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Carta mecanografiada de N. Philip Ashmole, professor titular de zoologia, a Cristina Vicente
No full textEl professor Ashmole de la Univesritat d'Edimburg, amb la seva esposa, estan d'any sabàtic a Tenerife, fent uns estudis i demana col·laboració a Cristina per examinar uns exemplars de diplòpodes
Australoechemus vickyae Sherwood & Marusik & Sharp & Ashmole 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p>Australoechemus vickyae sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p> <i>Holotype</i>: Ascension Island • 1♂; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 12-31.IX.1957; E. Duffey leg.; No. 91; NHMUK.</p> <p> <i>Paratypes</i>: Ascension Island • 1♀; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 12-31.IX.1957; E. Duffey leg.; [no number]; NHMUK • 1♀; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 12-31.IX.1957; E. Duffey leg.; No. 35; NHMUK • 1♀; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 12-31.IX.1957; E. Duffey leg.; No. 51; NHMUK • 1♂, 1 immature ♂; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 12-31.IX.1957; E. Duffey leg.; No. 65; NHMUK • 1♀; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; 26-27.V.1995; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.;? <i>Nodocion</i> sp. det. J. A. Murphy; Murphy collection No. 23865; MMUE G7572.13477 • 1♀; South Gannet Hill, Ascension Island; -7.983, -14.399; 15.V.2013; pitfall trap; L. F. White leg.; ASC01604 • 1♀; near English Bay Road, Ascension Island; -7.913981, -14.378077; 85 m. a.s.l; pitfall trap; 13/01/2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC F13 2 PFJ.</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p> <i>Australoechemus vickyae</i> sp. nov. somewhat resembles <i>A. celer</i>, but males can be distinguished by having the retrolateral tibial apophysis almost as long as tibia, tapering at the tip and non-bifurcated (vs. shorter than tibia, broad at tip and bifurcated). Females of <i>A. vickyae</i> sp. nov. differ from those of <i>A. celer</i> by having the epigynal fovea widest in anterior part (vs. wider in midpart) and having receptacles smaller than the bursa copulatrix (vs. receptacles larger than bursa copulatrix).</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>The specific epithet is a matronym in honour of British conservationist and entomologist Vicky Wilkins (Species Recovery Trust, Salisbury, UK, and co-chair of the IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist Group) for her enduring and significant contributions to the conservation of invertebrates in the United Kingdom Overseas Territories.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p> <b>Male</b> (holotype). <i>Total length</i>: 6.17. Carapace: 2.67 long, 2.12 wide. <i>Abdomen</i>: 2.89 long, 1.75 wide. <i>Leg measurements</i>: I 8.12 (2.28, 1.05, 2.02, 1.63, 1.14), II 8.00 (2.28, 1.03, 1.44, 1.93, 1.32), III 7.49 (2.21, 0.87, 1.24, 1.85, 1.32), IV 11.02 (2.36, 1.56, 2.39, 3.28, 1.43). <i>Setation</i>: for legs see Table 1. <i>Colour</i> (in alcohol): overall light brown, abdomen slightly darker than carapace, chelicerae and legs (Fig. 1A, B). Chelicera with three promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth (Fig. 2A). <i>Eyes</i>: AME largest, PME not reduced in size (Fig. 2B).</p> <p> <i>Palp</i> (Figs 3A, 4A-D).</p> <p> Patella longer than tibia, about 2 × longer than wide; tibia about 2 × longer than wide with non-bifurcated retrolateral apophysis gradually tapering toward tip, tip slightly bent prolaterally; cymbium elongate, gradually tapering, 2.2 × longer than wide; bulb oval, 1.8 × longer than wide, with very long subtegulum (<i>St</i>); sperm duct (<i>Sd</i>) U-shaped, retrolaterally as wide as tibial apophysis, gradually tapering prolaterally; anteroprolateral part of tegulum with elongate tegular anteroprolateral membranous lamellar extension (<i>Al</i>); conductor (<i>Co</i>) small, membranous, located near tip of embolus; embolus (<i>Em</i>) originates at about 9 o’clock position, straight, tip slightly bent. <i>Palpal setation</i>: femur d 0-1-4 r0-1-0 p0-1-0; patella d0-0-1; tibia d1-1-0.</p> <p> <b>Female</b> (paratype). <i>Total length</i>: 8.27. <i>Carapace</i>: 3.53 long, 2.62 wide. <i>Abdomen</i>: 3.67 long, 2.63 wide. <i>Leg measurements</i>: I 8.96 (2.02, 1.63, 1.87, 1.98, 1.46), II 8.79 (2.01, 1.65, 1.72, 1.96, 1.45), III 8.29 (1.17, 1.38, 2.19, 2.00, 1.55), IV 11.42 (3.03, 1.82, 2.66, 2.57, 1.34). <i>Setation</i>: for legs see Table 2, palp: femur d0-1-2 r0-1-0 p0-1-0; patella p0-1-0 r0-1-0; tibia d1-1-1 p0-2-1; tarsus d2-0-0 p2-1-0. Colour (in alcohol): carapace and legs light brown, abdomen beige, chelicerae reddish-brown (Figs 1C, D, 2C). Chelicera with three promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth (Fig. 2C). <i>Eyes</i>: AME largest, PME not reduced in size (Fig. 2D).</p> <p>Epigyne.</p> <p> Epigynal plate almost as long as wide, with large fovea and distinct anterior hood (<i>Ah</i>); fovea widest anteriorly, posterior part 2 × thinner than anterior; bursa copulatrix (<i>Bc</i>) oval, longer than wide, spaced by about ½ of length; receptacles (<i>Re</i>) oval, transversal, locate at posterior margin of endogyne, spaced by about one width (Fig. 3B, C).