1,721,031 research outputs found
ESR Essentials: percutaneous bone consolidation—practice recommendations by the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology
No full textPercutaneous bone consolidation is increasingly used for the management of bone pain resulting from benign and malignant conditions. Percutaneous vertebroplasty was first performed in 1984 through the injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement directly into the cancellous bone of the vertebral body. Then, in the late nineties, balloon kyphoplasty was introduced consisting of the positioning of an inflatable balloon at the fracture site to create a cavity and restore the vertebral height, followed by PMMA injection. In recent years, more advanced techniques involving spinal implants combined with cement injection have also been developed in an attempt to restore vertebral body height. Vertebral augmentation techniques have been shown to be more effective for the treatment of vertebral fragility fractures than non-surgical management. Apart from osteoporotic fractures, vertebral augmentation has also demonstrated pain reduction and function improvement in patients with metastatic fractures. In extraspinal bone sites, percutaneous osteoplasty has proved helpful in treating both osteoporotic and pathological fractures, as well as in preventing tumor-related impending fractures. Recently, screw-mediated osteosynthesis has been described to withstand shear and rotational forces in the pelvic ring and long bones. We herein provide recommendations for the most common clinical situations that may benefit from such bone consolidation techniques
Current Role of Conventional Radiology in Rheumatology
No full textConventional radiology is a valuable tool for studying bone involvement in rheumatological diseases. Common x-ray findings can really help differentiate between different types of arthritis and guide follow-up. The interpretation of x-ray findings should always be done by a qualified radiologist in conjunction with clinical and therapeutic history for an accurate diagnosis and to provide an adequate guide for treatment decisions
Imaging of Insufficiency Fractures
No full textInsufficiency fractures are a common health
issue in developed countries, primarily caused
by aging, sedentary lifestyles, and medica-
tions, particularly corticosteroids. These frac-
tures occur in the presence of a bone with
compromised strength when even slight stress
is applied. The main site of fractures is the
spine (i.e., vertebrae), and the pain is the main
symptom leading to bed rest. When the clini-
cal suspicion is present, imaging is crucial in
confirming the diagnosis and during follow-up
of the healing processes. Plain radiography is
effective for diagnosis, but MRI is more com-
monly used for detecting fractures, especially
when signs are minimal or fractures are
located in challenging sites (e.g., sacrum). CT
scans offer high accuracy in detecting fracture
lines. Interventional radiology is also involved
in the therapy as the cementoplasty is a very
effective tool for pain palliation of fractures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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