1,720,965 research outputs found
El gen ANRIL com a marcador d’episodis cardiovasculars en pacients amb malaltia renal crònica
Get PDFAquesta tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en l’estudi de la relació entre diversos polimorfismes dels gens ANRIL i CARD8 i l’aparició d’episodis cardiovasculars en una població de pacients amb malaltia renal crònica constituïda per pacients en hemodiàlisi i receptors d’un trasplantament de ronyó.
Per tal de poder estratificar correctament aquests pacients en funció del seu risc cardiovascular, la hipòtesi del treball ha estat que la informació relativa a la presència de certes variants genètiques relacionades amb l’arterioesclerosi s’ha d’afegir als factors de risc cardiovasculars clàssics.
Concretament, el projecte de tesi s’ha dividit en dues parts: en una primera part l’objectiu ha estat estudiar el paper dels polimorfismes del gen ANRIL en el risc d’episodis cardiovasculars en pacients amb malaltia renal crònica terminal en hemodiàlisi. I a la segona part s’ha estudiat si el polimorfisme estadísticament més significatiu del primer estudi, continua exercint el seu paper promotor del risc cardiovascular una vegada els pacients han estat sotmesos a trasplantament renal.
La tesi doctoral demostra que el polimorfisme rs10757278 està en desequilibri de lligament amb un conjunt de polimorfismes propers del gen ANRIL, i que està relacionat estadísticament amb l’aparició d’episodis cardiovasculars en pacients en hemodiàlisi. Concretament, els pacients homozigots per l’al·lel de risc (genotip GG) han mostrat un risc del doble aproximadament -HR: 2.15 (1.14-4.01), Paj=0.018- que els pacients portadors de l’al·lel protector A. A més a més, s’ha demostrat que aquest efecte es mantenia tot i ajustar per les variables de risc cardiovascular clàssiques, fins i tot la diabetis, amb la qual manté un efecte sinèrgic.
Aquesta relació amb el risc cardiovascular s’ha confirmat també en la població de pacients trasplantats renals on el risc de patir un episodi cardiovascular pels pacients amb genotip GG augmenta 2.93 vegades (1.69-5.11), P<0.0001 respecte als portadors de l’al·lel A. Concretament, l’associació d’aquest polimorfisme amb el desenvolupament d’ictus isquèmic té un efecte més important -HR: 4.43 (1.81-10.85) Paj=0.001- que en el cas d’infart agut de miocardi -HR: 2.27 (1.10-4.67), Paj=0.026.
Per altra banda, el polimorfisme rs2043211 del gen CARD8 no mostra associacions significatives amb patir un episodi cardiovascular o amb mortalitat en pacients receptors d’un trasplantament de ronyó. Tot i així, quan es combina amb el polimorfisme rs10757278 del gen ANRIL, l’increment del risc cardiovascular dels homozigots combinats de l’al·lel de risc manté l’efecte que l’SNP d’ANRIL havia mostrat de forma independent, suggerint que CARD8 podria tenir algun paper en el mecanisme d’acció del polimorfisme rs10757278 del gen ANRIL.
Els resultats obtinguts en la present tesi doctoral demostren per primera vegada la relació de la variant genètica rs10757278 del gen ANRIL amb els episodis cardiovasculars, especialment pel que fa als ictus isquèmics, en pacients amb malaltia renal crònica: en hemodiàlisi i receptors d’un trasplantament de ronyó. Afegir l’estudi d’aquest polimorfisme a la pràctica clínica permetria estratificar millor els pacients amb alt risc cardiovascular i oferir-los un tractament d’alta intensitat que permetés disminuir la morbi-mortalitat per aquesta causa.The main objective of this doctoral thesis was to ascertain whether ANRIL and CARD8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could identify risk of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in chronic renal disease: hemodialysis and kidney transplant recipients.
The thesis was divided into two parts: in the first part, the objective was to ascertain whether ANRIL polymorphisms could identify risk of major adverse cardiovascular event in patients starting on hemodialysis. And, in the second part, the main objective was to ascertain whether the statistically significant polymorphism of the first study continues to play its role in promoting cardiovascular events once the patients have undergone renal transplantation.
This thesis shows a correlation between ANRIL SNP rs10757278 and MACE in hemodialysis patients. Specifically, homozygous patients for the risk allele (GG genotype) showed 2.15 (1.14-4.01), Padj=0.018 fold higher risk of MACE during hemodialysis than carriers of the protective allele (AA or AG). Furthermore, this effect was maintained despite adjusting for the classic cardiovascular risk variables, including diabetes, with which it maintains a synergistic effect.
This relationship between ANRIL polymorphism and major adverse cardiovascular events was confirmed in the second study in renal transplant recipients cohort. Patients homozygous for the risk allele (GG genotype) showed a 2.93 (1.69–5.11), P<0.0001 fold higher risk of suffering a cardiovascular event than patients carrying the protective allele (AA or AG genotype). A stratified analysis by type of cardiovascular event: ischemic stroke or myocardial event (myocardial infarction and unstable angina) was performed. ANRIL polymorphism rs10757278 showed a stronger association with ischemic stroke HR = 4.43 (1.81–10.85), Padj=0.001 than with myocardial event (HR = 2.27 (1.10–4.67), Padj=0.026.
Regarding CARD8 polymorphism, no association was observed between CARD8 SNP rs2043211 and cardiovascular events nor all cause mortality nor cardiovascular exitus in renal transplant recipients. However, the effect of the ANRIL SNP rs10757278 was maintained when it was analyzed in combination with CARD8, suggesting that CARD8 SNP rs2043211 could play a role in the ANRIL SNP rs10757278 mechanism.
Results obtained in this doctoral thesis demonstrate, for the first time, a significant genotypic association of ANRIL SNP rs10757278 with major adverse cardiovascular events, in particular with ischemic stroke, in chronic kidney disease patients. The study of this polymorphism would be beneficial for the management of high cardiovascular risk patients resulting in a personalized treatment that could reduce the morbidity and mortality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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