1,720,954 research outputs found
A geo-archaeological approach to reconstruct Arno plain landscapes (NW Tuscany, Italy) from fluvial to coastal contexts since Etruscan times
No full textThe study of recent past landscapes, understood as the result of the interaction between natural environment and human society, needs an interdisciplinary approach able to reconstruct the evolution of both paleo-environments and landforms at a chronological resolution comparable to that marking the succession of historical periods. In the Arno Plain (NW Tuscany, Italy), a fully integrated geo-archaeological approach allowed the reconstruction of paleo-environments, paleo-topography and urban growth patterns of the Pisa city area during the Etruscan and Roman period (first half of the 5th century BC-2nd century AD; Bini et al., 2015), whereas a detailed reconstruction of extra-urban landscapes from fluvial to coastal areas is still lacking. In order to fill this gap of knowledge, we applied the geo-archaeological approach on two different extra-urban areas subject to long-lasting human frequentation since Etruscan times and located at distal and proximal locations, respectively. The first site, located ca. 18.5 km south of the Pisa city and 5 km inland respect to the modern coastline, is supposed to host the ancient harbour of Pisa (Portus Pisanus; Pasquinucci, 2013; Morhange et al., 2015; Rossi et al., 2015). Stratigraphic cross-sections, supported by cores facies analysis and radiocarbon dating, document the establishment of a wide lagoonal basin since the marine transgression peak (ca. 8000 cal yr BP). This basin persisted for several millennia providing a naturally protected landing-place for boats (Portus Pisanus basin?). The integration of stratigraphic and historical data suggests a progressive closing of the lagoon since Roman times, inducing the westward transferring of the middle Ages harbour in the area now occupied by Leghorn port. The other site is located ca. 15 km far from the modern coastline between Pisa and Cascina urban areas, within a fully alluvial context still showing evident traces of Roman Centuriation that was an orthogonal system of axis created to measure, divide and reclaim the territory but also to manage the water resources. However, the paleo-hydrographic network of this portion of the Pisa plain is still unknown. Preliminary core facies analyses, integrated with geomorphological and toponomastic studies, allowed the identification of a paleo-Arno river branch located in a southern position respect the modern course and the identification of a marked change in alluvial plain drainage conditions (from poorly drained to well drained), attributable to Roman reclamation landworks. In both sites the employed geo-archaeological approach, including sedimentological, paleontological, geomorphological, radiocarbon, toponomastic and historical data, enabled a reliable, although preliminary, reconstruction of past landscapes, furnishing new insights into the transformation processes that affected the Pisa plain during the last ca.3000 years
The Roman and Medieval Settlement in the Pisa Plain: The Reconstruction of an Ancient Landscape and its Evolution
No full textIn the plain of Pisa, located in the valley of the river Arno, the traces of the pisan centuriation, whose original structure dates back to Roman times, are still visible. The present work focused on the problem of the centuriation's transmission and transformation over the centuries, and intends to answer some questions such as: why this "ancient" agrarian system is it still visible in the present landscape, and in which way environmental and hydrographical features, as well as human settlements, have influenced this process? The methodological approach and the preliminary results of the PhD research are presented
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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