1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
The association between plasma levels of circulating Insulin-like-Growth- Factor-1 and Insulin-like-Growth-Factor-Binding-Protein-3 and functional outcome after ischemic stroke
No full textEinleitung: Die Datenlage zu neuroprotektiven Auswirkungen des Insulin-like-
Growth-Factor-1 (IGF-1) und dem Insulin-like-Growth-Factor-Binding-Protein-3
(IGFBP-3) auf hypoxisch-ischämisch verletztes Hirngewebe ist bisher nicht
eindeutig gewesen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die Zusammenhänge zwischen
den in der Akutphase gemessenen Humanplasmaspiegeln der beiden Proteine und
dem funktionell-neurologischen Outcome von Schlaganfallpatienten nach drei
Monaten untersucht. Methodik: In Heparinplasmaproben von
Schlaganfallpatienten, die der EARLY-Studie (NCT00562588) entstammen, wurden
mittels Chemilumineszenz-Immunoassay die IGF-1- und die IGFBP-3-Plasmawerte am
Tag des Studieneinschlusses (Tag 0) und an Tag 8 nach dem ischämischen
Ereignis bestimmt. Das Outcome wurde drei Monate nach dem Schlaganfall anhand
der modified Rankin Scale (mRS) festgestellt; ein schlechtes Outcome war
definiert als mRS = 3-6 Punkte. Nach Dichotomie der Studienpopulation in zwei
Outcome- und zwei IGFBP-3-Gruppen wurden bivariate Dependenzanalysen
durchgeführt. Zur Überprüfung von Einflussfaktoren auf die
IGFBP-3-Plasmaspiegel wurde ein multiples lineares Regressionsmodell mit den
IGFBP-3- Werten von Tag 0 als Kriterium erstellt. Abschließend wurde eine
multiple binäre logistische Regression mit dem Outcome als Kriterium sowie
sämtlichen Proteinwerten und vorher detektierten potentiellen Störfaktoren als
Prädiktoren durchgeführt, um die prädiktive Eignung der Proteine zu testen.
Ergebnisse: Die Kohorte bestand aus 404 Patienten. Der mittlere Wert auf der
mRS bei Studienaufnahme betrug 2 (+/- 1) Punkte. 89 Patienten hatten ein
schlechtes Outcome. 120 Patienten hatten niedrige IGFBP-3-Spiegel (unterhalb
-2 Standardabweichungen vom alters-adjustierten Mittelwert) und 284 Patienten
hatten normale IGFBP-3-Spiegel. Die Plasmaspiegel des IGF-1 und des IGFBP-3
waren positiv miteinander korreliert (Tag 0: r = 0.621, p < 0.001; Tag 8: r =
0.685, p < 0.001). In der multiplen linearen Regression zeigten die
IGFBP-3-Spiegel einen Zusammenhang mit dem Patientenalter, dem Geschlecht
sowie den IGF-1-Spiegeln. Nach Confounder-Adjustierung in der abschließend
durchgeführten multiplen binären logistischen Regression zeigten sich keine
signifikanten Zusammenhänge zwischen den IGF-1- sowie IGFBP-3-Spiegeln an Tag
0 zum Outcome (IGF-1: OR 1.4; 95%-KI 0.9-2.4; p = 0.172; IGFBP-3: OR 0.7;
95%-KI 0.4-1.2; p = 0.167). Niedrige IGF-1-Spiegel an Tag 8 zeigten einen
signifikanten und unabhängigen protektiven Einfluss auf das Outcome (OR 0.6;
95%-KI 0.37-0.99; p = 0.044). Niedrige IGFBP-3-Spiegel an Tag 8 zeigten einen
signifikanten und unabhängigen Einfluss auf ein schlechtes Outcome nach 90
Tagen (OR 2.8; 95%-KI 1.6-4.8; p < 0.001). Schlussfolgerung: Die IGF-1- und
IGFBP-3-Plasmaspiegel von Tag 8 zeigten einen signifikanten und unabhängigen
Zusammenhang zum Schlaganfall-Outcome nach 90 Tagen. Dies ist vermutlich die
bisher erste Studie, in der die unabhängige Assoziation zwischen niedrigen
IGFBP-3-Spiegeln in der Akutphase und einem schlechten funktionellen Zustand
nach 90 Tagen anhand einer ausreichend großen Studienkohorte demonstriert
werden konnte. Die Resultate lassen postulieren, dass der prädiktive Wert der
IGF-1- und IGFBP-3-Spiegel in einer Abhängigkeit zu dem Messzeitpunkt in der
Akutphase nach ischämischen Schlaganfall steht.Background: Potential neuroprotective effects of both Insulin-like Growth
Factor-1 (IGF-1) and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) on
hypoxically-ischemically injured brain tissue have been contradictorily
described elsewhere. The aim of this study was to determine if plasma levels
of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 assessed in stroke patients within the acute phase are
indicative of three months functional outcome. Methods: IGF-1 and IGFBP-3
plasma levels were measured using a chemiluminescence immunoassay in heparin
blood samples originally taken from the EARLY-Study (NCT00562588). Assessment
was implemented on admission and eight days post-stroke. Neurological deficits
were assessed via modified Rankin Scale (mRS) three months after stroke
occurrence, resulting in either favourable functional outcome (mRS = 0-2) or
unfavourable outcome (mRS = 3-6). Bivariate dependency analyses following
dichotomization of all patient parameters into two outcome groups and two
IGFBP-3-level-groups were performed. In order to detect factors possibly
influencing IGFBP-3 levels, a multiple linear regression model was established
using the IGFBP-3-levels (day 0) as the criterion variable. A multiple binary
logistic regression including the outcome as a criterion and all assessed
protein levels as well as possible confounders as predictors was conducted to
test for the proteins’ independent predictive value. Results: Overall, 404
Patients were included. Average mRS on admission as well as three months post-
stroke were 2 (+/- 1). Out of those, 89 patients had an unfavourable outcome.
IGFBP-3-levels were low in 120 patients (below -2 standard deviations from the
age-adjusted mean) and normal in 284 patients. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 plasma levels
correlated with each other (day 0: r = 0.621, p < 0.001; day 8: r = 0.685, p <
0.001). In a multiple linear regression IGFBP-3-levels were associated with
age, gender and IGF-1-levels. After adjusting for confounders, IGF-1 and
IGFBP-3-levels measured on admission showed no significant association with
the outcome in a multiple binary logistic regression (IGF-1: OR 1.4; 95%CI
0.9-2.4; p = 0.172; IGFBP-3: OR 0.7; 95%CI 0.4-1.2; p = 0.167). Low
IGF-1-levels from day 8 were significantly and independently associated with a
decreased risk of a poor outcome (OR 0.6; 95%CI 0.37-0.99; p = 0.044). Low
IGFBP-3-levels (day 8) were significantly associated with an unfavourable
outcome (OR 2.8; 95%CI 1.6–4.8; p < 0.001). Conclusion: IGF-1- and
IGFBP-3-levels assessed 8 days after ischemic stroke were independently
associated with functional outcome after three months. To the best of my
knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate an independent linkage
between low IGFBP-3-levels in the acute phase and poor outcome in a
sufficiently large cohort. The predictive value of both IGF-1- and
IGFBP-3-levels might be dependent on the time of blood-sampling after a
stroke
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