990 research outputs found
Pioneers of Library Movement in Pakistan
No full textThe paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders
Arachidicoccus ginsenosidivorans Siddiqi & Aslam & Im 2017, SP. NOV.
No full textDESCRIPTION OF ARACHIDICOCCUS GINSENOSIDIVORANS SP. NOV. Arachidicoccus ginsenosidivorans (gin.se.no.si.di.vo′ rans. N. L. n. ginsenosidum ginsenoside; L. part. adj. vorans eating, devouring; N.L. part. adj. ginsenosidivorans ginsenosidedevouring). Cells are Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-motile and rod shaped (width, 0.4–1 µm; length, 1.5–3 µm). Colonies grown at 30 Ǫ C on nutrient agar for 2 days are light yellow, smooth, convex, opaque, circular with regular margins, and 2–3.5 mm in diameter. Growth occurs at 10–37 Ǫ C and pH 5–7 with 0–4 % NaCl (w/v). Optimum growth occurs at 30 Ǫ C and pH 7.0 with 0–1 % NaCl (w/v). Indole production is negative. In the API kits (API 20 NE, 32 GN and API ZYM), positive for the reduction of nitrate, and alkaline phosphatase, esterase, leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, napthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, a- galactosidase, b- galactosidase, a- glucosidase, N -acetyl-b- glucosaminidase and a - fucosidase activties. L- Rhamnose, sucrose, L- arabinose and melibiose are utilized. Negative for lipase, trypsin, b- glucuronidase, a- mannosidase, L- tryptophan, urease and gelatin hydrolysis. Does not utilize maltose, D- ribose, inositol, itaconic acid, suberic acid, sodium malonate, sodium acetate, lactic acid, L- alanine, potassium 5-ketogluconate, glycogen, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, L- serine, D- mannitol, capric acid, valeric acid, trisodium citrate, potassium 2-ketogluconate, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4- hydroxybenzoic acid, potassium gluconate, adipic acid, malic acid and phenylacetic acid. MK-7 is the predominant respiratory quinone and iso-C 15: 0, iso-C 15: 1 G, iso-C 17: 0 3- OH and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C 16: 1 Ɯ 7 c and/ or C 16: 1 Ɯ 6 c) are the major cellular fatty acids. The polar lipid profile is composed of PE, six unknown polar lipids (L1–L6) and an unknown aminolipid. TLC analysis shows that the type strain Gsoil 809 T converts major ginsenoside Rg1 (PPT-type) to minor ginsenoside Rh1, while the ginsenoside Re is not changed (Fig. S5). The type strain, isolated from ginseng cultivating soil, Republic of Korea, is Gsoil 809 T (= KCTC 22820 T = JCM 30984 T). The G +C content of the genomic DNA of the type strain is 39.4 mol%. The polyamines are homospermidine and methylbenzoate.Published as part of Siddiqi, Muhammad Zubair, Aslam, Zubair & Im, Wan-Taek, 2017, Arachidicoccus ginsenosidivorans sp. nov., with ginsenosideconverting activity isolated from ginseng cultivating soil, pp. 1005-1010 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 67 (4) on pages 1008-1009, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001720, http://zenodo.org/record/622365
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
No full text'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
WIP : achieving self-interference-free operation on SDR platform with critical TDD turnaround time
No full textSoftware Defined Radio (SDR) platforms are valuable for research and development activities or high-end systems that demand real-time adaptable wireless protocols. While low latency can be achieved using the dedicated digital processing unit of a state-of-the-art SDR platform, its Radio Frequency (RF) front-end often poses a limitation in terms of turnaround time (TT), the time needed for switching from the receiving to the transmitting mode (or vice versa). Zero Intermediate Frequency (ZIF) transceivers are favorable for SDR, but suffer from self-interference even if the device is not currently transmitting. The strict MAC-layer requirements of Time Division Duplex (TDD) protocols like Wi-Fi cannot be achieved using configurable ZIF transceivers without having to compromise receiver sensitivity. Using a novel approach, we show that the TT using the AD9361 RF front-end can be as low as 640 ns, while the self-interference is at the same level as achieved by the conventional TDD mode, which has a TT of at least 55 μs. As compared to Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, a decrease of receiver noise floor by about 13 dB in the 2.4 GHz band and by about 4.5 dB in the 5 GHz band is achieved
Ghayat al-amani and the life and times of al-Hadi Yahya b. al-Husayn: an introduction, newly edited text and translation with detailed annotation
