industrial Revolution in the 1830' s, they were strong enough to stop it reaching a number of regions, including the West. The study of Le Mans and the Sarthe enables us to make an essentiel point : due to regional economie structures, the consequences of these traumas were much more serious than in the (future) industrial areas. The class of pre-industrial entrepreneurs which existed before 1789 was « obliged » in order to adapt and « survive » to transform itself into agricultural and urban landowners. In the crucial period at the beginning of the industrial Revolution, the Sarthe no longer had sufficient entrepreneurs...Si les handicaps hérités des effets économiques néfastes de la Révolution et de l'Empire n'empêchèrent pas la France d'effectuer sa Révolution industrielle dans les années « 1830 », ils se révélèrent assez forts pour que celle-ci « épargne » nombre de régions dont l'Ouest. L'étude du cas du Mans et de la Sarthe permet de préciser un point essentiel : compte tenu des structures économiques régionales les conséquences de ces traumatismes y furent beaucoup plus graves que dans les (futures) régions industrielles. En effet la classe d'entrepreneurs pré-industriels existante avant 1789 fut « contrainte » pour s'adapter et « survivre » de se transformer en notables du sol et de la pierre. Dans la période cruciale des débuts de la Révolution industrielle, la Sarthe n'avait plus d'entrepreneurs en nombre suffisant...Auffret Marc. Le choc de la Révolution et de l'Empire sur une économie régionale de l'Ouest : une catastrophe sans remède ?. In: Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest. Tome 94, numéro 1, 1987. pp. 43-70
L'esprit d'entreprise : Jérémie Singher (1810-1890), directeur de la Mutuelle Mobilière Incendie du Mans (1842-1872)
No full textLe Mans is famous as a town of insurance owing to the "Mutuelles du Mans (Mutual Insurance Companies). " The main entrepreneurs who expanded these companies are still as unkown as all the body of employers working in the tertiary industries. Then Jérémie Singher who belong to the land owners class, caracteristic of West France, is representative of this type of entrepreneurs. In spite of the fact, he is not the founder of the Mobilière Incendie, created in 1842, he was an exceptionnal manager. He rescues this company from the economic crisis of 1848 and extends its circumscription to twenty departments. At the saine time, Adolphe Singher (son of J. Singher) begins to take over the management of the Mobilière, as assistant manager. J. Singher, an example of a great and bold entrepreneur retires from business in 1872. Then he enlarges and menages his considerable fort as the majority of agricultural and urban landowners of the West.Si la ville du Mans est connue comme «cité de l'assurance », c'est à l'évidence grâce au groupe des Mutuelles mancelles. Les grands entrepreneurs qui développèrent ces différentes sociétés restent mal connus, comme tous ceux du secteur tertiaire encore peu étudiés. Or Jérémie Singher est tout à fait représentatif de cette catégorie d'entrepreneurs appartenant aussi à la classe des (grands) notables qui domine l'ensemble de l'Ouest. Bien qu'il ne soit pas le créateur de la Mobilière Incendie, fondée en 1842, il a su insufler à la seconde des Mutuelles du Mans (la première, l'Immobilière Incendie date de 1828) un dynamisme remarquable. Il réussit à sauver cette société lors de la (grave crise) de 1848, réformant sa gestion et préparant l'expansion ultérieure. La société ayant étendu sa circonscription à vingt départements de l'Ouest, J. Singher dirige celle-ci et ses affaires propres en Espagne !) avec efficacité. Bien intégré au milieu des notables manceaux il assure sa succession : son fils Adolphe Singher devient directeur-adjoint en 1864. En 1872, après avoir prévu l'extension des opérations de la Mutuelle du Mans à l'échelle nationale, Jérémie Singher qui fut l'incarnation même de l'esprit d'entreprise, se consacre à la gestion et à l'accroissement de son (important) patrimoine, comme la plupart des notables de l'Ouest...Auffret Marc. L'esprit d'entreprise : Jérémie Singher (1810-1890), directeur de la Mutuelle Mobilière Incendie du Mans (1842-1872). In: Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest. Tome 100, numéro 3, 1993. pp. 333-355
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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