16 research outputs found
Nanomedicine in maternal viral infections: advancing prenatal therapies for fetal protection
No full textAnalisis Tematik Fatwa Kontemporari Semasa Pandemik Covid-19: [Thematic Analysis of Contemporary Fatwa During The Covid-19 Pandemic]
No full textWabak penyakit bukanlah sesuatu yang asing dalam sejarah manusia. Ia dicatatkan sejak sebelum masihi sehingga kini dan akan terus berlaku pada masa akan datang. Penularan COVID-19 dan pengisytiharannya sebagai pandemik pada 11 Mac 2020 telah menyebabkan pelbagai masalah dan menuntut perubahan dalam kehidupan manusia secara umum dan amalan beragama secara khusus. Perubahan pelaksanaan aktiviti keagamaan memerlukan para mufti mengeluarkan pandangan dan fatwa-fatwa baharu untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat terutamanya berkaitan ibadah, seiring dengan prosedur operasi standard (SOP) yang dikeluarkan pihak pemerintah. Fatwa-fatwa yang berbeza daripada amalan kebiasaan ini telah menimbulkan salah faham dalam kalangan asatizah dan masyarakat sehingga wujudnya golongan yang tidak bersetuju dengan fatwa dan SOP yang dikeluarkan, sekali gus memberi kesan buruk kepada penularan wabak COVID-19 dan meningkatkan kes jangkitan. Justeru, kajian ini ingin menganalisis fatwa-fatwa kontemporari semasa COVID-19 sebagai rujukan kepada asatizah dan masyarakat untuk memahami fatwa-fatwa yang telah diputuskan. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan menjalankan analisis kandungan terhadap fatwa-fatwa berkaitan COVID-19 yang dikumpulkan dari pelbagai negara. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan permasalahan utama masyarakat ketika COVID-19 berlaku adalah melibatkan urusan ibadah, selain daripada isu-isu lain yang melibatkan urusan mu\u27amalat.
Infectious diseases are not something new in human history. It has been recorded since before Christ until now and will continue to happen in the future. The transmission of COVID-19 and its declaration as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, have caused various problems and demanded changes in human life in general and religious practices in particular. Changes in the implementation of religious activities require the muftis to issue new views and fatwas to solve the problems faced by the community, especially concerning worship, in line with the standard operating procedures (SOP) issued by the government. Fatwas that are different from these customary practices have caused misunderstandings among asatizah and the community to the point that there are groups that do not agree with the fatwas and SOPs issued, thus having a negative impact on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing cases of infection. Thus, this study wants to analyse the contemporary fatwas during COVID-19 as a reference for asatizah and the community to understand the fatwas that have been decided. This study uses a qualitative methodology by conducting a content analysis of fatwas related to COVID-19 collected from various countries. The results of this study show that the main problem of the community, when COVID-19 occurs, involves matters of worship, apart from other issues involving matters of mu\u27amalat
Tribological performance of Cu-silica sand hybrid composite reinforced with graphene nanoparticles by electric resistance sintering: Experimental studies and modeling
No full textIn the present work, copper metal matrix composites (CuMMCs) were developed using the electric resistance sintering (ERS) technique. Micro-particles of silica sand (5 wt%) and graphene nanopowder (0.1, 0.2, & 0.3 wt%) were added as reinforcement in the copper (Cu) matrix. Green compacts were pre-sintered at 600 °C in a tubular furnace containing N2 gas, then finally sintered through resistance heating and conduction heating simultaneously in high-density graphite die by applying a plain direct current (200–400 A) of low voltage (3–5 V). Characterizing the hybrid composites by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersion spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of Cu, sand, and graphene nanopowder. A uniform dispersion of the reinforcement particles was found in the prepared composites. Further, the incorporation of 0.2 wt% graphene with a sintering temperature of 900 °C resulted in the maximum relative sintered density (RD) and hardness (RH) of 6.98 g/cm3 and 73 HRB with a minimum wear rate (WR) of 0.00550 mg/s, respectively. In addition, the average coefficient of friction (COF) was found to be 0.44 for the composite having 0.3 wt% graphene. The RSM predicted optimum values of 7.216 g/cm3, 68.989 HRB, and 0.006 mg/s for RD, RH, and WR, corresponding to the 0.144 wt% graphene and 900 °C sintering temperature. The % error between the experimental and predicted RD, RH, and WR values was found to be 1.409 %, 1.950 %, and 3.01 %, respectively. Moreover, the SD values for the three output values were 0.270, 0.475, and 1.514, respectively
The identification of high potential archers based on relative psychological coping skills variables: A Support Vector Machine approach
No full textSupport Vector Machine (SVM) has been revealed to be a powerful learning algorithm for classification and prediction. However, the use of SVM for prediction and classification in sport is at its inception. The present study classified and predicted high and low potential archers from a collection of psychological coping skills variables trained on different SVMs. 50 youth archers with the average age and standard deviation of (17.0 ±.056) gathered from various archery programmes completed a one end shooting score test. Psychological coping skills inventory which evaluates the archers level of related coping skills were filled out by the archers prior to their shooting tests. k-means cluster analysis was applied to cluster the archers based on their scores on variables assessed. SVM models, i.e. linear and fine radial basis function (RBF) kernel functions, were trained on the psychological variables. The k-means clustered the archers into high psychologically prepared archers (HPPA) and low psychologically prepared archers (LPPA), respectively. It was demonstrated that the linear SVM exhibited good accuracy and precision throughout the exercise with an accuracy of 92% and considerably fewer error rate for the prediction of the HPPA and the LPPA as compared to the fine RBF SVM. The findings of this investigation can be valuable to coaches and sports managers to recognise high potential athletes from the selected psychological coping skills variables examined which would consequently save time and energy during talent identification and development programme
The identification of high potential archers based on relative psychological coping skills variables: A Support Vector Machine approach
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Physical health of preclinical medical students during Covid-19
No full textDue to the COVID-19 pandemic, several preventive measures have been put in place including movement restriction and closure of non-essential services in Malaysia including educational premises and shifting towards online learning. Physical inactivity may impact medical students’ quality of life, particularly their physical and mental health, as both are especially influenced by doing physical activity. This study aimed to assess the physical health of medical students during the pandemic.
