70 research outputs found
Une analyse empirique de l'impact de la libéralisation financière en Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 1983-1996
No full text[eng] Audrey Chouchane-Verdier — An empirical analysis of the impact of financial liberalisation in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1983-1996 period.. This article analyses the efficiency of financial liberalisation policies undertaken in the majority of Sub-Saharan African economies at the end of the 1980's and the beginning of the 1990's. The evolution of the index of financial development that has been designed here shows a general regression of banking performances and enhanced stability on loan markets. This paper studies in greater detail the case of the countries of the franc zone as regards the application of financial reforms and stresses the discrepancies of the established measures and the banking structures in this region of the world.
Working Paper 83 - Are African Countries Richer Than They Are Developed? A Multidimensional Analysis of Well-Being
No full textSen’s capability approach inspired a new conception of development and succeeded in the Human Development Index (HDI). On the basis of HDI critics, we propose to enlarge the number of variables and we use 9 indicators of Standard of Living and 9 indicators of Quality of Life that allows measuring two components of well-being and that can be divided into various fields (health, education, environment, etc.) to provide a finest measurement of poverty. The empirical results for 170 countries in 2000 are based on two different multidimensional analysis of poverty, the Totally Fuzzy Analysis and the Factorial Analysis of Correspondences. The conclusions depend on the considered method but are generally similar. The paper focuses on the African continent and shows that some countries are “richer” than “developed” or inversely. The correlation matrix between different indicators reveals that education is a key variable for defining poverty. Comparisons extended with HDI classification and GDP per capita classification prove that monetary poverty is related with all other dimensions of poverty and that the HDI takes into account its essential dimension even if it can’t be used to reduce some specific aspects as our original index.
Working Paper 116 - Unlocking Productive Entrepreneurship in Ethiopia: Which Incentives Matter
No full textTwenty years after the launch of market reforms, productive entrepreneurship and vibrant small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ethiopia remain limited, the recent growth acceleration notwithstanding. This paper first develops a model of entrepreneurial start ups in an economy with frictions in the product and labor markets and a large informal sector, which characterize the Ethiopian institutional landscape. It then examines several mitigating policies that could improve the suboptimal outcomes. The main findings are that search subsidies would be more effective in encouraging entrepreneurial start ups than wage subsidies, although fewer entrepreneurs may choose to operate in the formal sector than under the latter. Regarding the reform agenda, priority should be put on removing rigidities and establishing property rights. To be effective, both types of subsidies should have a time limit and be phased out with reforms of the business environment, strengthened property rights, and improved labor markets.
Building a Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textSustainable agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa; Agricultural economics; Climate change economics; Agricultural productivity; Modern technology adoption by farmers; Agricultural sustainability; Bioenergy Crop Adoption; Agro-Industrialization; Agriculture sector development; Environmental Efficiency; Global Value Chains; Regional value chains; African economic development; African agricultural transformation; Labour productivity; Drought Index Insurance; Supplemental irrigation; Special Economic Zones; ECOWAS countrie
Building a Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textSustainable agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa; Agricultural economics; Climate change economics; Agricultural productivity; Modern technology adoption by farmers; Agricultural sustainability; Bioenergy Crop Adoption; Agro-Industrialization; Agriculture sector development; Environmental Efficiency; Global Value Chains; Regional value chains; African economic development; African agricultural transformation; Labour productivity; Drought Index Insurance; Supplemental irrigation; Special Economic Zones; ECOWAS countrie
Development Research Briefs - Growth, Poverty, and Inequality in Selected African Middle Income Countries
No full textWorking Paper 124 - Post-Crisis Prospects for China-Africa Relations
No full textChina’s rapid growth has transformed its relationship with Africa. Industrialization has boosted China’s import demand for oil and minerals (e.g. iron ore, bauxite, nickel, copper), which Africa can satisfy. China is now Africa’s third largest trading partner and the Chinese governments going global strategy encouraged Chinese companies to become multinationals. The China-Africa relationship could be described as “commodities-for-infrastructure”, although a shift to broader cooperation on development is now evident. This paper discusses how China’s relationship with Africa is contributing to its overall development and emphasizes the central role of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). The principal conclusion is that while China is likely to remain engaged with Africa in the medium term, to reap the full benefits, African countries need to transform this engagement into additional development opportunities.
From the Relative Women Disadvantage Index to Women’s Quality‐of‐Life
No full textAbstract Using Sen’s capability approach and an aggregation methodology based on the fuzzy set approach, this article attempts to move beyond the main criticisms of the United Nations Development Programme indices for analysis of gender inequality. The Relative Women Disadvantage Index can be used to measure gender inequality in three domains (health, education, participation). It is complemented by the Women’s Quality‐of‐Life Index, constructed from indicators that concern only women and children. However, these two indices are strongly correlated and seem to buttress the idea that the battle against gender inequalities is a condition for improving human development.Africa, Multidimensional indices, Gender inequalities, Quality of life, Totally fuzzy analysis, Sen’s capability approach,
Labor market dynamics in Tunisia: The issue of youth unemployment
No full textThis paper analyzes the dynamics of the youth labor market in Tunisia using unique labor force survey data from 2005 to 2007 that include a longitudinal component. It first shows that sustained economic growth will reduce youth unemployment over the next few years. Second, forecasts indicate that the growth of private sector services has the highest potential to reduce youth unemployment. Third, the analysis of labor market characteristics reveals that young graduates experience long unemployment as they cue for high-skill jobs. Moreover, the public sector remains the main provider of employment opportunities for many graduates, in particular for women
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