1,720,979 research outputs found
Retirement and Social Security : A Political Economy Perspective
Get PDF* Revised: [10-04, 2010]Countries with higher implicit taxes on continued work are associated with lowerlabor force participation rates of the elderly. This paper constructs a politicoeconomicmodel that accounts for this feature based on multiple, self-fulfilling expectationsof agents. In this model, agents are identical at birth and can becomeskilled (or remain unskilled) through educational investment. When agents holdexpectations of larger social security benefits, it provides a disincentive to engagein educational investment, thereby resulting in an unskilled majority. In turn, thisunskilled majority supports larger social security benefits, which induces the retirementof the elderly and thus results in a lower labor force participation rate. Theopposite applies when agents have expectations of smaller social security benefitsin their old age
Inequality and Public Debt : A Positive Analysis
Get PDF* Revised： [15-01, 2015]This study extends the multi-country, politico-economic model of fiscal policy developed by Song, Storesletten, and Zilibotti (2012) to incorporate wage inequality within each country. In this extended framework, we present conflict within and across generations over fiscal policy and show that a low-inequality country realizes tight fiscal policy with low public debt accumulation, whereas a high-inequality country experiences loose fiscal policy with high public debt accumulation. This model prediction is consistent with empirical evidence from OECD countries for the past three decades
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A Political Economy Model of Earnings Mobility and Redistribution Policy
Get PDF* Revised: The Political Economy of Earnings Mobility and Redistribution Policy [08-18, 2008]* Revised：The Political Economy of Occupational Mobility and Redistribution Policy [08-18-Rev., 2009]* Revised： [08-18-Rev.2, 2010]* Revised： [08-18-Rev.3, 2011]This paper presents a politico-economic model that includes a mutual link between life cycle earnings mobility and redistributive politics. The model demonstrates that when an economy features a high opportunity of upward mobility and high risk of downward mobility, it attains a unique equilibrium where unskilled, low-income agents support a low redistribution because of the hope of upward mobility in future. In contrast, the economy attains multiple equilibria when mobility opportunity and risk are low: one is an unskilled-majority equilibrium defined by low mobility and the other is a skilled-majority equilibrium defined by high mobility. The paper gives a comparison between the political equilibrium and the social planner’s allocation in terms of mobility, and shows that the skilled-majority equilibrium realizes mobility close to the optimal one
International Coordination of Debt Rules with Time-inconsistent Voters
Get PDFIn this study, we investigate the international coordination of debt rules in an economy consisting of a large number of countries with varying degrees of present bias. A case whereby each country sets its own uncoordinated debt rules is compared with a case whereby all countries have common coordinated debt rules. Countries with weak present-biased preferences increase their debt issuance and suffer from welfare losses by participating in coordination. In contrast, countries with strong present-biased preferences reduce their debt issuance and can enjoy welfare improvement by participating in coordination. The contrasting results suggest the possibility that the former have little incentive to follow the coordinated rule
Old-age Social Security vs. Forward Intergenerational Public Goods Provision
Get PDF* Revised： [11-26, 2011]* Revised： [11-26-Rev., 2013]This paper introduces an overlapping-generations model with earnings hetero-geneity and borrowing constraints. The labor income tax and the allocation of tax revenue between social security and forward intergenerational public goods are determined in a bidimensional majoritarian voting game played by successive gen-erations. The political equilibrium is characterized by an ends-against-the-middle equilibrium where low- and high-income individuals form a coalition in favor of a lower tax rate and less social security while middle-income individuals favor a higher tax rate and greater social security. Government spending then shifts from social security to public goods provision if higher wage inequality is associated with the borrowing constraint and a high elasticity of marginal utility of youthful consump-tion
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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