</p> <p>Total length variation.</p> <p>6.17-7.37 (adult males, n=2); 8.25-9.24 (adult females; n=6).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Known only from Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p> The holotype and most of the paratypes were collected from Boatswain Bird Island, an islet which hosts several unique endemic arachnids (Ashmole and Ashmole 2000). The paratype used for description is the unnumbered female in the Duffey collection, and it has also been clearly marked as the female used in the description on a newly added type label by DS. Two paratype females were collected recently on the mainland, indicating this species occurs more widely on Ascension. Eric Duffey was a prolific collector who collected all over the main island and Boatswain Bird Island (Stonehouse 1960; PA pers. obs.). Fortunately, the type specimens of <i>A. vickyae</i> sp. nov. collected by Duffey were explicitly collected by him only from Boatswain Bird Island (as " <i>Drassodes</i> spp." in Duffey 1964) enabling us to be sure of their collecting locality. This species represents an interesting new record of a genus only thought to occur in the Cape Verde Islands previously (WSC 2023). Molecular work in the future could further elucidate the higher-level relationships of this genus to other gnaphosids. Nonetheless, the morphology of the new species clearly favours placement in <i>Australoechemus</i> under its current definitions for the following reasons: (1) the similar shape of the tegular anteroprolateral membranous lamellar extension, the shape of the cymbium, the U-shaped sperm duct, and the absence of a scutum in the male, (2) the epigyne with a large fovea and distinct anterior hood in the female and (3) the presence of a trochanteral notch in both sexes.</p>Published as part of <i>Sherwood, Danniella, Marusik, Yuri M., Sharp, Adam & Ashmole, Philip, 2023, A survey of Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Ascension Island with description of a new species of Australoechemus Schmidt & Piepho, 1994, pp. 291-302 in African Invertebrates 64 (3)</i> on page 291, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.11394
Marinarozelotes jaxartensis
No full text<p>Marinarozelotes jaxartensis (Kroneberg, 1875)</p> <p>Trachyzelotes jaxartensis: Levy 1998: 107, figs 25-28 (♂♀).</p> <p>Marinarozelotes jaxartensis: Ponomarev and Shmatko 2020: 135, figs 7-8, 11, 30, 37-38, 50, 59 (♂♀).</p> <p>Other citations.</p> <p>For complete list of taxonomic references, see WSC (2023).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>Ascension Island • 1♀; Packers Hole Cueva [Cave]; -7.923, -14.368; 13-17.III.1990; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 0173 • 1♀; South Gannet Pools; -7.9865, -14.4015; 24.III.1990; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 0259 • 1 immature; Letterbox [Peninsula]; -7.947, -14.297; 18-22 March 1990; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 0745 • 1♀; Scouts Path [Green Mountain National Park]; -7.944, -14.346; 28.I.2020; [no collector stated]; ASC • 1♂; South Gannet Upper; -7.983, -14.399; 23-27 March 1990; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 0592 • 1♀ Ascension Island; -7.94, -14.37; August-November 1957; E. A. Duffey leg.; No. 25; NHMUK.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p> Invasive. Originally described from Central Asia, but now known to also occur across the Holarctic, and in Hawaii, India, Mexico, and South Africa (WSC 2023). First recorded from Ascension Island as <i>Camillina acanthognathus</i> (Purcell, 1907) by Duffey (1964). Specimens collected in the 1990s by Philip and Myrtle Ashmole (University of Edinburgh) indicate it is still found on the island.</p>Published as part of <i>Sherwood, Danniella, Marusik, Yuri M., Sharp, Adam & Ashmole, Philip, 2023, A survey of Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Ascension Island with description of a new species of Australoechemus Schmidt & Piepho, 1994, pp. 291-302 in African Invertebrates 64 (3)</i> on page 291, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.11394
The response of the tandem pore potassium channel TASK-3 (K2P9.1) to voltage : gating at the cytoplasmic mouth
No full textAlthough the tandem pore potassium channel TASK-3 is thought to open and shut at its
selectivity filter in response to changes of extracellular pH, it is currently unknown whether the
channel also shows gating at its inner, cytoplasmic mouth through movements of membrane
helices M2 and M4.We used two electrode voltage clamp and single channel recording to show
that TASK-3 responds to voltage in a way that reveals such gating. In wild-type channels, Popen
was very low at negative voltages, but increased with depolarisation. The effect of voltage was
relatively weak and the gating charge small, ∼0.17.Mutants A237T (in M4) and N133A (in M2)
increased Popen at a given voltage, increasing mean open time and the number of openings per
burst. In addition, the relationship between Popen andvoltagewas shifted to lesspositive voltages.
