1,093 research outputs found
The exegesis of Tabatabaei and the Hermeneutics of Hirsch: a comparative study
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study between Hermeneutics on the one hand and exegesis of the Holy Qur'an on the other. Its objective is to discover whether there are salient points of convergence between the two disciples, and whether issues germane to the Hermeneutical tradition in the West have been referred to and/or employed in Muslim works of Qur'an commentary. To this end, the works of one of the most prominent Shi'ite philosophers and exegetes. Allama Mohammad Hossein Tabataei, have been analysed and compared with the perspective and methodology of E D. Hirsch, one of the most important hermeneuticians in the Western World. Hirsch has been chosen since, in the opinion of the author, there is a considerable number of commonalities between the Hirschian approach to hermeneutics and the exegetical methodology of Tabatabaei and other Shi'ite Muslim interpreters of the Qur'an.. Hirsch, as an objectivist, along with a number of other Hermeneutical scholars, are critical of those who subscribe to philosophical Hermeneutics, such as Heideger and Gadimer. The same approach is taken in Tabatabaei's works, thus providing a strong rationale for an academic comparison of these two scholars. For this reason, this thesis attempts to study the theories of Tabatabaei and Hirsch in order to highlight the similarities and differences in their works. The central hypothesis is that while small differences in approach exist, there is much common ground, and that it is possible to use certain facets of Hirschian hermeneutics in the interpretation of the Qur'an, thus modernising some of the existing exegetical approaches employed by Shi'ite scholars.Since the aim of this thesis is to compare the interpretive works of Tabatabaei with those of Hirsch's, an introductory chapter has been dedicated to the study of the evolution of Shi'ite exegesis from the beginning to date. Tabatabaei's Al-Mizan has been chosen as the foremost work of Shi'ite exegesis in the modem period. Furthermore, a complete chapter has also been dedicated to Tabatabai's exegetical modus operandi as reflected in Al-Mizan, in order to arrive at a better understanding of his perspectives. This research arrives at the conclusion that philosophical Hermeneutics and Epistemology have opened new horizons on which we will always be dependent. Whatever interpretive theories with regards to the understanding of the text are accepted, or whatever the tendency as far as literary criticism is concerned, or whatever ideas are accepted in the arena of philosophy of human and social sciences, the discussion of the nature of understanding in general cannot be avoided. This does not mean that Hermeneutics is limited to these new theories. Rather, the opportunity always exists to introduce new interpretive theories in connection with the understanding of the text. It is indeed possible to study these discussions in detail in a separate sphere independent of the other branches of Islamic sciences and arrive at a number of stable principles in the interpretation of the text in Islamic research
"Behind the Plan to Bomb Iran"
No full textIsmael Hossein-zadeh is a professor of economics at Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa. He is the author of the newly published book, The Political Economy of U.S. Militarism. His Web page is http://www.cbpa.drake.edu/hossein-zade
"Islamic Fascism?"
No full textIsmael Hossein-zadeh is a professor of economics at Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa. He is the author of the newly published book, The Political Economy of U.S. Militarism. His Web page is http://www.cbpa.drake.edu/hossein-zade
History of Maqtal al-Hossein Documents: From Factual History to Fictional History
No full textThe chronological account of Maqtal al-Hossein is a literary work that has been preserved and has become a source of inspiration for the formation of the collective identity of the Shi\u27a. However, Maqtal al-Hossein as a literary work, written based on the subjective understanding of its author, also leaves traces of distortion in the writing of Maqtal al-Hossein itself. This article aims to illustrate the gradual shift of Maqtal al-Hossein\u27s narrative from historical to fictional. This article discusses (1) A discussion of the history of the writing of Maqtal al-Hossein as a development of literacy by previous writers, followed by a review of the history of the writing of the historical kitab Maqtal al-Hossein from the second century to the writing of Maqtal al-Hossein in the tenth century Hijri. (2). A review of the critical analysis of the text of the hadiths of Maqtal al-Hossein that indicated fiction from the third century Hijri to the tenth century Hijri in the two kitabs of Maqtal al-Hossein in the third century and Maqtal al-Hossein in the seventh century Hijri. The conclusion of this article shows that the writing of Maqtal al-Hossein from the period of the third century Hijri to the tenth century Hijri provides an argument about the shift in the historical value of writing the history of Maqtal al-Hossein, from historical facts to fictional narratives. Meanwhile, the writing of Maqtal al-Hossein from the tenth century was also influenced by the various interests of Islamic power at that time
A potential-gated molecularly imprinted smart electrode for nicotinamide analysis
No full textTriggered surface responsiveness paves the way for smart sensor technologies that not only have tunable retention, but also provide sensing through a 'built-in' programming of electrode material. In this study, we report a potential-gated electrochemical sensor for determination of nicotinamide (NAM) based on a molecularly imprinted overoxidised polypyrrole electrode. The sensitive layer was prepared by electropolymerisation of pyrrole on a glassy carbon electrode in the presence of NAM as a template molecule, followed by alkali extraction. Electrochemical methods were used to monitor the processes of electropolymerisation, template removal and binding in the presence of a [Fe(CN)(6)](3-)/[Fe(CN)(6)](4-) redox couple as an electrochemical probe. Several factors affecting the performance of the MIP-modified electrode were investigated and optimized. The peak current of the ferro/ferricyanide couple decreased linearly with successive addition of NAM in the concentration range 0.9 x 10(-6) to 9.9 x 10(-3) M with a detection limit of 1.7 x 10(-7) M (S/N = 3). The molecularly-imprinted polymer (MIP) electrode had excellent recognition capability for NAM compared to structurally related molecules. Moreover, the reproducibility and repeatability of the NAM-imprinted electrode were all found to be satisfactory. The results from sample analysis confirmed the applicability of the NAM-imprinted electrode to reusable quantitative analysis in commercial pharmaceutical samples
Early macular changes after phacoemulsification in eyes with high myopia
No full textPurpose: To evaluate macular changes after cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia.
