1,720,988 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Predictors of adherence with follow-up subsequent to a suicide attempt
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-74).Suicide attempts are associated with an increased risk of repeat attempts, completed suicide, chronic psychiatric symptoms, and ongoing psychosocial difficulties. Data is lacking in several areas in the field of suicide prevention and it is vital that clinicians identify factors that increase treatment adherence among patients that attempt suicide. This study aims to examine adherence rates and predictors of adherence to follow-up after a suicide attempt among the patient population of the PEU of Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Underlying the study is the hypothesis that sociodemographic factors and the nature of the suicide attempt predict adherence with follow-up subsequent to a suicide attempt
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Brain structural and white matter changes in first-episode schizophrenia and their demographic, clinical and cognitive correlates
Full text linkThesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2018.ENGLISH SUMMARY : In schizophrenia, decreased brain volume and altered cortical thinning (especially in the frontal and temporal areas), as well as white matter deficits are described at the first-episode. The relationship between these brain measures and clinical symptoms, whether there is progression, and the extent to which antipsychotic medication contribute to or mitigate those changes remains unclear. The aim of this PhD was to examine cortical thickness, brain
volume (cortical, subcortical, white matter) and diffusion tensor imaging data, looking at the relationship between these brain measures and clinical variables in the first year of schizophrenia treatment. This PhD focused on the MRI subcomponent of a larger prospective longitudinal study in
first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients treated with flupenthixol decanoate medication. The thesis integrates the findings of five journal manuscripts that each focused on a clinically relevant neuroimaging question that emerged as we assessed patients in the parent study,
namely insight, childhood trauma, neuroimaging predictors of symptom expression, and antipsychotic related brain changes. In our first manuscript, baseline fractional anisotropy (FA) in a number of white matter tracts predicted poorer total insight in 89 FES patients, with a predilection for tracts associated with cortical midline structures. In our second manuscript, the ‘symptom misattribution’ domain of clinical insight was associated with significantly thinner left anterior cingulate and left rostral
middle frontal cortices. Our studies address a need for research in larger samples in FES to better understand the neurobiology of insight in schizophrenia. In our third manuscript, baseline FA deficits in cortico-limbic circuitry was associated with childhood trauma in 53
FES patients compared to 51 controls, and there were differential effects of childhood emotional neglect (increased FA) and sexual abuse (decreased FA) on white matter in patients. To our knowledge, at the time of manuscript submission for publication, this was the first study examining the relationship between childhood trauma, FA and FES. For our fourth manuscript, baseline brain measures in 54 FES patients were differentially associated with state and trait symptom expression over 12 months, with global gray matter
significantly associated with sensory integration and verbal learning trait scores, cortical volume with verbal learning trait scores, cortical thickness with social and occupational functioning trait scores, and white matter volume with motor coordination state scores. Of potential relevance to patient care is that these neuroimaging deficits at initial presentation in FES may predict enduring trait deficits in cognition, functioning and neurological soft signs. For our final manuscript, total antipsychotic dose was a predictor of substantial cortical brain
volume reductions over twelve months of treatment in 23 antipsychotic naïve patients compared to 53 matched controls. Our finding of a significant relationship between antipsychotic dose and cortical volume reduction in this study strongly suggests causality. Future research directions stemming from this PhD include further exploration of our
longitudinal data, strengthening our clinical assessments of insight and childhood trauma, connectomic analyses, a multi-modality neuroimaging approach, hippocampal subfield segmentation, and broadening our international collaborations.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : In skisofrenie word verminderde breinvolume en veranderde kortikale verdunning (veral in
die frontale en temporale areas) sowel as witstof-tekorte reeds by eerste aanvang beskryf. Die verwantskap tussen hierdie brein afmetings en kliniese simptome, of daar voorsetting is en die mate waartoe antipsigotiese medikasie hierdie veranderinge vererger of versag is
onduidelik. Die doelwit van hierdie PhD was om kortikale dikte, breinvolume (kortikaal subkortikaal, witstof) en “diffuse tensor” beeldingsdata te ondersoek deur te kyk na die verhouding tussen hierdie brein afmetings en kliniese veranderlikes gedurende die eerste jaar van skisofrenie behandeling. Hierdie PhD se fokus was die MRB sub-afdeling van ‘n omvattende prospektiewe longitudinale studie in eerste aanvangs skisofrenie (EAS) pasiënte behandel met flupenthixol dekanoaat medikasie. Die tesis integreer die bevindinge van vyf joernaal manuskripte wat elkeen gefokus het op ‘n klinies relevante neurobeeldingsvraagstuk soos na vore gekom tydens die assessering van pasiënte in die oorhoofse studie; naamlik insig, trauma tydens kinderjare, neurobeeldingsvoorspellers van simptoom uitdrukking, en antipsigotika-verwante
breinveranderinge. In ons eerste manuskrip het basislyn fraksionele anisotropie (FA) in ‘n aantal witstoftrakte
laer globale insig in 89 EAS pasiënte voorspel met ‘n voorkeur vir trakte geassosieer met midlyn kortikale strukture. In ons tweede manuskrip was die “symptom misattribution” domein
van kliniese insig geassosieer met ‘n beduidend dunner linker singulaat en linker rostrale middel frontale kortises. Ons studies spreek tot die behoefte vir groter studiegroepe in EAP om sodoende die neurobiologie van insig in skisofrenie beter te verstaan. In ons derde manuskrip was basislyn FA tekorte in kortiko-limbiese bane geassosieer met trauma in die kinderjare in 53 EAS pasiënte in vergelyking met 51 kontroles. Daar was ook differensiele effekte op witstof vir verwaarlosing in die kinderjare (verhoogde FA) en seksuele misbruik (verminderde FA) in pasiënte. Toe die manuskrip vir publikasie voorgelê is, was dit, na die beste van ons wete, die eerste studie wat die verwantskap tussen trauma in die
kinderjare, FA en EAP ondersoek het.
Vir ons vierde manuskrip was basislyn brein afmetings in 54 pasiënte differensieël
geassosieer met toestand en eienskap simptoom uitdrukking oor 12 maande, met globale grysstof beduidend geassosieer met sensoriese integrasie en verbale leer eienskap tellings, kortikale volume en verbale leer eienskap tellings; kortikale dikte met sosiale- en
werksfunksionering eienskap tellings en witstof volume met motor koordinasie toestand tellings. Dat hierdie neurobeeldingsuitvalle wat teenwoordig is met die eerste episode dalk blywende eienskap uitvalle in kognisie, funksionering en neurologiese sagte tekens mag
voorspel is potensieel van waarde vir pasiëntsorg. Vir ons laaste manuskrip het die totale antipsigotika dosis aansienlike kortikale breinvolume vermindering voorspel oor 12 maande van behandeling van 23 antipsigotika naïewe pasiënte in vergelyking met 53 ooreenstemmende kontroles.Our finding of a significant relationship between antipsychotic
dose and cortical volume reduction in this study strongly suggests causality. Ons bevinding in hierdie studie van ‘n beduidende verhouding tussen antipsigotika dosis en kortikale volume vermindering suggereer sterk oorsaaklikheid. Toekomstige navorsingsgeleenthede wat voortspruit uit hierdie PhD sluit in: verdere ondersoek van ons longitudinale data, geleenthede om kliniese assessering van insig en
trauma in kinderjare te versterk; “connectomic” analises, multi-modale
neurobeeldingsbenaderinge, hippokampale subveld segmentasie en die uitbreiding van ons internasionale samewerkings-ooreenkomste.Doctora
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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