1,721,009 research outputs found
Analysis of unsupported gait in toddlers with autism
No full textAnalysis of unsupported gait in toddlers with autism.
Esposito G, Venuti P, Apicella F, Muratori F.
Department of Cognitive Science and Education, University of Trento, Italy.
[email protected]
AIMS: A number of studies have suggested the importance of motor development in
autism. Motor development has been considered a possible bio-marker of autism
since it does not depend on either social or linguistic development. In this
study, using retrospective video analysis we investigated the first unsupported
gait in toddlers with autism.
METHODS: Fifty-five toddlers, belonging to three groups were recruited: toddlers
with autistic disorder (AD, n=20, age 14.2mo, sd 1.4mo) and as comparison groups:
typically developing toddlers (TD, n=20, age 12.9mo, sd 1.1mo) and toddlers with
non-autistic developmental delays of mixed aetiology (DD, n=15, age 13.1mo, sd
0.8mo). The Walking Observation Scale (WOS) and the Positional Pattern for
Symmetry during Walking (PPSW) were used to gather data on the first unsupported
gait. The WOS includes 11 items that analyze gait through three axes: foot
movements; arm movements; general movements while the PPSW analyses static and
dynamical symmetry during gait.
RESULTS: Our results have identified significant differences in gait patterns
among the group of toddlers with AD as opposed to the control groups. Significant
differences between AD and the two control groups were found for both WOS
(p<.001) and PPSW (p<.001).
CONCLUSION: The specificity of motor disturbances we have identified in autism
(postural asymmetry) is consistent with previous findings that implicated
cerebellar involvement in the motor symptoms of autism
Computerized home video detection for motherese may help to study impaired interaction between infants who become autistic and their parents
No full textComputerized home video detection for motherese may help to study impaired
interaction between infants who become autistic and their parents.
Mahdhaoui A, Chetouani M, Cassel RS, Saint-Georges C, Parlato E, Laznik MC,
Apicella F, Muratori F, Maestro S, Cohen D.
Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Université Pierre et Marie
Curie, Paris, France.
Autism is a well-defined clinical syndrome after the second year of life, but
information on autism in the first two years of life is still lacking. The study
of home videos has described children with autism during the first year of life
as not displaying the rigid pattern typical of later symptoms. Therefore,
developmental/environmental factors are claimed in addition to genetic/biological
ones to explain the onset of autism during maturation. Here we describe (1) a
developmental hypothesis focusing on the possible implication of motherese
impoverishment during the course of parent-infant interactions as a possible
co-factor; (2) the methodological approach we used to develop a computerized
algorithm to detect motherese in home videos; (3) the best configuration
performance of the detector in extracting motherese from home video sequences
(accuracy = 82% on speaker-independent versus 87.5% on speaker-dependent) that we
should use to test this hypothesis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fusform gyrus responses to neutral and emotional faces in children with autism spectrum disorders: a high density ERP study
No full text
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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