Methods: This prospective cohort enrolled patients with high myopia (axial length ≥26 mm) who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were obtained at baseline and 2 and 6 months after the operation. Postoperative macular changes on OCT scans were regarded as the main outcome measure.
Results: Thirty-four eyes of 31 patients with high myopia were included (age, 60 ± 10 years [mean ± SD]); of these, 14 patients (45.2%) were male. The mean axial length was 27.8 ± 1.5 mm. Epiretinal membrane (one eye, 2.9%), lamellar hole (one eye, 2.9%), myopic foveoschisis (2 eyes, 5.9%), and vitreomacular traction associated with foveoschisis (one eye, 2.9%) were notable findings at baseline examination; no eye showed cystoid macular edema (CME) at this time. At the 2-month examination, three eyes (8.8%) developed CME. At the 6-month follow-up, one eye with CME at 2 months improved, and a new case of CME (5.6%) was detected. The characteristics of epiretinal membrane, lamellar hole, vitreomacular traction, and foveoschisis did not change at the 2- and 6-month examinations and no new cases occurred.
Conclusion: Uncomplicated phacoemulsification had no significant effect on the prevalence or characteristics of pre-existing macular abnormalities in eyes with high myopia up to 6 months of follow-up. The incidence of CME 2 months after uncomplicated cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia was about 9%
Author Correction: Smartphone‑based device for point‑of‑care diagnostics of pulmonary infammation using convolutional neural networks (CNNs)
No full textCorrection to: Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54939-4, published online 22 March 2024 The original version of this Article contained an error in the author name S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri which was incorrectly given as Seyed Mohammad Reza Taheri. In addition, an affiliation was omitted for S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri. The correct affiliations for S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri are listed below. Groningen University, University Medical Center groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AW Groningen, the Netherlands. Condensed Matter National Laboratory, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran. Moreover, Hossein Simaee was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran’ and ‘Integrated Biophysics and Bioengineering Lab (iBL), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran’. The correct affiliation for Hossein Simaee is listed below. Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The original Article has been corrected.</p
ETIKA TANGGUNG JAWAB TERHADAP KRISIS EKOLOGIS (STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN HANS JONAS DAN SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR)
No full textThis research is motivated by the global ecological crisis that is not only physical and technical, but also reflects the crisis of values and spirituality of modern humans in treating nature. Efforts to resolve this crisis are not enough if they only rely on technology and policies, but demand a fundamental paradigm shift in human relations with nature. In this context, the ethics of responsibility is a relevant philosophical approach because it emphasizes long-term moral responsibility for the preservation of life. Hans Jonas, through the concept of imperative responsibility, calls for a new ethic that is adapted to the transformative power of modern technology. He emphasizes the principle of prudence (the heuristic of fear) to protect the future of life on earth. On the other hand, Seyyed Hossein Nasr sees the root of the ecological crisis in secularism and spiritual reduction in modern science, which makes nature a mere material object. He offers the concept of “sacred science” that integrates metaphysical and spiritual principles, and places humans as caliphs in charge of maintaining the sanctity of nature.
This research is library research using a documentation method. Primary data sources in this research include the original book by Hans Jonas entitled The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age and Seyyed Hossein Nasr entitled Man and Nature: The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources utilize written references related to Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr's views on the ethics of responsibility towards the ecological crisis. The documented data is then analyzed through four stages, namely: data reduction, data classification, data display and interpretation, and conclusion making. In this research, the author formulates two research questions. First, how is the ethical concept of responsibility for the ecological crisis in the thoughts of Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr? Second, how does the ethical concept of responsibility for the ecological crisis of Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr compare?
The findings of this research are as follows: First, both Jonas and Nasr propose a new ethical paradigm in facing the ecological crisis, although from different epistemological foundations. Jonas emphasizes ethical responsibility based on rationality towards the future, while Nasr emphasizes the importance of spiritual awareness of the sanctity of the cosmos. Second, both agree that the ecological crisis is essentially a crisis of values and human moral failure in maintaining a responsible relationship with natur
Photoproduction of prompt photons and neutral pions at high transverse momentum
No full textThis thesis describes an experiment carried out at CERN SPS North Area (NA14) to study the photoproduction of prompt photons at high transverse momentum (1 ≤ P_t ≤ GeV/c). Theoretical aspects of the subject are presented and the principle experimental techniques used in the NA14 experiment to produce a high energy (< E> ) im 80 GeV) and high intensity (im106) tagged photon beam are discussed. This is then followed by a description of a lead-scintillator sandwich calorimeter (one of the three in the experiment) with which the Author has been involved with throughout its development and operation. The calorimeter data analysed in this thesis was collected during 1982/83 run periods. Emphasis has been put on the method of analysis since a comprehensive understanding of this is fundamental to a proper appreciation of the subject matter. Large-Pt πo's are also reconstructed and are used in fine tuning of the calorimeter. Final results indicate that the observed πo spectrum is well described by a parametrization describing the VMD component of the photon structure function. This parametrization is also used in a simulation program to evaluate the background to the observed spectrum of single photons. After subtracting the contributions from various sources of background, a clear excess of single photons is observed which is attributed to prompt photons.</p
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