1,720,968 research outputs found
Collaborators (VITAL Partners in bold are involved in this task):
No full text: In this paper the architecture of the VITAL-KR is described. Author: Enrico Motta and Arthur Stutt Collaborators (VITAL Partners): SYSECA - SYSECA TEMPS REEL (Coordinator) * NOTT - UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM * BULL - BULL CEDIAG AC - ANDERSEN CONSULTING ONERA - ONERA PTT - ROYAL PTT NEDERLAND NV * OU - THE OPEN UNIVERSITY * NOKIA - NOKIA RESEARCH CENTER * marked partners are involved in this task page 1 _____________________________________________________________________ The Open University 1991 1. INTRODUCTION As discussed in (Motta, 1991) both the current practice of industrial KBS, and the consensus among researchers (Frisch & Cohn, 1991) suggest that hybrid architectures, embedding a number of specialized representations/reasoners, are required to enable knowledge engineers to build efficient and powerful KBs. This is due to the fact that it has been recognized that no universal knowledge representation language exists, which can efficiently model all types of proble..
Extending Semantic-Based Matchmaking via Concept Abduction and Contraction
No full textMotivated by the need to extend features of semantic matchmaking between request and offer descriptions, a model is presented that exploits recently proposed non-standard inference services in Description Logics. The model allows to manage negotiable and strict constraints of a request (equivalently of an offer) while performing a matchmaking process, even if both the request and the offer are incompatible -some part of one description is in conflict with the other- and some constraints in one description are not specified in the other one. An algorithm is presented to compute both which part of the request should be retracted and which part of the offer has to be refined in order to make them completely satisfiable with each othe
VITAL Knowledge Representation Language Specification
No full text: In this document the knowledge representation component of the VITAL workbench is specified. Authors: Enrico Motta, Arthur Stutt, Kieron O'Hara, Juha Kuusela, Hannu Toivonen, Han Reichgelt, Stuart Watt, Stuart Aitken, François Verbeck. IMPORTANT NOTE: Working Paper The status of this document is a Working Paper. That means that it has been reviewed and accepted by the task participants. It has not been checked by the internal QA procedure in VITAL and is not meant to be the final version of the deliverable. Therefore, the deliverable is meant for internal use only and should not be distributed outside the project. Working Paper status granted by the Task manager - Enrico Motta - January 30th, 1991 Collaborators (VITAL Partners): SYSECA - SYSECA TEMPS REEL (Coordinator) * NOTT - UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM * BULL - BULL CEDIAG AC - ANDERSEN CONSULTING ONERA - ONERA PTT - ROYAL PTT NEDERLAND NV * OU - THE OPEN UNIVERSITY * NOKIA - NOKIA RESEARCH CENTER * marked partners are invol..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Second Generation Expert Systems, Explanations, Arguments and Archaeology.
No full text: It is claimed that second generation expert systems provide a means of solving some of the problems put forward recently by writers on AI and archaeology (Huggett 1985, Huggett and Baker 1985, Baker 1986, Reilly 1985). Various kinds of second generation expert system are presented - in particular a variant I call the arguing expert system (AES). A program - the Argument Support Program for Archaeology (ASPA) - is proposed to illustrate these ideas. It is shown to provide possible solutions to (a) the problem of the inadequacy of the abstraction captured in the knowledge base of an expert system and the attendant danger of its fossilization and (b) the problem raised by the inability of expert systems to model nondeductive reasoning. The former is dealt with by giving the user the chance to get the system to 'change its mind' by engaging the system in a sustained argument exchange. This has the effect of allowing the user to supplement or modify the knowledge base in a principled way ..
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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