1,720,957 research outputs found
Pilot and feasibility studies: what's the point?
No full textBackground: the appropriateness of research design and methodology of clinical trials is paramount if we are to succeed in reducing the amount of waste in research. Pilot and feasibility studies serve an important role in determining the most appropriate design and whether the trial will succeed to completion.Aims and objectives: the study will assess the role of pilot and feasibility studies in the design of clinical trials funded by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme.Method: there are three phases to the study: 1. Literature review, 2. Review of the ongoing HTA trial portfolio and, 3. Review of the HTA portfolio of published trials to determine the added value of the inclusion of a pilot or feasibility study. A list of HTA trials will be retrieved from three cohorts: completed standalone pilot or feasibility studies; completed and ongoing clinical trials which include an internal pilot or feasibility study; and successful applications in pre-contracting status in the HTA programme.Results: the results of the study will still be in development. The number of included trials and proposed checklist/classification system will be presented to determine how pilot and feasibility studies are used to inform the trial design and whether those that include a pilot or feasibility study recruit patients on time and within target.Conclusions: the findings from this study will be important in the context of the adding value in research agenda. This is partly due to the lack of existing evidence on the role of pilot and feasibility studies
The histochemical quantitation of proliferation of invasive breast carcinomas after in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labelling.: Conference Abstract
No full textAbstract of the 2nd Nottingham International Breast Cancer Meeting 9–11 September 199
Role of feasibility and pilot studies in randomised controlled trials: a cross-sectional study
No full textObjectives To assess the value of pilot and feasibility studies to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme. To explore the methodological components of pilot/feasibility studies and how they inform full RCTs.Study design Cross-sectional study.Setting Both groups included NIHR HTA programme funded studies in the period 1 January 2010–31 December 2014 (decision date). Group 1: stand-alone pilot/feasibility studies published in the HTA Journal or accepted for publication. Group 2: all funded RCT applications funded by the HTA programme, including reference to an internal and/or external pilot/feasibility study. The methodological components were assessed using an adapted framework from a previous study.Main outcome measures The proportion of stand-alone pilot and feasibility studies which recommended proceeding to full trial and what study elements were assessed. The proportion of ‘HTA funded’ trials which used internal and external pilot and feasibility studies to inform the design of the trial.Results Group 1 identified 15 stand-alone pilot/feasibility studies. Study elements most commonly assessed were testing recruitment (100% in both groups), feasibility (83%, 100%) and suggestions for further study/investigation (83%, 100%). Group 2 identified 161 ‘HTA funded’ applications: 59 cited an external pilot/feasibility study where testing recruitment (50%, 73%) and feasibility (42%, 73%) were the most commonly reported study elements: 92 reported an internal pilot/feasibility study where testing recruitment (93%, 100%) and feasibility (44%, 92%) were the most common study elements reported.Conclusions ‘HTA funded’ research which includes pilot and feasibility studies assesses a variety of study elements. Pilot and feasibility studies serve an important role when determining the most appropriate trial design. However, how they are reported and in what context requires caution when interpreting the findings and delivering a definitive trial
Setting the future policy agenda for health technology assessment: a specialty mapping approach
No full textThis is one of the few published examples of innovative methodology to identify and prioritize topics for HTA. Specialty mapping can make a positive contribution to the policy agenda, with several research and policy gaps being fed into existing prioritization channels. Adequate time, resources, and capacity is required particularly in engaging stakeholders and developing a care pathway. Implementation of specialty mapping in other topic areas with on-going evaluation is recommended
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Precision treatment with sirolimus in a case of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
