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Zoroastrian influence upon Jewish Afterlife: Hell punishments in Arda Wiraz and Medieval Visionary Midrashim
Get PDFDisertacijas pamata ir teze par noteiktiem pecnaves elementiem, kas judaisma
(viduslaiku pseidoepigrafiskie teksti) aizguti no zoroastrisma. Šada pieeja balstita uz tekstu
salidzinašanu. Akademiskaja literatura atrodama plaša starpdisciplinara diskusija par šo
tematiku, tacu ta ir vispareja un tai trukst detalizeta skatijuma.
Disertacijas merkis ir noskaidrot noteiktus vizionara žanra tekstu t.s. elles celojumu
(tours of hell - Martas Himmelfarbas terminologija) elementus, kuri sastopami aprakstos.
Tekstos aprakstits Dieva izveleta varona celojums uz vinpasauli – mus galvenokart interese
elles sodu specifika, saskana ar kuru grecinieki tiek tiesati pec atmaksas (talion) principa.
Darba uzdevuma ietilpst analitisks tekstos sastopamo kopigo vai modificeto elementu
izvertejums (t.s. pakaršanas sodi, elles novietojums ziemelos, soda engeli un mocitaji, u.c.)
tekstos.
Ši disertacija ir meginajums pieradit saistibu starp atseviškiem viduslaiku judu elles
celojumu elementiem un zoroastriešu Arda Viraz Namag (“Gramata par taisnigo Virazu”, 9-
10. gs. zoroastriešu kopienas traktats, kurš ietver vinpasaules celojumu, lai skatitu debesu
godibu un elles sodus), ka ari citiem sasanidu perioda Iranas (226-651 g. m.e.) pehlevi
tekstiem (lidz m.e. 9.gs.).
Zoroastriešu elles celojumu aprakstiem raksturigi atseviški ipaši spilgti elementi,
kuri salidzinami ar identiskiem vai lidzigiem judu elles celojumu (t.s. viduslaiku vizionarie
midraši) elementiem.
Ideja par “pakaršanas sodiem”, saskana ar kuru grecinieki elle ir pakarti aiz grecigas
kermena dalas, visticamak aizguta no zoroastriešiem; detalas to apliecina Arda Viraz Namag.
Judu viduslaiku vizionarie midraši, kuri bija populari tautas masas (tacu rabinu
neatbalstiti), var tikt uzskatiti par agrino judu pseidoepigrafu un apokrifu tradiciju
turpinatajiem. Tie tika detalizeti izstradati 9-14.gs., kas hronologiski atbilst Arda Viraz
Namag un lielakas dalas seno zoroastriešu mutisko tradiciju pierakstišanas laikam no 9-
10.gs. (seviški 9.gs.).
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Atslegvardi: Zoroastrisma-judaisma ietekme, individuala eshatologija, vizionarais celojums,
elles celojumi, demonstrativie paskaidrojumi, elles sodi, pakaršanas sodi, mutiska un
rakstita tradicija, parmantošana, pseidoepigrafi, folkloras motivi un iezimes, sasanidu
periods, zoroastriešu Arda Viraz Namag (abreviatura AVN), judu viduslaiku vizionarie
midrašiThe main issue addressed in the present dissertation is whether Judaism (its
Pseudepigraphic Medieval literary successors are implied) had borrowed certain concepts of
Zoroastrian afterlife and how this can be exposed through the medium of available texts.
There has been quite an extended discussion among scholars of various fields on this issue in
general; yet there is a certain lack of a more detailed approach.
The following dissertation deals with the certain features of the description of hell
(„tours of hell” of visionary genre) within the context of otherworldly journeys of a God
elected hero particularly concerned with the details of punishment of the sinners using
principle of retaliation (talion) as means of reward. The task of the author is to carry out an
analytical comparison between these common elements or its modified forms (hanging
punishments, location of hell in northern regions, angels of punishment and various
tormenting creatures, etc.) inherent at textual sources.
The main thesis of my doctoral research makes an attempt to research Jewish
Medieval tours of hell as closely resembling concepts behind Arda Wiraz Namag („The
Book of the Righteous Wiraz”, 9th-10th century, Zoroastrian community treatise on
otherworldly journey to have a glimpse of heavenly bliss and punishments in hell) and other
Pahlavi texts (up till the 9th century C.E.) of Sasanid period in Iran (226 C.E.-651 C.E.).
Zoroastrian descriptions of hell tours bear some particular elements which are
exclusively vivid, especially in comparison to identical Jewish hell tours (Medieval visionary
midrash) comprising the same or similar elements.
The concept of “hanging punishments” according to which the sinners are hung up
by the part of the body they had sinned with is reviewed. The original idea of a principle of
the correspondence of a punished limb to a crime committed is probably mostly borrowed
from Zoroastrians; this statement could be approved by their book Arda Wiraz Namag.
Medieval Jewish visionary midrash which was popular among masses (however not
supported by rabbis) can be considered as a descendant of earlier Jewish Pseudepigraphal
and Apocryphal traditions. It received more elaborated form between the 9th and 14th
centuries, and chronologically corresponds to fixing of Arda Wiraz Namag in a written form
and most of Zoroastrian centuries old traditions written down during the 9th and 10th
centuries (esp. 9th Cent.).
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Key words and phrases: Zoroastrian-Jewish interaction, individual eschatology, visionary
journey, tours of hell, demonstrative explanations, hell punishments, hanging punishments,
oral and written tradition, transmission, Pseudepigrapha, folk motifs and features, Sasanid
period, Zoroastrian Arda Wiraz Namag (abbreviated as AWN), Medieval Jewish visionary
midras
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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