37 research outputs found
Traitement par rispéridone d’une polydipsie avec hyponatrémie sévère chez un patient schizophrène
No full textNous rapportons le cas d’un patient souffrant de schizophrénie indifférenciée depuis 10
ans, ayant présenté une polydipsie avec une hyponatrémie sévère. Ce patient a bien répondu
à la combinaison d’un antipsychotique atypique (rispéridone à 4 mg/jour) associé à une
approche comportementale basée sur la restriction hydrique
Decreased glutathione levels and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenic patients
No full textAbstract Background The aim of this study was to determine glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in the drug-naive first-episode patients with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy control subjects. Methods It was a case-controlled study carried on twenty-three patients (20 men and 3 women, mean age = 29.3 ± 7.5 years) recruited in their first-episode of schizophrenia and 40 healthy control subjects (36 men and 9 women, mean age = 29.6 ± 6.2 years). In patients, the blood samples were obtained prior to the initiation of neuroleptic treatments. Glutathione levels: total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSHr) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and antioxidant enzyme activities: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) were determined by spectrophotometry. Results GSHt and reduced GSHr were significantly lower in patients than in controls, whereas GSSG was significantly higher in patients. GPx activity was significantly higher in patients compared to control subjects. CAT activity was significantly lower in patients, whereas the SOD activity was comparable to that of controls. Conclusion This is a report of decreased plasma levels of GSHt and GSHr, and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in drug-naive first-episode patients with schizophrenia. The GSH deficit seems to be implicated in psychosis, and may be an important indirect biomarker of oxidative stress in schizophrenia early in the course of illness. Finally, our results provide support for further studies of the possible role of antioxidants as neuroprotective therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia from early stages.</p
Brief assessment of schizotypal traits: A multinational study
No full textE.F.P. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) (PSI2014-56114-P), by the Instituto Carlos III, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), and by 2015 edition of the BBVA Foundation Grants for Researchers and Cultural Creators. M.D. was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (100019_159440). R.C. was supported by the Beijing Training Project for Leading Talents in S&T (Z151100000315020), the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission Grant (Z161100000216138), and the National Basic Research Program of China (Precision Psychiatry Program: 2016YFC0906402). JCB was partly funded by the Cooperative Research Centre-Mental Health, Carlton, Australia. S.G. and I.T. were supported by the “ARISTEIA II” Action of the Operational Programme Education and Lifelong Learning and was co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) and National Resources [grant number KA 2990].Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Ortuño-Sierra, J., Lucas-Molina, B., Debbané, M., Chan, R.C.K., Cicero, D.C., Zhang, L.C., Brenner, C., Barkus, E., Linscott, R.J., Kwapil, T., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Cohen, A., Raine, A., Compton, M.T., Tone, E.B., Suhr, J., Bobes, J., Fumero, A., Giakoumaki, S., Tsaousis, I., Preti, A., Chmielewski, M., Laloyaux, J., Mechri, A., Lahmar, M.A., Wuthrich, V., Larøi, F., Badcock, J.C., Jablensky, A., Barron, D., Swami, V., Tran, U.S., Voracek, M
Traitement neuroleptique et signes neurologiques mineurs chez les patients schizophrènes
No full textObjectifs : Évaluer l'impact du traitement neuroleptique sur les
signes neurologiques mineurs (SNM) chez des patients schizophrènes et
examiner leur relation avec l'amélioration sous traitement.
Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude transversale comparative,
portant sur 66 patients schizophrènes, dont la majorité (78,8 %)
était sous traitement neuroleptique. Treize patients n'étaient
jamais traités ou en arrêt du traitement. Les SNM ont été
évalués par l'échelle de Krebs et al. L'amélioration sous
traitement a été appréciée par les impressions cliniques
globales.
Résultats : Il n'y avait pas de différence entre les
patients traités et ceux non traités concernant les scores des SNM,
à l'exception de celui de l'intégration sensorielle. Chez les
patients traités, aucune corrélation n'a été trouvée
entre SNM et posologie journalière ou durée du traitement
neuroleptique, symptomatologie extrapyramidale et niveau d'amélioration
sous traitement.
