100,670 research outputs found
Sicurezza integrata e welfare di comunità
No full textIl volume affronta il rapporto tra la sicurezza integrata (intesa come l’insieme degli interventi assicurati dai diversi livelli territoriali di governo al fine di concorrere alla promozione e all’attuazione di un sistema unitario e integrato di sicurezza per il benessere delle comunità territoriali) e il welfare di comunità (inteso come l’insieme delle azioni che istituzioni e comunità territoriali realizzano per creare un senso condiviso di benessere e una maggiore inclusione sociale). L’obiettivo è quello di offrire un contributo alla riflessione che, negli ultimi tempi, si va sviluppando intorno all’evoluzione che ha aperto la nozione giuridica di sicurezza oltre il nucleo primigenio della tutela all’integrità fisica delle persone e dei loro beni, per agganciarla alla questione sociale e ai temi del welfare, con un approccio integrato non solo a livello istituzionale, ma anche sociale, grazie all’apporto di quella “capillare” rete di prossimità fatta di singoli cittadini, enti e associazioni del c.d. privato sociale. I diversi contributi ospitati, in questo senso, offrono uno sguardo, interdisciplinare e teorico-pratico, su alcune delle principali manifestazioni di tale complesso rapporto. Infatti, se la sicurezza integrata deve essere intesa come una richiesta di protezione complessiva, allora essa non può prescindere né dai meccanismi attraverso cui la Repubblica garantisce i diritti e redistribuisce risorse e oneri, né dalla partecipazione attiva dei cittadini e delle comunità, le cui energie possono (e devono) essere valorizzate non solo nella realizzazione di specifici interventi, ma anche nella loro ideazione e programmazione, in conformità con le recenti previsioni del Codice del Terzo settore
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Confessionalization and social discipline: two paradigms for the modern history
No full textCon este artículo se pretende ofrecer una visión global sobre los procesos de “confesionalización” y “disciplinamiento social” de las sociedades europeas de los siglos XVI y XVII. Paralelamente nos planteamos demostrar la necesaria correlación de estos dos paradigmas historiográficos y su relevancia para el análisis de los fenómenos religiosos, políticos y sociales de la Edad Moderna.This article is intended to provide a global view of the processes of “confessionalization” and “social discipline” of European
societies in the 16th and 17th centuries. At the same time we aim to demonstrate the necessary correlation between these two
historiographical paradigms and their relevance for the analysis of religious, political and social phenomena of Modern Age
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the oral tongue: Magnetic resonance and ultrasonography findings with histopathological confirmation
No full textProgestin regulation of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression in T-47D human breast cancer cells
No full textThis study examined the enzymatic characteristics and steroid regulation of the glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) in the human breast cancer cell line T-47D. In cell homogenates, exogenous NAD significantly increased the conversion of corticosterone to 11-dehydrocorticosterone, while NADP was ineffective. There was no conversion of 11-dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone either with NADH or NADPH demonstrating the lack of reductase activity. In keeping with these results, RT-PCR analysis indicated a mRNA for 11β-HSD2 in T-47D cells, while 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels were undetectable. In T-47D cells treated for 24 h with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), 11β-HSD catalytic activity was elevated 11-fold, while estrone (E1), estradiol (E2) and the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) were ineffective. The antiprogestin mifepristone (RU486) acted as a pure antagonist of the progestin-enhanced 11β-HSD activity, but did not exert any agonistic effects of its own. In addition, RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that MPA was a potent inducer of 11β-HSD2 gene expression, increasing the steady-state levels of 11β-HSD2 mRNA. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 11β-HSD2 is the 11β-HSD isoform expressed by T-47D cells under steady-state conditions and suggest the existence of a previously undocumented mechanism of action of progestins in breast cancer cells
Shaping Intergroup Relations Through Language
No full textThis chapter addresses how intergroup relations are shaped, maintained, or modified through language.
Some of the strategies discussed are blatantly derogatory, including homophobic epithets and
metaphors, whereas others represent much more subtle linguistic tools, including word order,
grammatical gender, language abstraction and even seemingly irrelevant “junk words”, such as
pronouns. These language tools fulfill a wide range of functions in intergroup relations, as they drive
attention to specific social groups, guide social categorization, maintain or change stereotypes, express
and protect social identities, transmit broad cultural worldviews and justify existing societal systems. In
its most extreme form, language serves to dehumanize minority groups, thereby creating and/or
justifying openly hostile intergroup relations
Generation of Trophoblast-Like Cells From Hypomethylated Porcine Adult Dermal Fibroblasts
No full textThe first differentiation event in mammalian embryos is the formation of the trophectoderm, which is the progenitor of the outer epithelial components of the placenta, and which supports the fetus during the intrauterine life. However, the epigenetic and paracrine controls at work in trophectoderm differentiation are still to be fully elucidated and the creation of dedicated in vitro models is desirable to increase our understanding. Here we propose a novel approach based on the epigenetic conversion of adult dermal fibroblasts into trophoblast-like cells. The method combines the use of epigenetic erasing with an ad hoc differentiation protocol. Dermal fibroblasts are erased with 5-azacytidine (5-aza-CR) that confers cells a transient high plasticity state. They are then readdressed toward the trophoblast (TR) phenotype, using MEF conditioned medium, supplemented with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and inhibitors of the Activin/Nodal and FGF2 signaling pathways in low O-2 conditions. The method here described allows the generation of TR-like cells from easily accessible material, such as dermal fibroblasts, that are very simply propagated in vitro. Furthermore, the strategy proposed is free of genetic modifications that make cells prone to instability and transformation. The TR model obtained may also find useful application in order to better characterize embryo implantation mechanisms and developmental disorders based on TR defects
A two-step strategy that combines epigenetic modification and biomechanical cues to generate mammalian pluripotent cells
No full textCell phenotype can be reversed or modified with different methods, with advantages and limitations that are specific for each technique. Here we describe a new strategy that combines the use of chemical epigenetic erasing with mechanosensing-related cues, to generate mammalian pluripotent cells. Two main steps are required. In the first step, adult mature (terminally differentiated) cells are exposed to the epigenetic eraser 5-aza-cytidine to drive them into a pluripotent state. This part of the protocol was developed, based on the increasing understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms controlling cell fate and differentiation, and involves the use of the epigenetic modifier to erase cell differentiated state and then drive into a transient high plasticity window. In the second step, erased cells are encapsulated in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-bioreactors, also known as Liquid Marbles, to promote 3D cell rearrangement to extend and stably maintain the acquired high plasticity. PTFE is a non-reactive hydrophobic synthetic compound and its use permits the creation of a cellular microenvironment, which cannot be achieved in traditional 2D culture systems. This system encourages and boosts the maintenance of pluripotency though bio-mechanosensing-related cues. The technical procedures described here are simple strategies to allow for the induction and maintenance of a high plasticity state in adult somatic cells. The protocol allowed the derivation of high plasticity cells in all mammalian species tested. Since it does not involve the use of gene transfection and is free of viral vectors, it may represent a notable technological advance for translational medicine applications. Furthermore, the micro-bioreactor system provides a notable advancement in stem cell organoid technology by in vitro re-creating a specific micro-environment that allows for the long-term culture of high plasticity cells, namely as ESCs, iPSCs, epigenetically erased cells and MSCs
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