1,720,970 research outputs found
Innovations in pancreatology
No full textIn paper I, we explored the presence and potential significance of intracystic pancreatic microbiomes in patients with suspected pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs), who underwent pancreatic surgery. Paired samples of plasma and cyst fluid were gathered from 105 patients, and bacterial DNA was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and PacBio sequencing. Levels of Interleukin (IL)-1β were also quantified. Results indicate significantly higher levels of intracystic bacterial DNA, IL-1β and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and IPMNs with invasive cancer compared to non-IPMN PCNs. While intracystic microbiota composition varied greatly among individuals, analyses revealed the co-existence and enrichment of bacterial taxa of the oral cavity, containing Granulicatella adiacens and Fusobacterium nucleatum, in IPMN with HGD. Increased levels of bacterial DNA within the cysts were correlated with prior exposure to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with biopsy, but independent of proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and antibiotic usage. These findings emphasize the possible significance of oral microbiome in the development of precursors of pancreatic cancer and provide insights into their etiopathology and management. Further investigation is warranted.In paper II, our investigation focused on cultivating pancreatic microbiome from PCNs with suspicion of invasive cancer, aiming to shed light on its potential importance in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cyst fluid samples acquired during surgery revealed culture positivity predominantly in the IPMN group of lesions. Within the bacteria isolates, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli were identified as dominant, using MALDI-TOF MS profiling analysis. Ex vivo co-culture models with pancreatic cell lines showed consistent pathogenic properties in cultivated bacteria, mainly Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Granulicatella adiacens, including intracellular survival capability, induction of cell death, and genotoxic effects resembling double-stranded DNA breaks. These findings provide novel perspectives into the pancreatic microbiota’s potential involvement in the association between PCNs and cancer.Paper III is a retrospective observational cohort study assessing the outcomes of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TP-IAT). This study included patients operated between 2004 and 2020 at Karolinska University Hospital. We focused on the safety, morbidity, mortality, and function of the islet graft. A total of 24 patients were operated with TP-IAT, with the islet autotransplantation (IAT) site being either the liver or skeletal muscle of the forearm. The 90-day mortality was zero, and the major postoperative morbidities were primarily related to the total pancreatectomy procedure. Postoperative fasting C-peptide levels were detectable, with higher levels observed in patients in the liver-IAT subgroup. While insulin independence was not attained, patients in the liver-IAT subgroup required significantly lower insulin doses at the last follow-up compared muscle-IAT subgroup. TP-IAT appears safe with tolerable risks, but achieving insulin independence should not be anticipated, as the reported five-year insulin independence is 20%. The liver may be a superior site for islet autotransplantation compared to skeletal muscle.Paper IV is a multicenter retrospective cohort study comparing the outcomes of surgery with or without neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) suspected of portal venous involvement. Data from 361 patients who underwent NAT and 690 patients who underwent upfront surgery (US) from nine centers between 2007 and 2017 were analyzed. Patients who received NAT had fewer venous resections and less venous infiltration, perineural invasion, angioinvasion, lymph node involvement, and R1 resections compared to those who underwent US. In patients undergoing venous resection, there were no significant differences in major postoperative complications and reoperations between the US and NAT groups. However, patients who received NAT without venous resection experienced fewer major complications, reoperations, and lower 90-day mortality compared to those who underwent US. Furthermore, NAT was associated with better overall survival. These findings suggest that NAT may improve patient selection for surgery and lead to fewer complications and better survival outcomes in PC patients with venous involvement.List of scientific papersI. Rogier Aäron Gaiser, Asif Halimi, Hassan Alkharaan, Liyan Lu, Haleh Davanian, Katie Healy, Luisa W Hugerth, Zeeshan Ateeb, Roberto Valente, Carlos Fernández Moro, Marco Del Chiaro, Margaret Sällberg Chen. Enrichment of oral microbiota in early cystic precursors to invasive pancreatic cancer. Gut. 2019 Dec;68(12):2186- 2194. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317458. Epub 2019 Mar 14. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317458 II. Asif Halimi, Giorgio Gabarrini, Michał Jacek Sobkowiak, Zeeshan Ateeb, Haleh Davanian, Rogier Aäron Gaiser, Urban Arnelo, Roberto Valente, Alicia Y W Wong, Carlos Fernández Moro, Marco Del Chiaro, Volkan Özenci, Margaret Sällberg Chen. Isolation of pancreatic microbiota from cystic precursors of pancreatic cancer with intracellular growth and DNA damaging properties. Gut Microbes. 2021 Jan- Dec;13(1):1983101. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1983101. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1983101 III. Klara Fröberg, Asif Halimi, Miroslav Vujasinovic, José Caballero-Corbalan, Urban Arnelo, Ernesto Sparrelid, Olle Korsgren, Johannes-Matthias Löhr, Torbjörn Lundgren, Poya Ghorbani. Outcome after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation: A European single-center study. Scand J Surg. 2023 Dec 25:14574969231220176. doi: 10.1177/14574969231220176. https://doi.org/10.1177/14574969231220176 IV. Asif Halimi, Eline S. Zwart, Bengi S. Yilmaz, Benediktas Kurlinkus, Reea Ahola, Marco Del Chiaro, Ernesto Sparrelid, Elena Rangelova, Laura Maggino, Giuseppe Malleo, Gabriella Lionetto, Roberto Salvia, Keith J. Roberts, Francesco Giovinazzo, Massimo Falconi, Stefano Crippa, Giulio Belfiori, Geert Kazemier, Patrick Maisonneuve, Johanna Laukkarinen, Güralp O. Ceyhan. Neoadjuvant therapy is superior to upfront surgery for pancreatic cancer with venous involvement. [Manuscript]</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
