67 research outputs found
Collapsing the labels ‘victim’ and ‘offender’ in the Victims’ Directive and the paradox of restorative justice
No full textLaws do not exist in a vacuum. They are born and contextualised within the given society that they are meant to regulate. In November 2015, the Victims’ Directive came into force to strengthen the position of the victim in criminal proceedings. Within this regional law, restorative justice is regulated so that it is provided safely, consistently and according to standards. Here, the author identifies a paradox. One of the key reasons that restorative justice resurfaced was to empower all those involved in harm to face what happened and collectively find a way forward. Restorative practices have so far been dominated by Christie's understanding of the ‘ideal victim’ versus the big bad offender. This paper attempts to challenge this approach by arguing that as equal parties in conflict and harm, the labels of ‘victim’ and ‘offender’ must be reconsidered if the benefits of restorative justice are to be fully enjoyed. Abolitionism, however, is not the way forward. As the restorative justice movement leaves the era of innovation and enters the new reality of integration, the author proposes a new restorative justice paradigm of co-existence with existing criminal justice priorities
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Experimental Synchronization of Chaotic Attractors Using Control
No full textThe focus of this thesis is to theoretically and experimentally investigate two new schemes of synchronizing chaotic attractors using chaotically operating diode resonators. The first method, called synchronization using control, is shown for the first time to experimentally synchronize dynamical systems. This method is an economical scheme which can be viably applied to low dimensional dynamical systems. The other, unidirectional coupling, is a straightforward means of synchronization which can be implemented in fast dynamical systems where timing is critical. Techniques developed in this work are of fundamental importance for future problems regarding high dimensional chaotic dynamical systems or arrays of mutually linked chaotically operating elements
Polarization square-wave switching in orthogonally delay-coupled semiconductor lasers
No full textNational audienceIn this contribution we study numerically the nonlinear dynamics of two edge-emitting semiconductor lasers be- ing mutually coupled through their normally non-lasing polarizations. Our main goal is to characterize square- wave polarization switching dynamics, similar to those recently reported experimentally
Dynamics of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers under selective polarization rotated feedback and coupling
No full textSemiconductor laser bifurcations
No full textSemiconductor lasers (SL) have a wide range of applications, but a weak optical feedback destabilizes its normal output. The instabilities generate higher intensity or frequency noise which are undesirable for certain applications. Fourier spectra measurements with numerical studies of rate equations show that these instabilities result from successive bifurcations. In this respect, the bifurcations are analyzed using modern asymptotic techniques, taking advantage of the natural parameters of laser equations. The laser subject to injection and the laser subject to an optical feedback are studied using the rate equations for the complex electrical field E and the carrier number N.SCOPUS: cp.pinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Numerical characterization of transient polarization square-wave switching in two orthogonally coupled VCSELs
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