No full textThe thesis is anchored upon a text extracted from an important 11th / 17th century Yemeni historical work. This text deals primarily with al-Hādī ilā 'I-Haqq, the founder of the Zaydī Imamate in the Yemen that lasted well over a thousand years. AI-Hādīs imamate, of considerable significance in itself, also coincides with one of the most turbulent periods of early Yemeni mediaeval history. The- edited Arabic text, with its accompanying apparatus criticus. Is to be found at the opposite end of this volume. The Introduction considers various aspects of Imam al-Hadī’s life, religious ideas and aspirations and matters directly connected with the edited text and the work of which it forms a part. Among the most important subjects discussed are the MSS used in the production of the edited text, the problem concerning the authorship of Ghāyat al-amānī and the relationship of the latter work to Anbā' al-zaman. A short biography of al-Hādī is provided, together with a treatment of the historical background to ai-Hādīs imamate. The introduction also describes the editorial method followed with regard to the text, and certain key personal names and toponyms are dealt with there. The method employed by the author of the Ghāyat is to record the events of any one year by Itself. I have translated one year at a time and then followed it by the annotations appertaining to it. It is hoped that by means of these annotations. (some of which through necessity are quite detailed ), the text will be better understood. The numerous personages, tribal names and toponyms are considered, as well as problems concerning points of chronology and various matters of historical and religious significance. Specific comment is made upon certain interesting terms or any unusual or striking vocabulary. The thesis concludes with maps, genealogical tables and a comprehensive bibliography
Stocks as Hedge against Inflation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL Approach
No full textThe paper implements ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration to explore whether or not stocks are good hedge against inflation in the case of a transition economy such as Pakistan, using annual data for the period 1971 – 2008. Ng-Peron (2001) unit root test is applied to determine the stationarity of the series. The results suggest that stocks act as good hedge against inflation in Pakistan both in the long and the short run. The findings should help formulate appropriate policy to encourage investment in financial markets and thereby promote economic growth.Stock Returns, Inflation, ARDL Bounds Testing, Ng-Perron Test
Numerical Experimentation to Develop Design and Operational Parameters for Skimming Wells: A Case Study of the Chaj Doab of Punjab, Pakistan
No full textIn the present study, MODFLOW-MT3D groundwater model was employed to perform numerical experimentation to develop design and operational parameters for SW (Skimming Wells) based on hydrogeology and groundwater salinity conditions of Chaj Doab, Punjab, Pakistan. Numerical experimentation resulted in: (i) a 1-strainer SW with discharge of 14 l/s (litres per second) and penetration of 30% resulted in more saltwater upconing at 8 hours/day well operation compared to that occurred at 4 hours/day operation; (ii) a 1-strainer well with penetration of 30% and operation of 8 hours/day caused higher saltwater upconing at 14 l/s discharge compared to that at 9 l/s discharge; (iii) a 4-strainer well with penetration of 30% and operation of 8 hours/day also caused more saltwater upconing at 14 l/s well discharge compared to that at 9 l/s discharge. Similar trend was found for a 8- strainer well; and (iv) 1- or 4- or 8-strainer well with 30-60% penetration, 9-14 l/s discharge and 4-8 hours/day operation could provide pumped groundwater of salinity less than 1000 ppm. Considering hydro-chemical performance and costs of wells, a 4-strainer well with 30% penetration, 9- 14 l/s discharge and 4-8 hours/day operation is recommended to skim groundwater of salinity less than 1000 ppm in Chaj Doab of Punjab, Pakista
Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator Fingolimod (FTY720) Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis in Post-heterotopic Heart Transplantation
No full textBackground and Objective: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), and S1P receptor modulator fingolimod have been suggested to play important cardioprotective role in animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injuries. To understand the cardioprotective function of S1P and its mechanism in vivo, we analyzed apoptotic, inflammatory biomarkers, and myocardial fibrosis in an in vivo heterotopic rat heart transplantation model. Methods: Heterotopic heart transplantation is performed in 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (350-400 g). The heart transplant recipients (n = 60) are categorized into Group A (control) and Group B (fingolimod treated 1 mg/kg intravenous). At baseline with 24 h after heart transplantation, blood and myocardial tissue