Conclusion : Les SNM seraient un marqueur intrinsèque de la
schizophrénie, plutôt stable et peu influencé par le traitement
Association between cyclothymic temperament and clinical predictors of bipolarity in recurrent depressive patients
No full textTroubles de l’adaptation : étude clinique d’une population hospitalière tunisienne
No full textLe concept de facteur de stress et sa relation avec la survenue des troubles de l’adaptation offrent à cette entité nosographique une place toute particulière en clinique psychiatrique. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de déterminer la fréquence des troubles de l’adaptation en milieu psychiatrique hospitalier et de dégager le profil clinique et évolutif de ces troubles. Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive et rétrospective portant sur 115 patients hospitalisés pour la première fois au service de psychiatrie du centre hospitalo-universitaire de Monastir (Tunisie) pour des troubles de l’adaptation selon les critères DSM-IV. La fréquence des troubles de l’adaptation en milieu psychiatrique hospitalier était estimée à 11,8 %. Ces troubles survenaient chez des patients jeunes (âgés de 16 à 30 ans dans 65,3 % des cas), de sexe féminin (60,9 %), de statut professionnel et socio-économique précaire et sans antécédents psychiatriques (59,1 %). L’installation des troubles de l’adaptation était brutale, déclenchée par des facteurs de stress psychosociaux souvent multiples (60,0 %), récents (61,7 %) et de sévérité élevée (69,6 %). Les tentatives de suicide ont représenté le premier motif d’hospitalisation (53 %). L’évolution des troubles était favorable dans 75,7 % des cas, après une courte hospitalisation (8,2 jours en moyenne). Au terme de ces résultats globalement concordants avec ceux de la littérature, nous soulignons l’intérêt de prévoir un aménagement de lits pour hospitalisation de courte durée offrant un cadre d’accueil, d’observation et de traitement de ces troubles, véritables situations de crise.The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of adjustment disorders in psychiatric hospital and to establish the clinical and evolutional profiles of these disorders. A descriptive and retrospective study with approximately 115 patients hospitalized a first time in a psychiatric setting of the university hospital of Monastir in Tunisia for adjustment disorders according to the DSM-IV. The frequency of adjustment disorders in a psychiatric hospital was estimated at 11,8 %. The majority of patients were young (65,3 % between 16 and 20), female (60,9 %), of low professional and socio-economical status, and without any psychiatric history (59,1 %). The acute appearance of adjustment disorders caused by psychosocial stress factors which were usually various (60 %), recent (61,7 %) and with a high severity (69,6 %). The suicide attempts were frequent (53 %) representing the first reason for hospitalization. An evolution was favourable in 75,7 % of cases after a short hospitalization (about 8,2 days). Finally, the authors insist on the short hospitalization in order to provide evaluation, observation and treatment setting for these disorders.El concepto de factor de estrés y su relación con la aparición de los problemas de adaptación ofrecen a esta entidad nosográfica un lugar muy particular en las clínicas psiquiátricas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron de determinar la frecuencia de los problemas de adaptación en el medio de los hospitales psiquiátricos y poner de relieve el perfil clínico y evolutivo de estos problemas. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 115 pacientes hospitalizados por primera vez, por problemas de adaptación según los criterios DSM-IV, en el servicio de psiquiatría del centro hospital-universitario de Monastir (Túnez). La frecuencia de los problemas de adaptación en el medio de los hospitales psiquiátricos se estimó en 11.8%. Estos problemas se presentan en los pacientes jóvenes (de 16 a 30 años de edad en el 65.3% de los casos), de sexo femenino (60.9%), de nivel profesional y socioeconómico precario y sin antecedentes psiquiátricos (59.1%). El establecimiento de los problemas de adaptación fue brutal, desencadenado por factores de estrés psicosocial, con frecuencia múltiples (60.0%), recientes (61.7%) y muy severos (69.6%). Las tentativas de suicidio representaron el primer motivo de hospitalización (53%). La evolución de los problemas fue favorable en el 75.7% de los casos, después de una hospitalizacián corta (8.2 días en promedio). Al término de estos resultados, que concuerdan globalmente con los de la literatura, subrayamos el interés por prever una distribución de camas para la hospitalización de corta duración que ofrezca un marco de recepción, observación y tratamiento de estos problemas, verdaderas situaciones de crisis.O conceito de fator de estresse e sua relação com a aparição de problemas de adaptação oferecem a esta entidade nosográfica uma posição especial em clínica psiquiátrica. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a freqüência dos problemas de adaptação em meio psiquiátrico hospitalar e estabelecer o perfil clínico e evolutivo destes problemas. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo realizado em 115 pacientes hospitalizados pela primeira vez no serviço de psiquiatria do Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Monastir (Tunísia), por problemas de adaptação de acordo com os critérios DSM-IV. Segundo o estudo, a freqüência dos problemas de adaptação em meio psiquiátrico hospitalar foi estimada a 11,8%. Estes problemas aparecem em pacientes jovens (de 16 à 30 anos em 65,3% dos casos), do sexo feminino (60,9%), de estatuto profissional e sócio-econômico precário e sem antecedentes psiquiátricos (59,1%). A aparição dos problemas de adaptação foi considerada brutal, desencadeada por fatores de estresse psicossociais, quase sempre múltiplos (60%), recentes (61,7%) e graves (69,9%). As tentativas de suicídio representaram o primeiro motivo de hospitalização (53%). A evolução do quadro clínico foi favorável em 75,7% dos casos, após uma breve hospitalização (8,2 dias em média). Após a obtenção destes resultados, em geral de acordo com os resultados teóricos, os autores destacam a necessidade de prever uma organização de leitos para hospitalização de curta duração, oferecendo um quadro de recepção, observação e tratamento destes problemas, verdadeiras situações de crise
Correlations between obstetric complications and neurological soft signs in Tunisian patients with schizophrenia
No full text
Lower paraoxonase 1 activity in Tunisian bipolar I patients
No full textAbstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the variations of paraoxonase activity and lipid profile in bipolar I patients, and the association of this activity with the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of this population. Patients and methods Our study included 66 patients with bipolar I disorder and 64 controls aged 37.9 ± 12.6 and 36.3 ± 18.2 years, respectively. Paraoxonase activity was determined by kinetic methods; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-LDL), triglycerides and total cholesterol were determined by enzymatic methods; apolipoprotein (Apo)A1, ApoB and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined by immunoturbidimetry using Konelab 30 equipment (Thermo Scientific). Results Compared with controls, patients had a significantly lower paraoxonase activity and ApoA1 level, and significantly higher total cholesterol, c-LDL and Lp(a) level and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. Furthermore, paraoxonase activity was significantly correlated with c-HDL values (r = 0.5612; P Conclusions Bipolar patients had a significant decrease in paraoxonase activity and perturbations in their lipid profile that contribute to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Decrease in this activity was significantly associated with treatment with lithium but not with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Therefore, such patients require specific care, particularly with regard to their lipid profile.</p
