1,721,260 research outputs found
Price-Capping Regulation as a Protectionist Strategy in Developing Countries
Full text linkIn developing countries undergoing liberalising economic reforms, there are typically local incumbents facing the loss of protection. Strategic lobbying by such firms for a price-capping regulatory regime is, under certain conditions, one way in which they can deter entry by competitors who are likely to be foreign firms. We show that a regulatory price can be set such that the net profit of the entrant is lower than the entry cost thus deterring entry. We then show that it is possible for the profit of the incumbent to be greater under regulation which deters entry than under unregulated duopoly. Counter-intuitively, we further discover that lobbying for regulation is to be expected where the incumbent firm is relatively cost-efficient. Finally, we consider the case of multiple incumbents threatened by entry. We observe a co- ordination problem and consider the possibility of co-operation in lobbying. We then show that such co-operation, if possible, is always preferable to non-co-operation.Price-capping, regulation, lobbying, incumbents, entrants, free-riding, co-operation
Excessive entry in a bilateral oligopoly
Full text linkIn a bilateral oligopoly, Ghosh and Morita (‘Social desirability of free entry: a bilateral oligopoly analysis, 2007, IJIO) show that entry is always socially insufficient if the upstream agents have sufficiently strong bargaining power. We show that this conclusion is very much dependent on the use of “efficient bargaining” model in their analysis. Using a “right-to-manage” model, we show that, even if the upstream agents have full bargaining power, entry is excessive in a bilateral oligopoly if the cost of entry is not very high. Hence, whether the anti-competitive entry regulation is justified under bilateral oligopoly depends on the bargaining structure between the upstream and the downstream agents.Bilateral oligopoly; Excessive entry; Free entry; Insufficient entry
Licensing in the Theory of Cooperative R&D
No full textThe literature on cooperative R&D did not pay much attention to knowledge sharing ex-post innovation through technology licensing, which is a common phenomenon in many industries. The author shows how licensing ex-post R&D affects the incentive for cooperative R&D and social welfare by affecting R&D investment and the probability of success in R&D. Licensing increases both the possibility of non-cooperative R&D and social welfare.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
COMPETITION AND WELFARE: THE IMPLICATIONS OF LICENSING
No full textIf firms with asymmetric costs can engage in technology licensing, we show that welfare may be higher under Cournot competition than under Bertrand competition. Under fixed-fee licensing, consumer surplus and welfare are higher under Cournot competition if the technological difference between the firms is moderate. Under royalty licensing, if the bargaining power of the licenser is not very high and the technological difference between the firms is large, consumer surplus and welfare are higher under Cournot competition. We also show that technology licensing has important implications on the profit differential between Bertrand and Cournot competition. Copyright � 2009 The Author. Journal compilation � 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and The University of Manchester.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Unionised Labour Market and Strategic Production Decision of a Multinational
No full textI show that a foreign firm may sell the same product through both foreign direct investment (FDI) and export, and this decision depends on the size of the product market. It happens irrespective of whether the labour market in the domestic country or in the foreign country is unionised. Unlike the existing works focusing on risk diversification in presence of demand or cost uncertainty, I explain the co-existence of FDI and export in a world with certainty. The endogenous determination of the wage rate plays an important role for my results. My analysis shows the effects of the fixed cost of FDI and competition in the product market on the production strategy of the foreign firm. Copyright � The Author(s). Journal compilation � Royal Economic Society 2008.
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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