are collected for analysis of myocardial biomarkers, apoptosis, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and phosphorylation of Akt/Erk/STAT-3 signaling pathways. Myocardial fibrosis was investigated using Masson's trichrome staining and L-hydroxyline. Results: Fingolimod treatment activates both Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase (RISK) and Survivor Activating Factor Enhancement (SAFE) pathways as evident from activation of anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory pathways. Fingolimod treatment caused a reduction in myocardial oxidative stress and hence cardiomyocyte apoptosis resulting in a decrease in myocardial reperfusion injury. Moreover, a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in collagen staining and hydroxyproline content was observed in fingolimod treated animals 30 days after transplantation demonstrating a reduction in cardiac fibrosis. Conclusion: S1P receptor activation with fingolimod activates anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory pathways, leading to improved myocardial salvage causing a reduction in cardiac fibrosis
Pemodelan taburan kebarangkalian zarah terampai melampau di Lembah Klang
No full textKajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti model statistik terbaik bagi mewakili set data melampau untuk salah satu bahan pencemaran udara iaitu zarah terampai (PM10). Data dari enam buah stesen pengawasan kualiti udara di sekitar Lembah Klang dari tahun 2009 hingga 2011 digunakan dalam kajian ini. Dalam penentuan taburan terbaik, taburan parametrik dan taburan tak berparameter telah diuji. Dua siri data melampau yang digunakan ialah siri data maksimum bulanan dan siri data melangkaui ambang bagi PM10. Seterusnya, dua taburan parametrik iaitu Taburan Melampau Teritlak (GEV) dan Taburan Pareto Teritlak (GPD) masing-masing dipadankan kepada siri data maksimum bulanan dan siri data melangkaui ambang. Kaedah penganggaran parameter L-momen dan ujian kebagusan penyuaian Anderson Darling digunakan dalam pemilihan taburan parametrik terbaik yang juga menentukan kaedah pemilihan data melampau yang mana lebih baik. Bagi kaedah tak berparameter, penganggaran fungsi ketumpatan kernel (KDE) digunakan untuk menentukan taburan terbaik PM10 melampau. Hasil pengiraan ralat min kuasa dua (MSE) mendapati taburan tak berparameter merupakan taburan terbaik bagi data melampau PM10 di kebanyakan stesen kajian. Taburan terbaik bagi setiap stesen kajian seterusnya digunakan bagi menghitung tempoh ulangan PM10 yang sangat berguna bagi pihak yang terbabit
Annotation of conceptual co-reference and text Mining the Qur'an
No full textThis research contributes to the area of corpus annotation and text mining by developing novel domain specific language resources. Most practical text mining applications restrict their domain. This research restricts the domain to the Qur'anic Text.
In this thesis, a number of pre-processing steps were undertaken and annotation information were added to the Qur'an. The raw Arabic Qur'an was pre-processed into morphological units using the Qur'anic Arabic Corpus (QAC). Qur'anic terms were indexed and converted into a vector space model using techniques in Information Retrieval (IR). In parallel, nearly 24,000 Qur'anic personal pronouns were annotated with information on their referents. These referents are consolidated and organized into a total of over 1,000 ontological concepts. Moreover, a dataset of nearly 8,000 pairs of related Qur'anic verses are compiled from books of scholarly commentary on the Qur'an. This vector space model, the pronoun tagging, the verse relatedness dataset, and the part-of-speech tags available in QAC all together served for a number of Qur'anic text mining applications which were rendered online for public use. Among these applications: lemma concordance, collocation, POS search of the Qur'an, verse similarity measures, concept clouds of a given verse, pronominal anaphora and Qur'anic chapter similarity.
Furthermore, machine learning experiments were conducted on automatic detection of verse similarity/relatedness as well as categorization of Qur'anic chapters based on their chronology of revelation. Domain specific linguistic features were investigated to induct learning algorithms. Results show that deep linguistic and world knowledge is needed to reach the human upper bound in certain computational tasks such as detecting text relatedness, question answering and textual entailment. However, many useful queries can be addressed using text mining techniques and layers of annotations made available through this research. The works presented here can be extended to include other similar texts like Hadith (i.e., saying of Prophet Muhammad), or other scriptures like the Gospels
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