Mutation of putative hinge glycines (G117A, G231A), residues that are conserved throughout
the tandem pore channel family, reduced Popen at a given voltage, shifting the relationship
with voltage to a more positive potential range. None of these mutants substantially affected
the response of the channel to extracellular acidification. We have used the results from single
channel recording to develop a simple kinetic model to show how gating occurs through two
classes of conformation change, with two routes out of the open state, as expected if gating
occurs both at the selectivity filter and at its cytoplasmic mouth
Cattolicesimo e sovranità nella costruzione dell'immagine pubblica di Elias Ashmole (1617-1692)
No full textQuesto saggio discute il rapporto fra cattolicesimo e sovranità nella costruzione dell’immagine
pubblica dell’antiquario inglese Elias Ashmole (1617-1692). La tesi che si intende dimostrare è
duplice. In primo luogo, l’assenza di riferimenti espliciti all’interesse di Ashmole per il
cattolicesimo nelle successive scritture pseudo-autobiografiche rispecchia la correlazione fra
successo sociale e identità religiosa conforme alla fede di Stato nell’Inghilterra di età moderna. In
secondo luogo, e in contrasto con questo fenomeno pubblico, la presenza, fra le carte private di
Ashmole, di una serie di stampe relative alla devozione al Sacro Cuore di Gesù, oltre ad altri scritti
problematici, suggerisce con forza l’interesse se non l’adesione intima di Ashmole al cattolicesimo
dal punto di vista teologico. Il patriottismo dell’antiquario, tuttavia, fu incontrovertibile, e
contribuisce, insieme alla volontà di successo sociale, a spiegarne la scelta di restare nella Chiesa
d’Inghilterra. Da un punto di vista storiografico, il caso di studio in esame si posiziona nel solco dei
lavori di John Morrill, Anthony Milton e Alexandra Walsham, contro la storiografia emanante dalla
Compagnia di Gesù, la quale insiste a considerare come veri cattolici britannici solo coloro i quali
scelsero il martirio per il potere politico del Papa. Il caso di Ashmole vuole attirare l’attenzione su
quei sudditi della Corona inglese che, pur teologicamente affini al cattolicesimo, scelsero l’adesione
alla Chiesa d’Inghilterra, perché l’insistenza romana sul primato petrino non lasciava loro altra
scelta: la sovranità del loro Paese rappresentava la migliore garanzia di libertà e di ascesa sociale.
Questo implica la volontà di vivere la fede non nicodemisticamente ma intimisticamente,
contrariamente a quanto argomentato da storici cattolici
Urozelotes rusticus
No full text<p>Urozelotes rusticus (L. Koch, 1842)</p> <p>Urozelotes rusticus: Platnick and Murphy 1984: 24, figs 55-58 (♂♀).</p> <p>Zelotes rusticus: Grimm 1985: 221, figs 217b, 218b, 244, 272-273 (♂♀).</p> <p>Other citations.</p> <p>For complete list of taxonomic references, see WSC (2023).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>Ascension Island • 1♀ Lady Hill; -7.95, -14.37; pitfall trap baited with meat; 3rd March 2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC F17 3 PFM • 1♂ Cricket Valley; -7.95, -14.34; pitfall trap; 24th March 2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC K17 3 PFU • 1♀ North of Cocoanut Bay; -7.97, -14.34; pitfall trap baited with jam; 14th January 2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC K19 3 PFJ • 1♂ Lower Valley Crater; -7.92, -14.34; subterranean pipe trap baited with blue cheese; 29th March 2023; A Sharp leg.; ASC LVC PTC • 1♂, 1♀; Boatswain Bird Island; -7.936, -14.307; hand collected; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 1161 • 1♂ Ascension Island; -7.94, -14.37; collected between August-November 1957; E. A. Duffey leg.; No. 25; NHMUK.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p> Invasive. Originally described from Tirol in Central Europe, but now known from all continents (WSC 2023). First recorded from Ascension Island by Duffey (1964) as <i>Zelotes rusticus</i>. Recent specimens confirm it is still to be found on the main island.</p>Published as part of <i>Sherwood, Danniella, Marusik, Yuri M., Sharp, Adam & Ashmole, Philip, 2023, A survey of Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Ascension Island with description of a new species of Australoechemus Schmidt & Piepho, 1994, pp. 291-302 in African Invertebrates 64 (3)</i> on page 291, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.11394