This study has been approved by the institutional research committee (Research ID: 735). All Year 1 and Year 2 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) medical students were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Participants were asked to complete an online, self-administered abbreviated World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire from July until August 2021. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, New York).
We received 158 responses, consisting of 77 Year 1 and 81 Year 2 students. All participants were undertaking online remote learning at the time of study. The mean score for overall quality of life was 14.58 (3.23) whereas the physical health domain mean score was 14.18 (2.48). We found that the requirement for medical treatment scored the highest 17.70 (3.42) whereas work capacity scored the lowest 12.25 (3.95). There was no significant difference in the scores between 14.50 (2.56) and 13.87 (2.37) for Year 1 and Year 2 students in the individual items (p=0.107- 0.862).
We concluded that despite the nationwide lockdown, the medical students in IIUM reported acceptable-good quality of life and physical health. This could be due to their adaptation to the new norms by applying the right coping strategy. Future study to re-assess their quality of life is due should the lockdown are further extended or tightened
Quality of life among medical students during Covid-19 pandemic
No full textMedicine has a well-known reputation for being among the toughest courses to enrol in once a student step into college or university. Given the mounting pressure to excel in a high stake learning environment, undeniably their quality of life could be affected. With the added challenge of navigating online learning during a pandemic, the students’ well-being has become an issue of great concern. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of life among preclinical medical students of International Islamic University Malaysia during COVID-19.
We conducted an observational cross-sectional study involving 77 Year 1 and 81 Year 2 IIUM medical students to answer a self-administered online survey. We used the Abbreviated World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire to assess the students’ quality of life. We analysed the data using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, New York). This study lasted from July till August 2021 under the approval of the institutional research committee (Research ID: 735).
From this study, the mean score for overall quality of life was 14.58 (3.23), with no significant difference between Year 1 and Year 2 students (p=0.216). The average score across all four domains ranged between 12.19 (2.53) and 15.3 (2.43), indicating that they had a positive outlook on their well-being. Psychological health scored the lowest whereas environmental health was the highest. Looking into the individual items, the ability to concentrate scored the lowest [10.68 (2.73)].
We concluded that IIUM medical students reported good quality of life even at the height of the pandemic. This finding is likely due to the practice of adequate coping skills among the students to survive learning under lockdown. Nevertheless, we should pay due attention to some parameters, especially their psychological health i.e., focus and concentration, and intervene early to prevent further decline in quality of life
Association of mental health status with quality of life among medical students in IIUM during COVID-19
No full textThe existence of COVID 19 has significantly changed humans daily life in this world. The new norm of living in this pandemic has also led to a different approach on managing quality of life. With the current method of online teaching and learning,
medical students may encounter a variety of stressors such as heavy workload, stressful examination and also inadequate learning environment which may influence their mental health. This study is conducted to investigate the association of mental health status with quality of life among medical students in International Islamic University Malaysia (during the pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted online among 158 medical students of Year 1 and Year 2 between July and August 2021. This survey used validated questionnaires to assess depression (WHO 5 anxiety (GAD 5 and Quality of Life
BREF (WHOQOL BREF) WHOQOL BREF measures five domains: overall quality of life (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental quality of life. The result was analysed using Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression-related symptoms were 27.8% and 86.7% respectively with more students developing anxiety as compared to depression. The proportion of students with anxiety was higher than depression in both Year 1 (n=67) and Year 2 (n=70) students. Students with anxiety and depression
symptoms had a significantly poorer overall QOL score (p<0.001) compared to students without mental health problems. Both categories of students were associated with lower physical, psychological and environmental domain scores (p<0.05). In conclusion, the quality of life of medical students are significantly affected by the presence of anxiety and depression. Progressive strategies need to be implemented to maintain good mental health care among medical students in IIUM as it will improve their quality of life during Covid-19
