1,720,992 research outputs found
Histological Studies on the Normal and Morbid Bladder Wall with Special Reference to Elastic Fibers, Collagenous Fibers and Smooth Muscle Fibers
Full text linkDistribution and quantitative transition of elastic fibers, c ollagenous fibers and smooth muscle fibers of the bladder of the human being of all ages, especially over age of manhood, at which neoplasms are Haber to develop, were studied and also histopathological studies on the bladder walls in the cases of neoplasms of the bladder or prostatic hypertrophy were performed with special reference to elastic fibers, collagenous fibers and smooth muscle fibers. Stud i es were performed in 64 cases of the normal bladder, 10 cases with neoplasms of the bladder and 14 cases with prostatic hypertrophy. Specimens were obtained from trigonum vesicae, the region aroud orificium ureteris, vertex vesicae, and the region around orificium urethrae internum and histological studies were performed. The results obtained were as follows: (1) According to increase of a g e, it was observed that marked proliferation of elastic fibers being accompanied with proliferation of collagenous fibers and atrophy and disappearance of smooth muscle fibers, especially of those in the innermost muscular layer. (2) Elastic fibers were markedly increased in the region around orificiu m ureteris and in trigonum vesicae. On the contrary, in vertex vesicae increase of elastic fibers was not so marked and both increase of collagenous fibers and atrophy or disappearance of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers were scarcely observed. (3) Newly formed elastic fibers were obse r v ed around the basal membrane in several cases. (4) Pathological changes were often observed in the mucous membrane of the bladder of the persons aged over fifty. (5) In the cases of t umors of the bladder, increase of elastic fibers was observed corresponding to age. But elastic fibers were scarcely observel in stroma around the nests of cancer cells where collaginous fibers were increased. (6) In the bladder wall with trabeculae, hypertrophy of smooth muscle fibers was observed and both collagenous fibers and elastic fibers were slightly increased. Above mentioned findings in the bladder wall with trabeculae were not observed in the normal bladder of the persons of the same age. (7) The local increasing of the e lastic fibers of the bladder wall seems to be affected by some factors from the nature of the epithelium of the bladder mucosa
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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