Ashmole and the Pursuit of Alchemy: the Illustrations to the <i>Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum</i>, 1652
No full textSummaryAshmole's interest in alchemy seems to have begun about 1648. He was strongly drawn to the Rosicrucian movement, whose aims were religious: to attain to a perfect knowledge of Jesus Christ and of God's works, that is of nature. Chymia was the chosen branch of learning. Alchemists believed that by laboratory experiments they could discover the formula for the Philosophers' Stone which would lead them to the discovery of the secrets of nature. Ashmole considered that his best service to alchemy was the publication of alchemical manuscripts. Two of these have been identified as B.L., Add. 10302 and B.L., Harl. 2407. Both manuscripts belong to the fifteenth century and contain miniatures in pen and wash. The Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum included the Ordinall by Thomas Norton and Lydgate's Hermes Bird, both printed for the first time, and works by George Ripley, John Gower, Thomas Charnock, Edward Kelley and John Dee; also the Tale of the Chanon's Yeoman with Chaucer's portrait. Ashmole's chief engraver was Robert Vaughan. The engravings to the Ordinall show the quasireligious initiation ceremony and the alchemists with their equipment; those from B.L., Harl. 2407 show the emblems representing the theoretical aspects of alchemy, the serpent, the eagle and the basilisk; the sun and the moon; the young couple bathing in the Elixir, symbolizing eternal youth. At some time after 1658 Ashmole abandoned his delusions.</jats:p
Zelotes laetus
No full text<p>Zelotes laetus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)</p> <p>Zelotes laetus: Levy 1998: 122, figs 58-61 (♂♀).</p> <p>Other citations.</p> <p>For complete list of taxonomic references, see WSC (2023).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>Ascension Island • 1♂, 1♀; South Gannet Pools; -7.9865, -14.4015; 23-27 March 1990; Lava; P. Ashmole and M. Ashmole leg.; ASC 0830 • 1♂ Perfect Crater; -7.92, -14.36; pitfall trap baited with meat; 27th January 2022; A. Sharp leg. ASC H14 3 PFM • 1♂ Georgetown; -7.93, -14.4 1; pitfall trap baited with fish; 4th February 2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC B15 2 PFF • 1♂ Dark Crater; -7.96, -14.39; pitfall trap; 15th February 2022; A. Sharp leg.; ASC E19 1 PFU • 1 imm. Ascension Island; -7.97, -14.39; 15.II.2022; superficial deposits; collected by hand; A. Sharp leg.; ASC E19 2 HC • 1 imm. Ascension Island; -7.93, -14.41; 04.II.2022; Intermediate Zr / Nb mafic flows (Younger flows); collected via litter extraction; A. Sharp leg.; ASC B15 1 LC • 1 imm. ♀, 1 imm.; Ascension Island; -7.96, -14.38; Low Zr / Nb mafic flows; collected by hand; A. Sharp leg.; ASC E19 3 HC • 1♂; North East Bay; -7.919, -14.344; 29.I.2013; pitfall trap; L. F. White leg.; ASC01117 • 1♂; same data as preceding except 28.II.2013; ASC01197 • 1♀; same data as preceding except 26.III.2013; ASC01354 • 1♂; same data preceding; ASC01376 • 1 imm.; same data as preceding except 21.V.2013; ASC01683 • 1 imm.; same data as preceding except 23.IV.2023; ASC01527 • 1♂; same data as preceding except 06.XII.2012; ASC00867 • 1♂ Ascension Island; -7.94, -14.37; collected between August-November 1957; E. A. Duffey leg.; No. 11; NHMUK.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p> Invasive. Originally described by Pickard-Cambridge (1872) from ‘Palestine’ (modern Israel), known from West Palaearctic, introduced to Hawaii, USA, Mexico, and Peru (WSC 2023). First recorded on Ascension Island by Ashmole and Ashmole (1997) under the junior synonym <i>Zelotes inauratus</i> O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (types in OUMNH examined by DS) although a male was also found in the Duffey collection at NHMUK. Recently collected specimens confirm its continued presence on the main island.</p>Published as part of <i>Sherwood, Danniella, Marusik, Yuri M., Sharp, Adam & Ashmole, Philip, 2023, A survey of Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Ascension Island with description of a new species of Australoechemus Schmidt & Piepho, 1994, pp. 291-302 in African Invertebrates 64 (3)</i> on page 291, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.64.11394
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