1,721,023 research outputs found
Les mécanismes d’incitation à l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie en France : entre réglementation nationale et initiatives locales
No full textInternational audienceLa récupération de l’eau de pluie est une technique qui fait, depuis quelques temps, nombre d’émules dans le monde en général et en France en particulier. Dans cet article, nous nous interrogerons, à partir d’enquêtes menées dans le cadre du programme de recherche SR-Util, sur les effets des incitations publiques françaises sur le développement de la récupération et de l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie. Ces incitations agissent à plusieurs niveaux, à la fois nationalement par l’intermédiaire de la législation et localement par l’action de collectivités territoriales mobilisées par le sujet. Ainsi,une réglementation spécifique concernant la récupération et l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie a vu le jour, d’abord sous la forme d’un crédit d’impôt accordé aux particuliers investissant dans des dispositifs de récupération, puis par l’encadrement des usages autorisés de cette eau de pluie, des utilisations extérieures, de puis le 21 août 2008, jusqu’au raccordement intérieur. Et par ailleurs, plusieurs collectivités locales (municipalités, départements, régions) ont lancé de leur côté des politiques locales d’incitation financière qui sont avant tout marquées par une grande hétérogénéité. Celle-ci se donne à voir aussi bien à travers une dispersion géographique remarquable, une grande variété de formules de financement (allant de la vente de cuves à prix réduit au remboursement d’une partie du montant investi, en passant par des installations gratuites à domicile des particuliers) et, enfin, un nombre aussi varié que conséquent de conditions d’attributions spécifiquement déterminées par chaque promoteur de l’incitation financière. En observant comment la réglementation s’est mise progressivement en place et sous quelles formes – hétérogènes – les politiques d’incitation financière à la récupération et à l’utilisation d’eau de pluie se sont développées localement, nous pourrons soulever quelques pistes novatrices sur les conditions de possibilité du développement de cette pratique de préservation de la ressource naturelle eau
Sustainable Supply Chain Innovations and Circular Economy Challenges: A Multi-Perspective Analysis of Cost, Barriers, and Logistics Optimization
No full textSustainable supply chain intends to reduce social and environmental effects while preserving economic viability at the same time. Throughout the production and distribution process, it incorporates environmental friendly practices like cutting carbon emissions, saving resources, and limiting waste. The purpose of this research is three-folded; first, to carry out a systematic literature review at the crossroad between SCM, sustainability and innovation by employing Marrying content analysis and explore the connections between these three streams of research and highlight new areas for future research. Second, to identify possible cost competitive alternatives to traditional gasoline light commercial vehicle (LCV) segment of Bofrost that are more sustainable in daily operations (more cost competitive with decreased social and environmental effects) while implementing the Total Cost of Ownership technique. Third, to identify the circular economy barriers and rank them through expert opinion by implementing FUCOM analysis in case of frozen food industry. Additionally, this study also presents a logistics center identification model by implementing the Fuzzy-MCDM technique to design a resilient logistics network with enhanced transport efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Outcome from the first study discuss sustainability from the innovation perspective. We discussed three categories of sustainability i.e., economic, social, and environmental with the primary innovation-related issues that emerged from our research, with a distinction made between supply chain innovation that is a) organizational, b) product, c) process, d) strategic, and e) technology. Second study reveals that a battery electric powertrain layout may currently be suggested to outperform a diesel, biodiesel, and fuel cell electric powertrain layout. This conclusion is primarily due to higher current cost factors for fuel cell system production, hydrogen storage system production, and hydrogen refueling. The critical part in decision making is the inclusion of external costs for proposed propulsion systems that makes BEVs a preferred choice in our case. For third study, we found that the most prominent CE barriers in our case includes the absence of CE infrastructure, high setup costs of CE adoption, the lack of sufficient CE incentives and lack of public awareness about CE. We also presented a mathematical model to assist decision-makers in choosing the optimal LC location among a range of possible sites subjected to certain criteria. Finally practical implications and future research avenues are discussed.Sustainable supply chain intends to reduce social and environmental effects while preserving economic viability at the same time. Throughout the production and distribution process, it incorporates environmental friendly practices like cutting carbon emissions, saving resources, and limiting waste. The purpose of this research is three-folded; first, to carry out a systematic literature review at the crossroad between SCM, sustainability and innovation by employing Marrying content analysis and explore the connections between these three streams of research and highlight new areas for future research. Second, to identify possible cost competitive alternatives to traditional gasoline light commercial vehicle (LCV) segment of Bofrost that are more sustainable in daily operations (more cost competitive with decreased social and environmental effects) while implementing the Total Cost of Ownership technique. Third, to identify the circular economy barriers and rank them through expert opinion by implementing FUCOM analysis in case of frozen food industry. Additionally, this study also presents a logistics center identification model by implementing the Fuzzy-MCDM technique to design a resilient logistics network with enhanced transport efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Outcome from the first study discuss sustainability from the innovation perspective. We discussed three categories of sustainability i.e., economic, social, and environmental with the primary innovation-related issues that emerged from our research, with a distinction made between supply chain innovation that is a) organizational, b) product, c) process, d) strategic, and e) technology. Second study reveals that a battery electric powertrain layout may currently be suggested to outperform a diesel, biodiesel, and fuel cell electric powertrain layout. This conclusion is primarily due to higher current cost factors for fuel cell system production, hydrogen storage system production, and hydrogen refueling. The critical part in decision making is the inclusion of external costs for proposed propulsion systems that makes BEVs a preferred choice in our case. For third study, we found that the most prominent CE barriers in our case includes the absence of CE infrastructure, high setup costs of CE adoption, the lack of sufficient CE incentives and lack of public awareness about CE. We also presented a mathematical model to assist decision-makers in choosing the optimal LC location among a range of possible sites subjected to certain criteria. Finally practical implications and future research avenues are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Fuel Cell Electric Buses: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFThis paper presents a comprehensive review of scientific papers and market reports analyzing the economic competitiveness of fuel cell electric buses (FCEBs) with respect to their conventional alternatives via the total cost of ownership (TCO) methodology. We discussed the variables and data taken into account and compared the resulting outcomes by year and geographical areas. It emerged that FCBs are not currently cost competitive. The decreasing trend in acquisition and fuel costs, however, indicates potential for future competitiveness. We find that the current TCO literature on FCEBs presents several areas of uncertainty and weakness. Potential improvements can be achieved by: (i) extending the geographic coverage to Asian and African developing countries; (ii) making use of real-world data instead of simulated data, in particular, concerning acquisition costs, hydrogen costs under different pathways, fuel efficiency, and maintenance costs; (iii) clarifying the role of infrastructural costs; (iv) exploring the existence of economies of scale at fleet level; (v) distinguishing among different bus sizes
The Economic Competitiveness of Hydrogen Fuel Cell-Powered Trucks: A Review of Total Cost of Ownership Estimates
Get PDFThis paper investigates the economic competitiveness of hydrogen-powered trucks. It reviews the growing number of papers that provide an estimate of the total cost of ownership (TCO) of hydrogen-powered trucks relative to their diesel equivalents. It examines the methodology applied, the variables considered, the data used for estimation, and the results obtained. All reviewed studies conclude that hydrogen-powered trucks are not currently cost-competitive, while they might become competitive after 2030. The conclusion holds across truck types and sizes, hydrogen pathways, mission profiles, and countries. However, we find that there is still a huge area of uncertainty regarding the purchase price of hydrogen-powered trucks and the cost of hydrogen, which hampers the reliability of the results obtained. Various areas of methodological improvements are suggested
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