101,466 research outputs found
Borides, silicides and phosphides, par B. Aronsson, T. Lundstrôm et S. Rundqvist, 1965
No full textSabatier Germain. Borides, silicides and phosphides, par B. Aronsson, T. Lundstrôm et S. Rundqvist, 1965. In: Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, volume 88, 4, 1965. p. 713
A Note on Public Goods in a Decentralized Fiscal Union : Implications of a Participation Constraint
No full textThis paper re-examines the question of whether federal ex-post redistribution in terms of public funds leads to under-provision of public goods when member states may leave the economic federation. We show that federal ex-post redistribution under a binding participation constraint does not necessarily mean under-provision of local and federal public goods
Where Should the Elderly Live and Who Should Pay for Their Care?
No full textWe consider a model with a population consisting of earners and retired persons; elderly care is publicly provided. There is one big city, where congestion effects and agglomeration forces are at work, and a number of small villages. We show how the externalities related to population mobility lead to an inefficient spatial distribution of earners and retirees, and we characterize the second-best solution. Decentralization of this solution in a fiscal federalism structure requires the use of taxes and subsidies proportional to the number of earners and retired persons living in the city and the villages. Copyright © The editors of the "Scandinavian Journal of Economics" 2010 .
Optimal Redistributive Income Taxation and Efficiency Wages
No full textIn this paper, we integrate efficiency wage setting with the theory of optimal redistributive income taxation. In doing so, we use a model with two skill types, where efficiency wage setting characterizes the labor market faced by the low-skilled, whereas the high-skilled face a conventional, competitive labor market. We show that the marginal income tax implemented for the high-skilled is negative under plausible assumptions. The marginal income tax facing the low-skilled can be either positive or negative, in general. An increase in unemployment benefits contributes to a relaxation of the binding self-selection constraint, which makes this instrument particularly useful from the perspective of redistribution
Absolute minimizers, Aronsson equation and eikonal equations with Lipschitz continuous vector fields
No full textWe define viscosity solutions of the Aronsson equation arising from Hamilton-Jacobi eikonal equations for systems with Lipschitz-continuous vector fields and prove that value functions of the corresponding deterministic optimal control problems are solutions if they are bilateral viscosity solutions of the HJ equation. We then introduce and characterize absolute minimizers in two ways. We show that value functions are absolute minimizers if and only if they are bilateral viscosity solution of the HJ equation and determine that bilateral solutions of HJ equations are unique among absolute minimizers with prescribed Dirichlet boundary conditions. Finally we characterize absolute minimizers by comparison with {\it generalized cone functions}. This is a key step to prove existence of absolute minimizers by Perron's method, hence of solutions of the Aronsson equation, and the fact that they satisfy the Harnak inequality
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Household Work Travel Time
No full textARONSSON T. and Brannas K. (1996) Household work travel time, Reg. Studies 30, 541-548. This study derives and estimates models for the work travel time of each spouse in the household conditional on both spouses' hours of work. The model is estimated using Swedish household data. The own labour supply has a positive impact on travel time for females and a negative one for males. The estimated effects of the other spouse's labour supply are insignificant. An overall test of whether the hours of work are weakly separable from work travel time indicates that this hypothesis cannot be rejected for males but can be rejected for females. ARONSSON T. et Brannas K. (1996) La duree du trajet au lieu de travail des menages, Reg. Studies 30, 541-548. Cette etude engendre et estime des modeles relatifs a la duree du trajet au lieu de travail pour chaque epoux du menage en fonction des heures de travail des deux epoux. Le modele est estime a partir des donnees relatives aux menages suedois. L'offre de travail individuelle a un impact positif sur la duree du trajet des femmes et un impact negatif sur celle des hommes. Les effets estimes de l'offre de travail de l'autre epoux sont negligeables. On teste de maniere globale si, oui ou non, les heures de travail se separent faiblement de la duree du trajet au lieu de travail. Il s'avere que cette hypothese ne peut pas etre rejetee pour ce qui concerne les hommes tandis qu'elle peut etre rejetee pour ce qui est des femmes. ARONSSON T. and Brannas K. (1996) Anreisezeiten zur Arbeit verschiedener Personen eines Haushalts, Reg. Studies 30, 541-548. Dieser Aufsatz beschaftigt sich mit Ableitung und Berechnung von Modellen fur Anreisezeiten zur Arbeit beider Ehegatten, die durch ihre Arbeitsstunden bedingt werden. Dem Modell liegt die Berechnung von Daten schwedischer Haushalte zugrunde. Fur Frauen wirkt sich Eigenbeschaftigung positiv auf Wegzeiten aus, und negativ fur Manner. Die berechnete Wirkung der Mithilfe des andern Ehepartners bei der Arbeit ist gering. Eine Gesamtunter-suchung, ob Wochenarbeitsstunden von Wegstunden trennbar sind, deutet darauf hin, dass solch eine Hypothese zwar fur Munner zutrifft, jedoch nicht fur Frauen.Arbeitsangebot, Trennbarkeit nach Wochen, Anreise zur Arbeit, Haushaltsverhalten,
Externalities, Border Trade and Illegal Production: An Optimal Tax Approach to Alcohol Policy
No full textThis paper deals with optimal income and commodity taxation in an economy, where alcohol is an externality-generating consumption good. In our model, alcohol can be bought domestically, imported (via border trade) or produced illegally. Border trade implies an incentive to set the domestic alcohol tax below the marginal social damage of alcohol, and to tax (subsidize) commodities which are complementary with (substitutable for) alcohol. In addition, since leisure and alcohol consumption are generally nonseparable, the income tax will also be used as a corrective instrument. On the other hand, the desire to reduce the illegal production may generally affect the optimal income and commodity taxes in either direction. One possible (and arguably realistic) outcome is, nevertheless, that the desire to avoid the illegal production works to reduce both the alcohol tax and the marginal income tax rate.taxation; external effects; alcohol; border trade.
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
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